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Topic: The Central Military Commission

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	Central Military Commission - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The state CMC was created by the Constitution of the People's Republic of China in 1982 and was intended to formalize the role of the military within the state structure.
		The Party CMC is elected by Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and is subordinate to the Politburo of the Communist Party of China or Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China.
		Another convention is that the military members of the CMC are generally members of neither the Politburo Standing Committee nor the State Council outside of the Ministry of National Defense, although they all tend to be members of the Communist Party of China and are members of the Central Committee.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Central_Military_Commission (848 words)

	Central Military Commission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Another convention is that the military members of the CMC are generally not members of either the Politburo or the State Council outside of the Ministry of National Defense, although they all tend to be members of the Communist Party of China and are members of the Central Committee.
		The Party CMC by contrast is theoretically subordinate to the Politburo of the Communist Party of China.
		The Chairman of the CMC is often a senior official who has given up his other posts, and the CMC Chairman was held by both Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin after given up their other posts.
	1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/c/ce/central_military_commission.html (567 words)

	Supreme Military Command of the PRC - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, a similar command structure inside the communist party known as the Central Military Commission, whose Chairman was the de facto Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
		From 1969 to 1978, the head of the military was the Chairman of the Central Committee of the CPC.
		From 1978 onwards, the Commander-in-Chief was the Chairman of the CMC.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supreme_Military_Command_of_PRC (284 words)

	Central Military Commission - China Nuclear Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The state Central Military Commission was the state's decision-making body in military affairs and directed and commanded the armed forces.
		The state Central Military Commission consisted of the chairman, who was commander in chief of the armed forces, an executive vice chairman, two vice chairmen, and four other members.
		Military policy originated in the party Political Bureau or the party Central Military Commission, became an operational order at the General Staff Department level, flowed through the military regions, and arrived at a main-force unit.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/china/agency/cmc.htm (343 words)

	China Moving to Untie Its Military-Industrial Knot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Moreover, though Jiang is pushing military reforms in the form of a political campaign that demands compliance, Chinese military officers accustomed to a long history of such campaigns have a well-honed sense of how to adjust to the political line of the day, without actually doing much.
		In the 1980s, with Deng at the helm of China's military, the commission was run like a personal fiefdom of the family of Marshal Nie Rongzhen, a veteran of the Long March, the defining experience for elder leaders of the Communist Party.
		The military commission often overruled or meddled with decisions by the State Council, causing innumerable delays.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/chinknot.htm (1520 words)

	Central Military Commission - China Military Forces
		The Central Military Commission (CMC) is the highest military leading body of the Party under the leadership of the Communist Party of China’s (CPC) Central Committee and is responsible for directing China's 2.5 million strong armed forces.
		The chairman of the CMC is elected by the National People's Congress [NPC], and the choice of other members is decided on by the NPC or its Standing Committee according to the nomination by the chairman of the CMC.
		The creation of the state Central Military Commission in 1982 aimed to further strengthen civilian control over the military by stressing the PLA's role as defender of the state and by establishing another layer of supervision parallel to party supervision.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/china/cmc.htm (1413 words)

	President of the People's Republic of China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In addition, most of the members of both the Party and the State Central Military Commission are uniformed senior generals, giving the People's Liberation Army a degree of autonomy.
		This was not a problem during Mao Zedong's tenure as Head of State due to the fact that he concurrently served as the Chairman of the Central Military Commission.
		In 1989, the President Yang Shangkun was able in cooperation with the then Chairman of the Central Military Commission Deng Xiaoping to use the office of the President to declare martial law in Beijing and order the military crackdown of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
	www.butte-silverbow.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/President_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China (1512 words)

	People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Central People's Government (CPG) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) assumed sovereignty over Hong Kong on 1 July 1997 and stationed a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in Hong Kong to manage its defence affairs.
		Although the garrison has no military significance, the stationing of the PLA troops in the region is a significant symbol of the PRC government's resumption of exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
		Military forces stationed in Hong Kong shall not interfere in the local affairs and the Hong Kong government shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Military_of_Hong_Kong (826 words)

	PR China: regulations defining national export control system for conventional arms
		Military products export corporations should observe the rules of the state department in charge of military products export and honestly provide the documents and information related to their military products export.
		Military products export items are subject to the examination and approval of the state department in charge of military products export or the relevant departments of the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
		Important military products export items and contracts should be jointly examined by the state department in charge of military products export and the relevant departments of the State Council and the Central Military Commission and submitted to the State Council and the Central Military Commission for approval.
	projects.sipri.se /expcon/natexpcon/China/chi366reg.htm (1514 words)

