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Topic: Celsus (usurper)

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	Roman Emperors - DIR usurpers under gallienus
		Usurpers at the Danube Frontier: Ingenuus and Regalianus
		Usurpers in the east: The Macriani and Ballista
		Saturninus, not to be confused with the usurper of the same name under Probus, appears in the Historia Augusta as optimus ducum Gallieni temporis.
	www.roman-emperors.org /galusurp.htm (3042 words)

	Roman Empire In Turmoil 180-285 by Sanderson Beck
		Celsus believed the Jews were barbarous, that through Moses and others they gained most of their wisdom from the Egyptians, and that their god Jehovah was an inhuman ogre.
		Celsus noted that Christianity attracted the wicked and shiftless from the fishermen and tax collectors who were disciples to appealing to thieves, criminals, and blasphemers.
		Celsus argued that ethical teachings of Christianity are nothing new, since they could be found in Plato.
	www.san.beck.org /AB9-RomanTurmoil180-285.html (20213 words)

	Rome - Vol I, Chapter X, Part 4
		The usurper Valens, by whose order he was killed, confessed, with deep remorse, that even an enemy ought to have respected the sanctity of Piso; and although he died in arms against Gallienus, the senate, with the emperor's generous permission, decreed the triumphal ornaments to the memory of so virtuous a rebel.
		Yet if we examine with candor the conduct of these usurpers, it will appear, that they were much oftener driven into rebellion by their fears, than urged to it by their ambition.
		The bravest usurpers were compelled, by the perplexity of their situation, to conclude ignominious treaties with the common enemy, to purchase with oppressive tributes the neutrality or services of the Barbarians, and to introduce hostile and independent nations into the heart of the Roman monarchy.
	www.cca.org /cm/rome/vol1/ch1004.html (4555 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 691 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Notwithstanding their antiquity and nobility, none of the Juventii played any prominent part in history, and the name is indebted for its celebrity chiefly to the two jurists who lived in the second century of the Christian aera.
		The family-names of this gens are celsus, la-terensis, pedo, thalna : a few occur without a surname.
		Owing to the common interchange of B and V, the name is frequently written Juben-tius in manuscripts and inscriptions.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1799.html (915 words)

	Saints of July 28
		Celsus went with him, supporting Nazarius in every way he could.
		Imagining that the storm was a punishment for their treatment of the two Christians, the sailors pulled Nazarius and Celsus back on board.
		The two saints were buried outside the walls of the city, close by the graves of Gervase and Protase.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0728.htm (2213 words)

	DECLINE & FALL
		The siege of that great city was immediately formed; the walls were battered with every engine in use among the ancients; and Aureolus, doubtful of his internal strength and hopeless of foreign succours, already anticipated the fatal consequences of unsuccessful rebellion.
		(10) These usurpers were his personal adversaries, nor could he think of indulging any private resentment till he had saved an empire whose impending ruin would, unless it was timely prevented, crush both the army and the people.
		These usurpers, whom their defeat had convicted of the crime of treason, were permitted to spend their lives in affluence and honourable repose.
	matrix.csustan.edu /XLib/History/Decline/volume1/chap11.htm (10418 words)

	CHAPTER - REIGN OF CLAUDIUS, DEFEAT OF THE GOTHS
		f1007 These usurpers were his personal adversaries; nor could he think of indulging any private resentment till he had saved an empire, whose impending ruin would, unless it was timely prevented, crush both the army and the people.
		These usurpers, whom their defeat had convicted of the crime of treason, were permitted to spend their lives in affluence and honorable repose.
		The emperor presented Zenobia with an elegant villa at Tibur, or Tivoli, about twenty miles from the capital; the Syrian queen insensibly sunk into a Roman matron, her daughters married into noble families, and her race was not yet extinct in the fifth century.
	www.godrules.net /library/gibbon/82gibbon_a11.htm (10599 words)

	The Histories [of Ancient Rome] by Cornelius Tacitus:book 1
		Celsus sturdily admitted the charge of keeping faith with Galba, and indeed claimed credit for setting a good example.
		However, by criticising Paulinus, Celsus and Gallus despite their respective qualifications - reputation, energy and seasoned judgement - this evil and designing man had little difficulty in getting the upper hand of his restrained and honest colleagues.
		Indeed, some hearers professed to detect the authorship of the speech on the mere strength of its style, for it was familiar from Trachalus' frequent appearance in the courts, and his ample and sonorous Latin was admirably designed to satisfy popular taste.
	www.ourcivilisation.com /smartboard/shop/tacitusc/histries/chap3.htm (10081 words)

