Cellular frequencies

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Topic: Cellular frequencies

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	OET --Human Exposure To Radiofrequency Fields From Cellular and PCS Radio Transmitters
		Cellular communications systems use frequencies in the 800-900 megahertz (MHz) portion of the radiofrequency (RF) spectrum (frequencies formerly used for UHF-TV broadcasting), and transmitters in the Personal Communications Service (PCS) use frequencies in the range of 1850-1990 MHz.
		These included limiting conversations on hand-held cellular telephones to those that are essential and making greater use of telephones with vehicle-mounted antennas where there is a greater separation distance between the user and the radiating structure.
		These cellular antennas are typically mounted on the roof, on the trunk, or on the rear window of a car or truck.
	www.fcc.gov /oet/rfsafety/cellpcs.html (2242 words)

	OET --Human Exposure To Radiofrequency Fields From Cellular and PCS Radio Transmitters
		Cellular communications systems use frequencies in the 800-900 megahertz (MHz) portion of the radiofrequency (RF) spectrum (frequencies formerly used for UHF-TV broadcasting), and transmitters in the Personal Communications Service (PCS) use frequencies in the range of 1850-1990 MHz.
		These cellular antennas are typically mounted on the roof, on the trunk, or on the rear window of a car or truck.
		The signal from a cellular or PCS base station antenna is essentially directed toward the horizon in a relatively narrow beam in the vertical plane.
	www.fcc.gov /oet/rfsafety/cellpcs.html (2242 words)

	What is cellular? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		To support more than 1,000 simultaneous conversations, cellular systems allocate a set number of frequencies for each cell.
		For digital communications, several competing cellular systems exist, including GSM and CDMA.
		Sprint: Cellular Communications - Offers new business plans with free incoming calls, nationwide wireless long distance, caller ID and voicemail.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/C/cellular.htm (2242 words)

	AllRefer.com - cellular telephone (Electrical Engineering) - Encyclopedia
		cellular telephone or cellular radio, telecommunications system in which a portable or mobile radio transmitter and receiver, or "telephone," is linked via microwave radio frequencies to base transmitter and receiver stations that connect the user to a conventional telephone network.
		In many countries with inadequate wire-based telephone networks, cellular telephone systems have provided a means of more quickly establishing a national telecommunications network.
		When a mobile telephone leaves one cell and enters another, the telephone call is transferred from one base station and set of transmission frequencies to the next using a computerized switching system.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/cellulart.html (2242 words)

	Communications News: Business Users the First to Benefit from the Promise of Cellular Radio
		Cellular radio's ability to reuse frequencies and to split cells to accommodate growth in demand eliminates all the problems of early mobile systems.
		Cellular systems are able to handle calls simultaneously without the calls interfering with each other by reusing the frequencies of cells that are far enough apart.
		By 1990, the number of cellular radio users is projected anywhere from 1.0 to 2.5 million, with those users expected to generate annual revenues ranging from $1.5 to $4 billion.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0CMN/is_n2_v21/ai_532450 (2242 words)

	DMC Article - On the Microwave Path
		While the disadvantage of using higher frequency bands on longer paths is rain outage, the drawback of using lower frequencies on shorter paths is frequency congestion.
		Typical frequency bands now in use in cellular systems are 8, 10, 13, 15, 18, 23 and 38 GHz, though some of these may not even be available in some countries.
		For ease of frequency co-ordination, two or three channels from each available band should be secured and allocated so that when assigning frequencies for the microwave link, only interference from within the network has to be considered.
	www.stratexnet.com /about_us/our_technology/files/mobile_article/mobile.fdesign.html (853 words)

	Extremely low frequency (ELF) fields (EHC 35, 1984)
		In his consideration of ELF electric field interactions with neural cells, Schwan (1977) stated that, under a wide range of assumptions for cellular shape and cellular electrical properties, it was impossible that the largest electric fields in air could significantly affect neural membrane potentials by the passage of transmembrane currents.
		The electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields that exist near sources of ELF electromagnetic fields must be considered separately, because the very long wavelengths (thousands of kilometres) characteristic of extremely low frequencies means that measurements are made in the non-radiating near field.
		In the latter technique, electric currents at ELF and higher frequencies are induced by pulsed magnetic fields.
	www.inchem.org /documents/ehc/ehc/ehc35.htm (16444 words)

	Cellphones
		Presently the Frequencies used by the Cellular Handset are: 824 MHz - 849 MHz
		(This varies under the control of the Cellular basestation: the weaker the connection the more power the handset is made to send.)
		Coincidentally there are two microwave frequencies in general use for Microwaves Ovens:
	www.williamson-labs.com /cellphones.htm (1813 words)

	North American broadcast television frequencies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Channels 70 through 83 were removed from the bandplan to make way for AMPS cellular telephone service; these channels were mainly used in the U.S., and mainly for translators, some of which continued in operation if their frequencies were not in use for cellular.
		Traditionally, the frequencies are divided into two sections, the very high frequency (VHF) band and the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, but in reality, the VHF band is further subdivided into two more sections, VHF-Lo (band I) and VHF-Hi (band III).
		In North America, terrestrial television is broadcast on designated channels numbered 2 through 69.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_American_broadcast_television_frequencies (753 words)

