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Topic: Centre Against Expulsions

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Federation of Expellees

Erika Steinbach

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Expulsion of Germans after World War II

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	Centre Against Expulsions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zentrum gegen Vertreibungen, ZgV) is a planned German documentation centre for expulsions and ethnic cleansing, particularly the Expulsion of Germans after World War II from Eastern Germany and other parts of Eastern Europe following the Soviet occupation, to be erected in Berlin.
		The foundation Centre Against Expulsions with seat in Wiesbaden is headed by the CDU politician Erika Steinbach and the SPD politician Peter Glotz.
		The Centre Against Expulsions have been supported by many human rights activists, historians, political scientists and authors as well as other people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Centre_Against_Expulsions (367 words)

	Zentrum gegen Vertreibungen
		It declares its solidarity with all victims of expulsion and genocide.
		Alongside the expulsion of the Germans, the displacement of the eastern Poles by Stalin and also that of the Hungarians by Bene took place in the post-war period.
		The prize may be awarded to individuals as well as to initiatives or groups who have turned against the breaching of human rights by genocide, displacement and the deliberate destruction of national, ethnic or religious groups.
	www.z-g-v.de /english/aktuelles?id=35 (844 words)

	pace news
		In this sense, the Centre should be an instrument to prevent future conflicts, promote the respect of human rights and in particular the rights of national minorities, and contribute to the fight against intolerance, racism and discrimination.
		The centre could be funded either with financial support from the various governments involved in the project or with assistance from existing interested foundations.
		The International Red Cross Museum deals with the issues of expulsions and ethnic cleansing by organising a number of exhibitions on the fate of the displaced victims and is thus a key partner for the establishment of this centre.
	assembly.coe.int /ASP/APFeaturesManager/defaultArtSiteView.asp?ArtId=65 (4139 words)

	Refugee Aid
		Expulsion campaigns, long trains of refugees and reception camps are elements of a European drama in the 20th century.
		This is the essential prerequisite if the centre is to achieve the purpose of joint commemoration by all Europeans of the fate of the people affected by expulsions.
		A centre against expulsions should therefore also contribute to the objective of rejecting the creation of ethnically homogeneous zones, regions, towns and states as a legitimate political instrument.
	www.helsinki.org.yu /refugee_detail.php?lang=en&idgnrc=753 (846 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: History of the Jews
		The struggle was a hard one against the numerous armies of Antiochus V and Demetrius I, the next Syrian kings; yet it was heroically maintained, with varying success, by Judas until his death on the battlefield (161 B.C.).
		Gradually, the Lateran decrees against them were enforced wherever this was possible, and active persecutions from kings and crusaders were started, the rulers of England being particularly conspicuous for their extortions of money from their Jewish subjects.
		Anna Ivanowa (1739) decreed their expulsion from Little Russia, and Elizabeth (1741-1762) harshly enforced anti-Jewish measures; and finally, in England, the Jews were simply tolerated as aliens, and a naturalization act, which was passed by both Houses and ratified by George II (1753), was actually repealed (1754) owing to the nation's opposition to it.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08386a.htm (12637 words)

	BHHRG
		The network is a government response to the “Centre against Expulsions” which the German President of the Union of Expellees, Erika Steinbach, and the SPD politician, Peter Glotz, have created.
		It said that the whole sorry business of expulsion (mainly of Germans from territory ceded to Poland in 1945, and from the West of Czechoslovakia) should be researched, but that the issue should not be used to divide countries, still less as a basis for compensation claims.
		The “Centre against Expulsions” is also going to organise an exhibition in 2006 in Berlin on “a century of expulsions”.
	www.bhhrg.org /mediaDetails.asp?ArticleID=8 (563 words)

	Interviews - "What have we done to ourselves?" - Interview given on 28 August 2003 by Federal Foreign Minister Fischer ...
		They were expropriated and discriminated against twice over: first as members of the German minority and then - under communism - as members of their class.
		If we as a nation want to remember the expulsions, it cannot be done by creating a memorial to the expellees, it must be a project that explores the theme of German self-destruction.
		If the focus is to be "against expulsion", then it has to be placed in a European context, it cannot be a national project.
	www.auswaertigesamt.de /www/en/ausgabe_archiv?archiv_id=4795 (1691 words)