	Central Military Commission Membership
		The Communist Party’s decision to retain Jiang Zemin as the Chairman of the Central Military Commission effectively sustains his channels into the party bureaucracy and guarantees his influence on Chinese politics.
		As the former commander of the Nanjing Military District and a reputed expert on amphibious operations, he will be the one who advises the CMC on any future Taiwan Strait conflict.
		At the enlarged CMC meeting alongside the Fourth Plenary Session of the Communist Party Central Committee in late 2004, the commanders of the navy, air force and missiles forces.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/china/cmc-member.htm (761 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The comments came a day after China announced that the party's Central Committee had accepted Jiang's retirement as chairman of the commission, his last formal position of power, and installed president and party chief Hu in his place.
		The system of one person acting as party chief, state president and head of the Central Military Commission “is not only necessary in such a large party and large nation as ours, it is also the most appropriate method”, he said.
		The transfer of military power at a party plenum that ended yesterday completed a leadership transition that began two years ago at the 16th Party Congress when Hu succeeded Jiang as party general secretary.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1040921/asp/foreign/story_3783977.asp (361 words)

	Who's Who in China's Leadership
		Hu Jintao was elected chairman of the Central Military Commission on September 19, 2004.
		He was a member of the Political Bureau and its Standing Committee, and member of the Secretariat of the 14th and 15th CPC Central Committees and is a member of the Political Bureau and of its Standing Committee, and general secretary of the 16th CPC Central Committee.
		He was elected vice chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee.
	www.china.org.cn /english/PP-e/48915.htm (519 words)

	Top legislature accepts Jiang's resignation(03/08/05)
		Jiang became general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1989 and chairman of the Central Military Commission of the CPC in the same year.
		Deng was both chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission and state Central Military Commission since the position was established in 1982, and it was the same with Jiang.
		The CPC Central Committee said in a communique last year that in the 15 years as he served as chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission, Jiang "grasped the development trends of new military reforms in the world with his great insight" and had enriched the army building ideas.
	www.china-embassy.org /eng/xw/t186412.htm (616 words)

	PRESS COMMUNIQUE OF THE CENTRAL MILITARY COMMISSION, C.P.N. (MAOIST)
		PRESS COMMUNIQUE OF THE CENTRAL MILITARY COMMISSION, C.P.N. This press communique is released according to the decision of the meeting of the Central Military Commission, as directed by the Party centre, to make itself public on the historic occasion of the second anniversary of the initiation of the People's War.
		On this historic occasion of the second anniversary of the People's War and its own first public announcement, the Central Military Commission takes pride in the guerrilla fighters who have laid the foundation of the great people's army through their blood, including guerrilla commander martyrs Com.
		In the end, the Central Military Commission is confident of the increased affection and support from the masses of the people for their guerrilla sons and daughters.
	www.cpnm.org /worker/issue4/w4_statement.htm (757 words)

	Chinese Defence Today :: Central Military Commission (CMC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Therefore the two commissions are practically one body with two identities reporting to the Party’s Central Committee and the National People’s Congress (NPC) respectively.
		IThe CMC is the principal deliberative and decision-making body for all major military and strategic decisions that involve the armed forces in China, though the ultimate decision-making concerning war, armed forces, and national defence is held by the CCP’s Central Committee Politburo.
		The CMC’s General Office, which process all CMC communications and documents and conveys orders and directives to other subordinated organs, is the nerve centre of the entire Chinese armed forces.
	www.sinodefence.com /c4i/command/cmc.asp (493 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Jiang is able to keep his position as the chairman of the Central Military Commission after making his exit from the Politburo Standing Committee, thanks to the precedent set by Deng.
		Deng relinquished his position as the Central Military Commission's chairman after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee in November, 1989.
		Tokugawa was a Japanese military leader and statesman who founded the shogunate in Tokyo (formerly known as Edo) in 1603.
	www.taiwansecurity.org /TT/2002/TT-122302.htm (1468 words)

	Hu takes over as CPC military commission chief
		Hu Jintao succeeded Jiang Zemin as chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) of the Communist Party of China (CPC) at the Fourth Plenum of the 16th CPC Central Committee, which just concluded in Beijing Sunday, September 19.
		In his short yet emotional speech, Jiang first thanked the Party Central Committee for accepting his resignation from the post of CMC chairman, and then extended "heartfelt gratitude" to all comrades of the Party for their support for him all these years.
		In a letter to the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee dated Sept. 1, Jiang formally requested to resign the CMC chairmanship, saying that he "had always looked forward to the complete retirement from leading positions" for the good of the long-term development of the cause of the Party and the people.
	www2.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2004-09/19/content_375772.htm (918 words)

	Jiang tells military not to renounce use of force on Taiwan -DAWN - International; 21 September, 2004
		BEIJING, Sept 20: China's freshly retired military leader Jiang Zemin threw his weight behind his successor Hu Jintao on Monday and advised the armed forces never to renounce the use of force to reclaim Taiwan.
		Jiang, shown on China Central Television wearing a military uniform without insignia, said the military should never drop the threat of force to reclaim Taiwan, which Beijing considers part of China's sovereign territory.
		Jiang called Hu the right candidate to lead the military's commanding body and said everyone should support the party's decision to make Hu chairman of the military commission and "resolutely support his work".
	www.dawn.com /2004/09/21/int9.htm (432 words)

