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Topic: Cellular secretion

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Signal transduction

Hormone

Excretion

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	Dr. Ann Erickson
		The secreted protease is thought to aid tumor cell metastasis by participating in the degradation of the extracellular matrix through which the cells must migrate in order to establish secondary tumors.
		The extensive precedent for secretion of the contents of multivesicular endosomes suggests that in response to signals, these protease-containing endosomes might fuse with the plasma membrane, a process that would dump a bolus of protease in a localized region outside a cell.
		To understand the change in cellular targeting that occurs when synthesis of the protease increases, we are identifying cellular proteins that bind procathepsin L and thus potentially contribute to targeting the protease into the dense-core storage vesicles.
	www.med.unc.edu /wrkunits/2depts/biochem/erickson.htm (504 words)

	Directory — Biology Department - Penn State University
		By understanding how the secretion of neuropeptides is controlled at a cellular and molecular level we hope to shed some light on how this class of transmitter molecules are able to regulate higher-order behaviors.
		There are clear distinctions in the synthesis, sub-cellular localization, secretion, and post-synaptic actions of neuropeptides and classical transmitters.
		For example the two types of transmitters are even packaged into different cellular organelles: classical transmitters are found in small recycling vesicles, while neuropeptides are contained within large dense core granules that are filled via the trans Golgi network.
	www.bio.psu.edu /home/directory/homepages/mdw13.action (475 words)

	Leptin inhibits insulin secretion induced by cellular cAMP in a pancreatic B cell line (INS-1 cells) -- Ahrén ...
		insulin secretion by exaggerating the PKA pathway (25, 39).
		Leptin constrains acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic islets of ob/ob mice.
		Inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion by long-term preexposure of pancreatic islets to leptin.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/4/R959 (4587 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hormone secretion from cells where hormones are synthesized is regulated by the endocrine cells perceiving external stimuli and by factors that are endogenous to the cells.
		Negative feedback occurs when hormones act at target tissues to induce secretion of a factor which may be another hormone that acts back on the endocrine gland from where the original hormone was secreted to modulate rate at which hormone is released.
		Examples of cellular processes that are regulated are gene expression, division, protein synthesis, protein activation, inhibiting of protein activation, organelle synthesis and function, transport of intracellular stores, exocytosis, and endocytosis.
	animalscience.unl.edu /442/exam1.htm (4523 words)

	Synapse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Only the so-called pre-synaptic neuron secretes the neurotransmitter, which binds to receptorss facing into the synapse from the post-synaptic cell.
		The pre-synaptic nerve terminal generally buds from the tip of an axon, while the post-synaptic target surface typically appears on a dendrite, a cell body or another part of a cell.
		The release of neurotransmitter is triggered by the arrival of a nerve impulse (or action potential) and occurs through an unusually rapid process of cellular secretion: Within the pre-synaptic nerve terminal, vesicles containing neurotransmitter sit "docked" and ready at the synaptic membrane.
	encyclopedia.jigyasa.in /wikipedia/s/sy/synapse.html (871 words)

	Evidence of Rab3A Expression, Regulation of Vesicle Trafficking, and Cellular Secretion in Response to Heregulin in ...
		Evidence of Rab3A Expression, Regulation of Vesicle Trafficking, and Cellular Secretion in Response to Heregulin in Mammary Epithelial Cells -- Vadlamudi et al.
		Evidence of Rab3A Expression, Regulation of Vesicle Trafficking, and Cellular Secretion in Response to Heregulin in Mammary Epithelial Cells
		Proteins are secreted by both constitutive and regulated secretory pathways in lactating mouse mammary epithelial cells.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/20/23/9092 (5879 words)

	Poliovirus 3A Protein Limits Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and Beta Interferon Secretion during Viral Infection -- Dodd ...
		polioviruses on the secretion of antiviral and proinflammatory
		Increased secretion of beta interferon, IL-6, and IL-8 from cells infected with 3A-2 mutant poliovirus.
		Amounts of IL-6 (b) and IL-8 (c) secreted from MG63 cells as a function of time after mock infection or infection with wild-type or 3A-2 mutant poliovirus was also determined by ELISA in conjunction with standard curves.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/75/17/8158 (5072 words)

	B-cell activation in HIV infection: relationship of spontaneous immunoglobulin secretion to various immunological ...
		This increased level of synthesis and secretion is similar in HIV-infected subjects with no or few symptoms, in ARC patients and in AIDS patients.
		Levels of spontaneous cellular secretion of IgG and IgM correlate negatively with the percentage but not with the absolute number of T4-positive cells and correlate positively with the percentage but not with the absolute number of T8-positive cells.
		On the other hand, spontaneous IgD secretion correlates with neither the percent nor the absolute number of T4 or T8 cells suggesting that the increase of IgD-secretion by B cells is independent of the T-cell defects.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1988/oct/M88A0272.html (464 words)