	North American broadcast television frequencies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Channels 70 through 83 were removed from the bandplan to make way for AMPS cellular telephone service; these channels were mainly used in the U.S., and mainly for translators, some of which continued in operation if their frequencies were not in use for cellular.
		Traditionally, the frequencies are divided into two sections, the very high frequency (VHF) band and the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, but in reality, the VHF band is further subdivided into two more sections, VHF-Lo (band I) and VHF-Hi (band III).
		In North America, terrestrial television is broadcast on designated channels numbered 2 through 69.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_American_broadcast_television_frequencies (753 words)

	Cellular Phone Accessory Wireless Dictionary
		A feature on some wireless phones that allows the handset to operate using either the 800 MHz cellular or the 1900 MHz PCS frequencies.
		Cellular calls are transferred from base station to base station as a user travels from cell to cell.
		Most cellular phones have the ability to switch to the "A" or the "B" frequency bands.
	www.digital-cellular-phone.com /wirelessdictionary.html (753 words)

	Free Cellular Phones - Glossary
		Frequency Reuse - The ability to use the same frequencies repeatedly within a single system, made possible by the basic design approach for cellular.
		In cellular, "alphanumeric memory dial" is a special type of dial-from- memory option that displays both the name of the individual and that individual's phone number on the cellular phone handset.
		A digital cellular system that squeezes between 10 and 20 conversations into one cellular channel by combining 30 KHz cellular channels into a single 1.25 MHz channel and using code division multiplexing to combine and recover the individual conversations.
	www.free-cellular-cell-phones.com /glossary.shtml (753 words)

	Determine your cellphone - carrier frequency range - Criterion Cellular
		When cellular began the frequencies were 800MHz (analog).
		Too many times the customer service folks at the carriers blurt out the wrong answer and end up causing you to purchase the wrong frequency antenna (which defeats the whole purpose!) Another possibility is to call the local cellular shop and ask them.
		If all else fails, call your local cellular dealership or the carrier directly.
	cellular-amplifier.com /tutorials/findfrequencies.html (753 words)

	ACS :: Cellular Phone Towers
		In fact, in order to be exposed to levels at or near the FCC limits for cellular or PCS frequencies an individual would essentially have to remain in the main transmitted radio signal (at the height of the antenna) and within a few feet from the antenna.
		Cellular and PCS [Personal Communications Service] base stations in the United States are required to comply with limits for exposure recommended by expert organizations and endorsed by government agencies responsible for health and safety.
		Cellular phone towers are usually mounted either on top or on the side of existing structures, such as trees, water tanks, or tall buildings.
	cancer.org /docroot/PED/content/PED_1_3X_Cellular_Phone_Towers.asp?... (753 words)

	ACS :: Cellular Phones
		Cellular phones operate with radio frequencies (RF), a form of energy located on the electromagnetic spectrum between FM radio waves and the waves used in microwave ovens, radar, and satellite stations.
		Cellular phone use was not associated with an increased risk of developing brain tumors overall, nor was there an association with any brain tumor subtypes or with tumors in any location within the brain.
		Based on the large and still rapidly growing number of cellular phone users, and the seriousness of brain tumors, this is clearly a topic of wide concern.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/PED/content/PED_1_3X_Cellular_Phones.asp (753 words)

	cell1.txt
		All new cellular telephones are built to accomodate these new frequencies, but old cellular telephones still work on the system.
		Cellular Frequency Usage and channel allocation There are 832 cellular phone channels which are split into two seperate bands.
		Hence, the most successful way of reactivating a cellular phone is to obtain an ID that is presently in use and modifying your rom/prom/eprom for your specific phone.
	www.phreak.org /txt/cell1.txt (4083 words)

	Smart, Sun Cellular seek additional frequencies - Apr. 14, 2004
		MOBILE phone firms Smart Communications Inc. and Digitel's Sun Cellular are seeking additional frequencies to widen their coverage and increase their subscriber base.
		Frequencies determine the network capacity of a cellular network.
		Sun Cellular's network could handle 2.4 million subscribers this year from a capacity of 1.2 million in 2003, although the company's subscriber base only stood at about 650,000 against its forecast of 800,000.
	www.inq7.net /inf/2004/apr/14/inf_7-1.htm (448 words)

	Alltel Phones & Accessories
		The term applied to a phone that works on 800 MHz analog, 800 MHz digital and 1900 MHz (also known as 1.9 GHz) frequencies.
		Rapidly losing favor in the wireless industry, these batteries don't provide much power for wireless phones and suffer from a "memory effect" that quickly depletes their charge if the battery is not drained all the way down before recharging.
		What makes these phones "smart" is their ability to handle data calls in addition to voice calls.
	www.alltel.com /estore/wireless/phones (448 words)

	Cellular Technology
		The main differences between cellular and cordless technologies are the single cell architecture of cordless and the fact that the two systems operate at different frequencies.
		Cellular providers also have a variety of local, regional or national coverage plans that may be tailored to a specific set of business requirements.
		Cellular technology extends the bounds of a corporation's existing telecommunications infrastructure by connecting mobile units to the public network operated by the local exchange or long distance carriers.
	scis.nova.edu /~raciti/cellular.html (448 words)