	China State and Party Central Military Commissions - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current ...
		These reforms included the creation of the state Central Military Commission parallel to the party Central Military Commission, reduction in force, reorganization of military regions, formation of group armies, enactment of the new Military Service Law, and reorganization of defense industries.
		The 1982 state Constitution created the state Central Military Commission as the state organ subordinate to the National People's Congress responsible for "directing the country's armed forces" (see Central Military Commission, ch.
		The party Central Military Commission, elected by the party Central Committee, exercised de facto, authoritative policy-making and operational control over the military.
	www.photius.com /countries/china/economy/china_economy_state_and_party_cent~1031.html (362 words)

	Thanhnien News
		Jiang, 78, resigned from the chairmanship of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) last September, and was succeeded by Hu Jintao.
		Hu Jintao, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, is expected to succeed Jiang as chairman of the State Central Military Commission.
		Jiang became chairman of the CMC of the CPC in November 1989, and chairman of the State CMC in 1990.
	thanhniennews.com /print.php?catid=9&newsid=5359 (314 words)

	People's Guerrilla Army - Left Wing Extremism, India, South Asia Terrorism Portal
		The military wing of the People’s War Group (PWG), the People’s Guerrilla Army (PGA) was reportedly founded on December 2, 2000 in Bihar and Jharkhand and a month later, on January 2, 2001, in Andhra Pradesh, somewhere in dense Dandakaranya forests in the North Telengana Region, by reorganising its guerrilla force.
		It is styled on the pattern of similar guerrilla forces in Turkey, the Philippines and Peru, the PWG said in a statement at the founding of the PGA.
		In the PGA, there are military platoons at the district or division level, sometimes a special guerrilla squad (SGS) in districts that do not have a military platoon, and local guerrilla squads (LGS) that have limited operational jurisdiction stretching across a cluster of villages.
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/countries/india/terroristoutfits/peoples_guerrilla_arms_left_wing_extremists.htm (466 words)

	PoliticsState OrgansThe Constitution of the People' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Central Military Commission of the Communist Party and the Central Military Commission of the State are the leading organs of the nation's armed forces.
		The Chairman of the Central Military Commission is elected by the NPC, and the selection of other members are decided by the NPC and its Standing Committee after nominated by the Chairman.
		The State Central Military Commission follows the system of Chairman responsibility in work, while the Chairman is responsible for the NPC, and has the right to make the final decision on affairs within its functions and powers.
	www.chinatoday.com /general/a04.htm (1588 words)

	China - Central Military Commission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The CCP's Central Military Commission is also elected by the Central Committee and exercises authority over the military through the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army (PLA).
		Since 1982 the party Central Military Commission has had a counterpart organization in the state Central Military Commission.
		Nevertheless, because the party Central Military Commission reports directly to the powerful Central Committee, it is the authoritative body in matters of military policy.
	countrystudies.us /china/104.htm (80 words)

	People's Daily Online -- 4th Plenum of 16th CPC Central Committee
		Hu Jintao, chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, delivers an important speech at an enlarged meeting of the CPC Central Military Commission (CMC) held in Beijing Sept. 20, 2004.
		Jiang Zemin, former chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, delivers an important speech at an enlarged meeting of the CPC Central Military Commission (CMC) held in Beijing Sept. 20, 2004.
		Hu Jintao succeeded Jiang Zemin as chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) of the Communist Party of China (CPC) at the Fourth Plenum of the 16th CPC Central Committee.
	english.peopledaily.com.cn /zhuanti/Zhuanti_420.html (492 words)

	Jiang & the Army: An Increase in the Membership of the Central Military Commission [Free Republic]
		As members of both the CCP Central Military Commission and the PRC Central Military Commission have always been the same, there was a concord reshuffling of the PRC Central Military Commission at a standing committee meeting of the National People's Congress held in November of the same year.
		The third implication of the CMC's reshuffling is the forthcoming personnel reshuffling in the army.
		Since the CMC members are usually composed of the vice-chairmen of the CMC and directors of the PLA's four general departments, those who have been assigned a CMC membership generally will be given the post of director of these general departments.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3b2594495326.htm (3558 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Asia / China's Jiang Backs Hu, Threatens Force on Taiwan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		China's newly retired military leader Jiang Zemin threw his weight behind his successor Hu Jintao Monday and advised the armed forces never to renounce the use of force to re-claim Taiwan.
		BEIJING (Reuters) - China's newly retired military leader Jiang Zemin threw his weight behind his successor Hu Jintao Monday and advised the armed forces never to renounce the use of force to re-claim Taiwan.
		The transfer of military power at a party plenum that ended Sunday completed a leadership transition that began two years ago at the 16th Party Congress when Hu succeeded Jiang as party general secretary.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2004/09/20/chinas_jiang_backs_hu_threatens_force_on_taiwan?mode=PF (542 words)

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