	Trans Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Have More Adverse Effects than Saturated Fatty Acids on the Concentration and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The cellular uptakes of linoleic, linolelaidic, elaidic, and
		C]-acetate (111 MBq/L of medium) into cellular and secreted digitonin-precipitable total sterols in the presence and absence of 0.2 mmol/L of fatty acids bound to 7.5 g/L BSA was determined after 6 h incubation.
		secreted in the presence of linolelaidic and elaidic acids.
	www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/132/9/2651 (6151 words)

	Mucosal Mast Cell Secretion Processes Imaged Using Three-Photon Microscopy of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Autofluorescence -- ...
		Secretion appears to be oscillatory, with a time scale of ~90 s.
		Internalization and recycling to serotonin-containing granules of the 80K intergral membrane protein exposed on the surface of secreting rat basophilic leukaemia cells.
		Linkage of azurophil granule secretion in neutrophils to chloride ion transport and endosomal transcytosis.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/76/4/1835 (6474 words)

	Inhibition of cPLA2 Translocation and Leukotriene C4 Secretion by Fluticasone Propionate in Exogenously Activated Human ...
		Stimulated secretion is greater for both untreated (*p < 0.002) and FP-treated eosinophils at 24 h versus 48 h because of the larger number of viable cells at 24 h.
		secretion (Figure 5) was normalized for cell survival as measured by PI staining (see Figure 3).
		or apoptosis, and this corresponded to inhibited secretion of
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/159/6/1903 (3962 words)

	Insulin Receptor Substrate 1-induced Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Uptake in beta -Cells. AUTOCRINE ...
		Secreted insulin at each glucose concentration was normalized with total cellular insulin content (secreted insulin/total insulin) and expressed as a percentage.
		Cellular ATP content was measured by HPLC as described under "Materials and Methods" and elsewhere (38).
		Insulin secretion and cellular insulin content were significantly reduced in the cells overproducing IRS-1.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/25/18067 (5177 words)

	Distinct Roles for the Yeast Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinases, Stt4p and Pik1p, in Secretion, Cell Growth, and Organelle ...
		Cellular lipids were recovered, deacylated, and separated by HPLC as described in Figure 1.
		For Hsp150p secretion, labeled cells were spun down and Hsp150p was immunoprecipitated from both the media (external) fraction and the cellular (internal) fraction.
		Novick, P., and Schekman, R. Secretion and cell-surface growth are blocked in a temperature-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/11/8/2673 (7838 words)

	Synapse -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Such synapses are asymmetric both in structure and in how they operate.
		Only the so-called pre-synaptic neuron secretes the neurotransmitter, which binds to (A cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response) receptors facing into the synapse from the
		The pre-synaptic nerve terminal generally buds from the tip of an (Long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron) axon, while the post-synaptic target surface typically appears on a (Short fiber that conducts toward the cell body of the neuron) dendrite, a cell body, or another part of a cell.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sy/synapse.htm (1089 words)

	Weizmann Institute of Science: Molecular Genetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The mechanism of cellular secretion is highly conserved in evolution, whereby simple and complex organisms utilize similar strategies to deliver newly-synthesized proteins and lipids to the cell surface.
		All eukaryotic cells, whether single-celled yeast or the neurons of mammals, deliver membranal components and secreted molecules to the surface via carrier vesicles (or tubulovesicular structures) that bud from the Golgi and fuse selectively with the plasma membrane.
		These studies are highly relevant towards understanding how secretion is regulated in eukaryotes and may prove useful in identifying targets in the therapy of neuronal, endocrine, and neuromuscular disorders.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /molgen/scientists/gerst2.html (740 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Abstract of article: Fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) secretion by human intestinal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells were used to investigate the mechanistic basis of transepithelial secretion of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin.
		Ciprofloxacin secretion was unaltered after preincubation of cells with two anti-P-glycoprotein antibodies (UIC2 and MRK16), which both significantly reduced secretory vinblastine flux (measured in the same cell batch).
		Net secretion and cellular uptake of ciprofloxacin (at 0.1 mM) were not subject to alterations of either cytosolic or medium pH, or dependent on the presence of medium Na, Cl or K
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v121/n8/abs/0701302a.html (357 words)

	Regulation of Escherichia coli secA by Cellular Protein Secretion Proficiency Requires an Intact Gene X Signal Sequence ...
		Regulation of Escherichia coli secA by Cellular Protein Secretion Proficiency Requires an Intact Gene X Signal Sequence and an Active Translocon -- Oliver et al.
		Eubacterial protein secretion is facilitated by a number of different soluble and membrane proteins that comprise the secretion
		is tied to the status of protein secretion proficiency.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/180/19/5240 (1960 words)

	Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Forskolin, and Genistein Increase Apical CFTR Trafficking in the Rectal Gland of the ...
		because of the ease of in vitro perfusion, its cellular homogeneity,
		Parallel measurements of chloride secretion and immunolocalization of CFTR in perfused rectal glands.
		Chloride secretion and immunolocalization of CFTR in perfused rectal glands.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/101/4/737 (5315 words)