	Everything about 261 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Gallienus usurpers were the usurpers who claimed imperial power during the reign of Gallienus (253–268).
		The existence of usurpers during the Crisis of the Third Century was very common, and the high number of usurpers fought by Gallienus is due to his long rule; 15 years was a long reign by the standards of the 3rd century Roman Empire.
		He is a fictional usurper, probably built on the model of Julius Saturninus.
	624.el.wikimiki.org /en/261 (3945 words)

	The History of the Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire - Vol 1 - Chapter XI Part I
		The Rhætian usurper, after receiving a total defeat and a dangerous wound, retired into Milan.
		The siege of that great city was immediately formed; the walls were battered with every engine in use among the ancients; and Aureolus, doubtful of his internal strength, and hopeless of foreign succors already anticipated the fatal consequences of unsuccessful rebellion.
		These usurpers were his personal adversaries; nor could he think of indulging any private resentment till he had saved an empire, whose impending ruin would, unless it was timely prevented, crush both the army and the people.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/hst/roman/TheDeclineandFallofTheRomanEmpire-1/chap30.html (3322 words)

	Section XII. Proofs of Jesus Christ. Pascal, Blaise. 1909-14. Thoughts. The Harvard Classics
		2 While the sceptre was still in the hands of the first foreign usurper, there is the report of the coming of Jesus Christ.
		Then the apostles said to the Jews: “You shall be accursed,” (Celsus laughed at it); and to the heathen, “You shall enter into the knowledge of God.” And this then came to pass.
		Jesus Christ came to blind those who saw clearly, and to give sight to the blind; to heal the sick, and leave the healthy to die; to call to repentance, and to justify sinners, and to leave the righteous in their sins; to fill the needy, and leave the rich empty.
	www.bartleby.com /48/1/12.html (4325 words)

	DECLINE & FALL
		In Illyricum and the confines of the Danube, Ingenuus, Regillianus, and Aureolus; in Pontus,(157) Saturninus; in Isauria, Trebellianus; Piso in Thessaly; Valens in Achaia; Aemilianus in Egypt; and Celsus in Africa.
		Yet if we examine with candour the conduct of these usurpers, it will appear that they were much oftener driven into rebellion by their fears than urged to it by their ambition.
		I. Whenever numerous troops of banditti, multiplied by success and impunity, publicly defy, instead of eluding the justice of their country, we may safely infer that the excessive weakness of the government is felt and abused by the lowest ranks of the community.
	matrix.csustan.edu /XLib/History/Decline/volume1/chap10.htm (13045 words)

	The Origin of the Cult of St. Maurice
		One possibility is that he had been trying to persuade it not to accept the usurper Eugenius as their new emperor in 392.
		If they joined with the usurper's forces they would be throwing in their lot with an essentially pagan regime, and would inevitably come into conflict with the undoubtedly Christian regime of the eastern emperor, Theodosius.
		Worse still, the usurper was clearly the puppet of barbarians, non-citizens to whom they owed absolutely no loyalty.
	www.ucc.ie /milmart/maurorig.html (5571 words)

	[No title]
		The French lieutenant in Milan, Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, the embittered enemy of Ludovico, began exercising a vindictive tyranny.
		over the city which had so long accepted the sway of the usurper.
		Great artists were usually exempt from the consequences of political revolutions, and Trivulzio, now or later, commissioned Leonardo to design an equestrian monument to himself.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=40270 (10597 words)