	[No title]
		Against that difficult background, the Georgian government has committed itself to build a democratic system, to reform its legislative framework and to improve its human rights standards and monitoring mechanisms.
		In the light of the documented practice of torture against children in police custody exposed in chapter 4, it is clear that the provisions of the Constitution are being routinely violated.
		According to the UN Committee Against Torture, conditions in adult prisons are “unacceptable, which may violate the rights of persons deprived of their liberty as contained in article 16” of the CAT.
	www.omct.org /pdf/cc/GeorgiaCRCReport.en.doc (7054 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| WWII expulsions spectre lives on
		The main aim of the League is the establishment of a centre dedicated to remembering those expelled across Europe, which would house a permanent exhibition on the fate of the ethnic Germans.
		"The centre against expulsion would be a place dedicated to truth, not to the perversion of history and the corruption of facts," she said, noting that the centre would finally endow the expelled and their families with a sense of identity.
		But while Mr Grass may have qualms about establishing a centre for the expelled in Berlin, he believes an open discussion is essential if German suffering during those years is not to become the preserve of the nationalist right.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/3528506.stm (736 words)

	Eurozine - Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On one hand, the memory of Nazism becomes part of a general memory of crimes against humanity in the twentieth century: it is universalised and losses its particular or specific quality.
		While its Centre Against Expulsions does not deny that Nazi aggression was the cause of the later expulsions, it seeks to avoid the criticism of being solely preoccupied with Germans as victims by tying their fate to the history of expulsion worldwide in the twentieth century.
		The association cannot be accused of trying to offset the suffering of the Nazis' victims against the suffering of the expelled Germans but, despite attempts to internationalise, concentration on the fate of its own people leads to a "competition of victims", the phrase coined by the Belgian historian Jean Michel Chaumont.
	www.eurozine.com /article/2005-06-23-semler-en.html (2137 words)

	Centre Against Expulsions - Encyclopedia, History and Biography
		Zentrum gegen Vertreibungen, ZgV) is a planned documentation centre for expulsions and ethnic cleansing, particularly the Expulsion of Germans after World War II from Eastern Germany and other parts of Eastern Europe following the Soviet occupation, to be erected in Berlin.
		In the petition "For a critical and enlightened debate about the past (http://www.bohemistik.de/zentrumgb.html)" historians expressed concerns the centre would establish and popularize a one-sided image of the past, without historical context.
		Among them Nobel laureate Imre Kertész, Joachim Gauck, former Austrian crown prince Otto von Habsburg, well known German rabbiner Walter Homolka, Eckart Klein, Guido Knopp, György Konrád, Hans Maier, Christian Tomuschat and Alfred M. de Zayas.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Centre_Against_Expulsions (366 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Warsaw, aug. 29: A Centre Against Expulsions in memory of wartime forced resettlements is a worthwhile idea but it should be European in character and serve reconcilement between nations, Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski said Friday on a Polish Radio One programme.
		The idea raised opposition in Poland, where it is believed such a centre could serve to relativize the historic truth about the causes and events of world war two.
		He said that he considered it „understandable” that Germans expelled from Poland after the war wanted some sort of compensation for their sufferings, even in a memorial form, but insisted that they „shouldn’t forget who started the war and who was responsible for its tragedies, the human slaughter and the Holocaust”.
	www.polishembassy.ca /news_details.asp?nid=129 (245 words)

	ipedia.com: British House of Commons Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Expulsion, however, does not prevent an individual from running for election again.
		This is the case ethical issues like the death penalty, abortion etc. MPs representing the majority party occasionally may also vote against their party in large numbers where there is widespread discontent among backbenchers over the government's policies.
		Smaller rebellions, in which only a handful of back benchers vote against their party, are more common when the Government has a very large majority.
	www.ipedia.com /british_house_of_commons.html (4385 words)

	Relaxation, holidays, tours and hotels with www.Kurort-Servis.ru
		The party promised to back the idea of a centre against expulsions in Berlin, forced through by the expellees' leader Erica Steinbach.
		In Angela Merkel's opinion the Berlin centre should be a part of an international network of such institutions, made up of centers created for example in the south-western Polish city of Wroclaw or in Sarajevo in the Balkans.
		The projected centre against expulsions in Berlin has been fiercely criticized in Poland, which says that it should be remembered who started the war in the first place.
	www.kurort-servis.ru /article-97582-en.html (624 words)

	Encyclopedia: Centre Against Expulsions
		After World War II terms, expulsion was a euphemism for ethnic cleansing of territories settled by Germans.
		The Bund der Vertriebenen (BdV) (German for Federation of Expellees) is a non-profit organization formed to represent the interests of Germans displaced from their homes in Historical Eastern Germany and other parts of Eastern Europe by the expulsion of Germans after World War II.
		Imre KertÃ©sz (born November 9, 1929) is Jewish-Hungarian author, Holocaust concentration camp survivor, and winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2002 for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Centre-Against-Expulsions (1164 words)

	Freenations
		Kvasnievski was particularly concerned with the debate about a "Centre against Expulsions".
		In contrast Kvasnievski called attention to the previously uncontested legality of the Potsdam Treaty and related agreements, on which the resettlement of Germans were based.
		expulsions (...) brings us inexorably close to the suspicion that we have to deal with an attempt to revise the historical assessment of German aggression in comparison with others".
	www.freenations.freeuk.com /gc-51.html (335 words)