	RF Cafe - Amateur Radio Websites
		IONSOUND is a very sophisticated ionospheric propagation predictions program for frequencies between 1.8 MHz and 30 MHz.
		Information, tutorials and books on all aspects of radio, cellular telecom and electronics from the historical aspects to today's latest technology.
		The Radio and Electronics School is a non profit organisation run by a dedicated group of volunteers from the states of Australia.
	www.rfcafe.com /references/amateur_radio_links.htm (448 words)

	An Overview Of Cellular As A Wireless Communication Method
		The basic idea in cellular systems is that a geographic area is divided up into small cells and frequencies could be reused in different cells as long as these cells are not neighbouring with one another.
		Cellular communication mode is has many advantages, which cordless telephony used to be lack of, such as high capacity, low interference, less power needed, and etc. Actually the idea from cellular was exploited by satellite communication researchers, and that is how LEO became so popular in current communication research work.
		Cellular systems are similar to traditional wide-area radio communication systems, whereby the whole assigned communication band is divided into a number of frequency bands.
	www.cs.sfu.ca /~yzchen/personal/htmls/prj_cellular/prj_cellular.htm (3551 words)

	The Radio Spectrum
		This is an approximate look, to help in searching frequencies on a scanner or shortwave radio.
		This is because most cellular phones transmit less than one-watt of output.
		FREQUENCY USES/SERVICES (in Megahertz unless otherwise indicated) 10 - 150 khz Military/government, submarine communications (.01 -.15 MHz) 150 - 535 khz Longwave Band, beacons, foreign broadcasts, maritime.
	www.fordyce.org /scanning/scanning_info/spectrum.html (562 words)

	Extremely Low Frequencies
		Under the guise of being relay stations for cellular phone systems, these towers which are under the direction of the DoD, are being set up as some kind of radio frequency emission stations that the US navel station has been researching for the last 30 or 40 years.
		They have been experimenting with such things as mind control systems using machines that emit Extremely Low Frequency (ELF); in several world wars and in the Persian Gulf War.
		For reasons I won't go into here I was more freaked out by the 666 references than I was by the mind control stuff, all the same, I wasn't quite ready to don the tin-foil skull cap just yet.
	www.star-one.org.uk /consp/elf1.htm (639 words)

	Cellular Phones & Mobile Phones - History and Technology
		It has to do with different technical standards and frequencies of operation between North America and the rest of the world.
		1980 Digital cellular telephone technology, offering better sound quality, greater channel capacity and lower cost than analog.*
		Cellular Phones and Mobile Phones - History and Technology
	www.telephonetribute.com /tribute/cell.html (701 words)

	Cellular Telephony
		All new cellular telephones are built to accommodate these new frequencies, but old cellular telephones still work on the system.
		Hence, the most successful way of reactivating a cellular phone is to obtain an ID that is presently in use and modifying your rom/prom/eprom for your specific phone.
		Cellular phones today are used for a multitude of different jobs.
	www.affordablephones.net /CellularTelephony.htm (4233 words)

	All about the Technology
		Cellular technology allowed for the division of geographical areas, rather than frequencies, leading to a more efficient use of the radio spectrum.
		The first analog cellular systems were based on IMTS and developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
		(2G) digital cellular systems were first developed at the end of the 1980s.
	www.itu.int /osg/spu/ni/3G/technology (1913 words)

	IEC: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
		The concept of cellular service is the use of low-power transmitters where frequencies can be reused within a geographic area.
		Cellular is one of the fastest growing and most demanding telecommunications applications.
		Cellular systems began in the United States with the release of the advanced mobile phone service (AMPS) system in 1983.
	www.iec.org /online/tutorials/gsm/topic01.html (326 words)

	CDPD - Cellular Digital Packet Data
		By building CDPD as an overlay to the existing cellular infrastructure, and using the same frequencies as cellular voice, carriers are able to minimize the capital expenditures required to offer the service while offering the same coverage area (footprint) their customer base has grown accustomed to.
		Unlike voice cellular phones, the decision to initiate a transfer, or hand-off from one cell to another cell is under the control of the CDPD M-ES itself, as it is the M-ES which is responsible for monitoring the received signal strength of the cellular channels being used.
		Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) is a technique used for transmitting small chunks of data, commonly referred to as packets, over the cellular network in a reliable manner.
	www.emory.edu /BUSINESS/et/cdpd (2617 words)

	TETRA: the science bit from the national research-based TETRA Airwave safety campaign
		Risk Evaluation of Potential Environmental Hazards From Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Using Sensitive in vitro Methods (11Mb PDF: large file!) But this EU REFLEX project is very important in demonstrating EMF effects at cellular level.
		These pulses are emitted by TETRA handsets at a frequency of 17.6 Hz, in the ‘beta’ brainwave range, and very close the resonant frequency of calcium ions at 16Hz.
		Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic radiation does affect living organisms.
	www.tetrawatch.net /science/index.php (2229 words)

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