	Insulin Secretion and Cellular Glucose Metabolism after Prolonged Low-Grade Intralipid Infusion in Young Men -- Jensen ...
		Insulin Secretion and Cellular Glucose Metabolism after Prolonged Low-Grade Intralipid Infusion in Young Men -- Jensen et al.
		as insulin secretion rises in response to a meal.
		Early-onset diabetes caused by an insulin secretion defect.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/6/2775 (5212 words)

	Growth Hormone Secretion: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms and In Vivo Approaches -- Anderson et al. 229 (4): 291 -- ...
		Restoration of juvenile baseline growth hormone secretion with preservation of the ultradian growth hormone rhythm by continuous delivery of growth hormone-releasing factor.
		Tannenbaum GS, Gurd W, Lapointe M. Leptin is a potent stimulator of spontaneous pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion and the GH response to GH-releasing hormone.
		Measurement of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin in hypothalamic-portal plasma of unanesthetized sheep: spontaneous secretion and response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/229/4/291 (7108 words)

	Roles of Intracellular Calcium and NF-{kappa}B in the Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Up-Regulation and Secretion ...
		secretion from certain cells in vitro (13, 14, 15, 16, 17).
		TcdA.3 is not sufficient to induce of IL-8 secretion in monocytes
		Toxin A-induced IL-8 secretion is inhibited by sulfasalazine and curcumin.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/163/10/5183 (6478 words)

	Synapse - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Only the so-called pre-synaptic neuron secretes the neurotransmitter, which binds to receptors facing into the synapse from the post-synaptic cell.
		Note: There also exists a less elaborate form of junction called an electrical synapse.
		The arriving action potential produces an influx of calcium ions through voltage-dependent, calcium-selective ion channels, at which point the vesicles fuse with the membrane and release their contents to the outside.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Synapse (957 words)

	Effects of Tacrolimus (FK506) on Human Insulin Gene Expression, Insulin mRNA Levels, and Insulin Secretion in HIT-T15 ...
		Insulin gene expression and insulin secretion appear to be coordinately regulated in the
		Effect of FK506 on insulin secretion is reversible.
		Atwater(1991)Effect of the immunosuppressant FK506 on glucose-induced insulin secretion from adult rat islets of Langerhans.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/98/12/2786 (5285 words)

	Impairment of lachrymal and salivary secretion and cellular immune responses to salivary antigens in rheumatoid ...
		Impairment of lachrymal and salivary secretion and cellular immune responses to salivary antigens in rheumatoid arthritis -- Sullivan et al.
		Impairment of lachrymal and salivary secretion and cellular immune responses to salivary antigens in rheumatoid arthritis
		lachrymal flow and the occurrence of cellular immune responses to a protein
	ard.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/37/2/164 (240 words)

	Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Is a Negative Regulator of Cellular Differentiation -- Ptasznik et al. 137 (5): 1127 -- ...
		The cellular signaling pathways that are required for endocrine differentiation are unknown.
		Homologous DNA sequences and cellular factors are implicated in the control of glucagon and insulin gene expression.
		Wortmannin inhibits insulin secretion in pancreatic islets and B-TC3 cells independent of its inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/137/5/1127 (5845 words)

	COELENTERA - Online Information article about COELENTERA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Bourne, 1887) is always intercalated as a secretion by one or both of them; this is a gelatinoid, primitively structureless lamella, which in the first instance serves merely as a basal support for the cells.
		Reproductive sexual cells may be found in either of these two layers, according to the class and sub-class in question.
		The mesogloea is in itself an inert non-cellular secretion, but the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CLI_COM/COELENTERA.html (1465 words)

	Interleukin 2 modulates ion secretion and cell proliferation in cultured human small intestinal enterocytes -- ...
		We have previously demonstrated that forskolin stimulated Isc in BN cells is due largely to chloride secretion as it is inhibited
		The time course of the IL-2 effect on secretion was examined in a separate group of monolayers and the data are depicted in
		Cl- secretion in a model intestinal epithelium induced by a neutrophil-derived secretagogue.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/49/5/636 (3867 words)

	Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Section
		In 1992 she became a faculty member of NINDS as a Unit Chief in the Laboratory of Neurochemistry and in 1999 became Chief of the newly created Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Section.
		Our ability to systematically manipulate the molecular and cellular biology of the developing LHRH system opens the route to understanding critical neurobiological issues such as phenotypic commitment and mechanisms involved in neuronal migration.
		In addition, the mechanisms regulating LHRH gene and peptide expression, as well as peptide secretion are being examined to decipher the cellular characteristics underlying neuroendocrine function.
	intra.ninds.nih.gov /Lab.asp?Org_ID=42 (457 words)

	alpha -Tocopherol transfer protein stimulates the secretion of alpha -tocopherol from a cultured liver cell line ...
		of VLDL secretion that disrupts the Golgi apparatus (19).
		secretion level obtained in the absence of 25-hydroxycholesterol.
		Secretion of {{alpha}}-Tocopherol in VLDL Is Decreased by Dietary Protein Insufficiency in Young Growing Rats
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/23/12437 (2909 words)

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