	Church of Ireland Gazette - World News - 17th October 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Canon 8 of the Anglican Church of Canada, ‘The Discipline of Bishops and Clergy’, says the metropolitan may investigate charges against a bishop, then a board of inquiry may be named.
		A prominent Polish church leader has censured plans for a Berlin centre to commemorate millions of ethnic Germans who were expelled from Eastern Europe during World War II, and has offered to help mediate over the issue.
		The planned Centre Against Expulsions in the German capital would commemorate twelve million Germans deported from countries like Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary in 1945-47 with the consent of the victorious Allied powers, in an operation to seal the region’s newly drawn borders.
	gazette.ireland.anglican.org /171003/world171003.htm (812 words)

	Poland's Bilateral Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Among the topics discussed were: the fight against international terrorism, the situation in the Near and Middle East, NATO transformation, expansion of relations with Russia and Ukraine, European Union enlargement, the necessity of reinforcing the transatlantic link, and an international tender for procurement of a multi-role aircraft for Poland's air force.
		Controversy was aroused by matters relating to the post-war dislocations of population and expropriations, not least statements by Edmund Stoiber, the premier of Bavaria and Christian Democrat candidate for chancellor, at the June Congress of the Landsmannschaft Ostpreussen ("East Prussian countrymen") in Leipzig.
		Against expectations from some candidate countries, however, France did not intend to act as the champion of enlargement.
	www.sprawymiedzynarodowe.pl /yearbook/2003/bilateral.html (19367 words)

	pace news
		Strasbourg, 29.10.2004 - The creation of a centre to commemorate the victims of expulsions and mass deportations in Europe - and to help prevent them ever happening again - is to be discussed by parliamentarians, historians and experts in international law during a public seminar in Geneva on 4 November.
		He has proposed a centre intented to focus exclusively on deportations, forced transfers and resettlements of large groups of people "caused by a deliberate policy decision", including for ethnic reasons.
		The hearing, which is open to the press, takes place Room B of the Varembé Conference Centre, 15 rue de Varembé, Geneva (9 a.m.
	assembly.coe.int /ASP/APFeaturesManager/defaultArtSiteView.asp?ArtId=69 (251 words)

	Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Addressing the gathering Pastusiak stressed that the current discussion on the Centre against Expulsions was also a negative result of the war.
		Speaking about the plans to open the centre the PM said that if it was to be set up it must have a European character and take into account the tragic fate of many European nations.
		Miller said that the idea of the centre should serve „reconciliation between nations, and not putting forward new demands.” He also said that „commemoration of the expulsions, deportations and resettlements should be truly European in character and be carefully prepared.”
	www.polandembassy.org /News/Biuletyny_news/p2003-09-02.htm (1718 words)

	Establishment of the Centre for European Nations’ Remembrance under the auspices of the Council of Europe
		This Centre, in its proposed objectives, would document the sufferings of German people, displaced as the outcome of the Second World War from the Central, East and South European countries.
		The Assembly draws attention to the fact that the decision on these displacements was taken by the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union during the Potsdam Conference.
		The Assembly believes that such a Centre ought to have a wide-reaching, multinational character and function under the auspices of the Council of Europe.
	assembly.coe.int /Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc03/EDOC9945.htm (415 words)

	noborder.org \| News of the action day in France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The community council adopted a will against the construction, but for this type of building, their advice is only a consultative one.
		The retention centre of Palaiseau is supposed to replace the one in Choisy-le-Roi (another suburb of Paris) which is supposed to be closed within two years.
		Sangatte is refugee centre run by the Red Cross closed to the Northern port of Calais and to the end of the tunnel under the Channel.
	lola.d-a-s-h.org /~paul/item_archive.php?id=66 (583 words)

	imperatores (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Their Stoic views were probably the cause of Domitian's expulsions of "philosophers" from Rome on two occasions.
		It comprised a porticoed square in the centre of which stood a colossal equestrian statue of the emperor.
		Trajan's second major war was against the Parthians, Rome's traditional enemy in the east.
	www.the-colosseum.net /history/imperatores.htm (3461 words)

	Centre Against Expulsions Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Centre Against Expulsions Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography
		Looking For centre against expulsions - Find centre against expulsions and more at Lycos Search.
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	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Centre_Against_Expulsions (538 words)

	University of Minnesota Human Rights Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Expulsion is the decision (Royal Decree) whereby the King may remove from the territory an alien permanently resident in
		The expulsion measure is notified by the Ministry of the Interior (Directorate-General of the Aliens Office), or on its instructions by a law enforcement officer.
		Against a person who is particularly vulnerable on account of pregnancy, illness, disability or a physical or mental handicap;
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/cat/belgium2002.html (6286 words)

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