	Marcus Opellius Macrinus
		His reign was an interlude between two groups of two emperors of the same, Severan, dynasty, and although Macrinus was recognized by the Senate, he was eventually regarded as an usurper.
		Diadumenianus fled to the Euphrates but was killed, "having gained nothing from the imperial power but his death at the hands of the soldiers", as the author of the Historia Augusta summarizes.
		Macrinus himself escaped from the battlefield and fled to Rome, hoping to gain support from the Senate and the people, but he was seized in Chalcedon in Bithynia by Aurelius Celsus and taken to Cappadocia, where he was decapitated by Marcianus Taurus.
	www.livius.org /on-oz/opellius/macrinus.html (2166 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
		The last years of the reign of Marcus were saddened by the appearance of a usurper, Avidius Cassius, in the Orient, and by the consciousness that the empire was to fall into unworthy hands when his son Commodus should come to the throne.
		It is clear, however, from the scattered references in contemporary writings (Celsus "In Origen.
		No better proof the tone of the period and of the widespread knowledge of Christian beliefs and practices which prevailed among the pagans is needed than the contemporary "True Word" of Celsus (see O
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02109a.htm (2282 words)

	The Arcane Schools - Part 2 of 7
		Celsus mentions that there was a great ladder of steps, with gates or portals on each, coloured to represent the seven planets as in the turrets of the tower of Babel, {78} and the walls of Ecbatana, but Faber justly thinks that this ladder was a pyramid such as Babel itself.
		The next king was the wise Jemschid, in whose time military accoutrements were fabricated; he built in brick and gave laws, but lost his life at the hands of Zohak, a monstrous usurper of Arabia, but was avenged by Feridun of the Kainian race, one of whose sons slew the other.
		Origen<<"Contra Celsus.">> says: "There are names of a natural virtue, such as those used by the wise-men in Egypt, the Magi in Persia, and the Brachmans in India.
	www.hermetics.org /yarker2.html (12907 words)

	Church Fathers Volume 25
		For as soon as the usurper Procopius, leaving Constantinople, began his march at the head of his army toward the emperor, Valens hastened from Antioch, and came to an engagement with him near a city of Phrygia, called Nacolia.
		Two trees standing near each other being forcibly bowed down, one of the usurper's legs was fastened to each of them, after which the trees being suddenly permitted to recover their erect position, by their rise rent the tyrant into two parts; and thus torn apart the usurper perished.
		SOON after the conclusion of this war, and under the same consulate, (1) a son was born to Valentinian, the emperor in the Western parts, to whom the same name as his father's was given.
	www.catholicfirst.com /thefaith/churchfathers/volume25/socrates2505.cfm (10296 words)

	The Prophecies of Malachy
		In 1119 he was ordained priest by St. Cellach (Celsus), studied under St. Malchus and in 1123 he was elected Abbot of Bangor.
		Pope Alexander refused to submit his clear right to this tribunal, which, as was foreseen, declared for the usurper on the 11th February 1160.
		A straw image of the Pope was publically burned in Rome and on the 12th May a Franciscan monk Pietro was proclaimed antipope by Louis, taking at his consecration the name of Nicholas V. In August 1330 Pietro wrote to Pope John XXII asking for pardon and absolution.
	truecatholic.bizland.com /The_Prophecies_of_Malachy.htm (18282 words)

	Heliogabalus
		She bribed the garrison at Raphanaea, and on 16 May 218, the Third legion Gallica switched its allegiance from "the usurper Macrinus" to the boy Bassianus.
		The defeated monarch fled to Rome, hoping to gain support from the Senate and the people, but he was seized in Chalcedon in Bithynia by Aurelius Celsus and taken to Cappadocia, where he was decapitated by Marcianus Taurus.
		His son Diadumenianus was murdered as well, "having gained nothing from the imperial power but his death at the hands of the soldiers", as the author of the Historia Augusta briefly summarizes.
	www.livius.org /he-hg/heliogabalus/heliogabalus2.html (1716 words)

	The King Fulfills Prophecy--Part 1 - John MacArthur
		Such a "coincidence" was clearly the plan of God, and therefore becomes one of the greatest evidences in all of the Gospel of Matthew to the royalty of Jesus Christ.
		Now let's look at each of these prophecies, which are so specific that they would eliminate any usurper, and, at the same time, confirm the real claimant to the throne, the Lord Himself.
		Celsus is quoted by Origen, the early church father, as asserting that Jesus had been brought up as an illegitimate child, having served for hire in Egypt.
	www.biblebb.com /files/MAC/sg2185.htm (5018 words)

	HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH*
		Under this reign heathenism was for the first time officially designated as paganismus, that is, peasant-religion; because it had almost entirely died out in the cities, and maintained only a decrepit and obscure existence in retired villages.
		Especially in Rome, many of the oldest and most respectable families for a long time still adhered to the heathen traditions, and the city appears to have preserved until the latter part of the fourth century a hundred and fifty-two temples and a hundred and eighty-three smaller chapels and altars of patron deities.
		The triumph, which the heathen party gained under the usurper Eugenius (392–394), lasted but a couple of years; and after his defeat by Theodosius, six hundred of the most distinguished patrician families, the Annii, Probi, Anicii, Olybii, Paulini, Bassi, Gracchi, andc., are said by Prudentius to have gone over at once to the Christian religion.
	ccel.org /s/schaff/history/3_ch01.htm (13928 words)

	History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire (1845) By Edward Gibbon Esq.-Volume 1 Chapter 30- from Nalanda ...
		At the time when the reins of government were held with so loose a hand, it is not surprising, that a crowd of usurpers should start up in every province of the empire against the son of Valerian.
		By delivering Africa from the usurper Celsus, she deserved the title of Augusta.
		A second son of Gallienus succeeded to the name and rank of his elder brother Valerian, the brother of Gallienus, was also associated to the empire: several other brothers, sisters, nephews, and nieces of the emperor formed a very numerous royal family.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/rome/volume1.chapter30.html (5896 words)

	Rome and Romania, Roman Emperors, Byzantine Emperors, etc.
		This episode echoes the attempt of the usurper Constantine in the Fifth Century, though that failed to suppress the Germans in that era and merely served to absorb the attention of Roman forces that could have been better used, in conjunction with those of Constantine himself, against the common enemy.
		With Honorius and Constantius she was buried in the chapel of Saints Nazarius and Celsus in Ravenna.
		After Roman Britain disappeared from history, when the usurper Constantine "III" took his troops to Gaul, Bede's History of the English Church and People is just about the first that we then hear of it, three hundred years later.
	www.friesian.com /romania.htm#firts (14302 words)

	Thirty Tyrants (Roman) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Given the notorious unreliability of the Historia Augusta, the veracity of this list is debatable; there is a scholarly consensus that the author deliberately inflated the number of pretenders in order to parallel the Thirty Tyrants of Athens.
		The Thirty Tyrants listed by the Historia Augusta were: Cyriades, Postumus, Postumus Junior, Laelianus, Victorinus, Victorinus Junior, Marius, Ingenuus, Regalianus, Aureolus, Macrianus, Macrianus Junior, Quietus, Odaenathus, Herodes, Maeonius, Balista, Valens, Valens Superior, Piso, Aemilianus, Saturninus, Tetricus Senior, Tetricus Junior, Trebellianus, Herennianus, Timolaus, Celsus, Zenobia, Victoria (or Vitruvia), Titus, and Censorinus.
		Notwithstanding the author's pretensions regarding the time during which these persons aspired to the throne, this list includes
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thirty_Tyrants_(Roman) (290 words)

	Ebla Forum: View topic - Putting the mystery to rest
		Fertility gods were associated with the earth and had a dual role between human fertility and crop fertility.
		Also, it's important to remember that there were several Baals--most of them storm gods, but a number with significantly different features (warrior, usurper, etc.), not all of which can be related.
		Celsus' take on the issue (Frazer and his categorization) is a bit subjective given that he (celsus) denies even what is evident.
	eblaforum.org /main/viewtopic.php?t=508 (9557 words)

	Triablogue: The confutation of atheism-2
		There is also a difference in the way Celsus, for example, cites them.
		Celsus himself cited the myths of Danae and Antiope is parallels from which he alleges the Christians copied their virgin birth story.
		Yet in both of those, Zeus impregnates the ladies through sex, so we do not have a virgin birth, because the women who give birth are not virgins.
	triablogue.blogspot.com /2005/12/confutation-of-atheism-2.html (11488 words)

	Online Bible Seminars
		This view was the view of the early church fathers as well as a chief opponent of the Gospel, Celsus the Greek Philosopher.
		It is difficult to argue against when the opposers of Christianity confirm that Mary was of the house and lineage of David.
		Yet God legitimized Jesus' claim to the throne through Mary’s lineage, and through her marriage to Joseph whereby she is granted legal rights of inheritance (not the throne).
	www.ministrytoday.org /Seminars/solo-2/002.htm (2915 words)

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