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Topic: Centriole

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	Cell Organelles: Centrosome and Centrioles
		Within an animal cell centrosome there is a pair of small organelles, the centrioles, each made up of a ring of nine groups of microtubules.
		The two centrioles are arranged such that one is perpendicular to the other.
		The two centrosomes move to opposite ends of the nucleus, and from each centrosome, microtubules grow into a "spindle" which is responsible for separating replicated chromosomes into the two daughter cells.
	www.cellsalive.com /cells/centriol.htm (160 words)

	centriole
		Each centriole is composed of cylinders of nine triplet microtubules in a ring.
		Centrioles occur in pairs arranged at right angles to each other at the center of a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) or centrosome.
		A centriole is similar in structure to the basal body found at the base of eukaryotic cilia and flagella and organizes the axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and other proteins forming the core of each cilium or flagellum.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/C/centriole.html (181 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Centriole (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An associated pair of centrioles, spatially arranged at right-angles, constitutes the compound structure known to cell biologists as the centrosome.
		If the centrioles are used in forming motility organelles, flagella or cilia, the older of the two centrioles, the mother centriole, becomes the basal body which organizes the structure of the organelle.
		Centrioles are also believed to organized the pericentrile material along with γ-tubulin to construct the centrosome of the cell, the non-membraneous organelle that anchores the kinetochore and nonkinetochore microtubules during mitosis and meiosis.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Centriole (677 words)

	Centriole
		The walls of centrioles are composed of nine triplets of microtubules, each arranged at a right angle (so when looking down the tube, one end of the triplet pair points slightly out and the other end points slightly inwards).
		In animal cells as well as certain algae and fungi, there exists a pair of centrioles arranged perpendicularly to each other; these are known as diplosomes, and the region they are located in (close to the nucleus) is known as the centrosome.
		Centrioles are important in the cell division process, organizing the spindle upon which the chromosomes are pulled apart.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/c/ce/centriole.html (161 words)

	Centriole: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		...Centriole Centriole A centriole in biology is a hollow cylindrical organelle....
		The walls of centrioles are composed of nine triplets of microtubules, each arranged at an...
		During prophase, the two...microtubules), the centrioles push apart to opposite ends of the cell nucleus.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ce/Centriole.html (273 words)

	Centriole Summary
		Centrioles also are related in both structure and function to basal bodies—the structures that anchor cilia and flagella at the periphery of many cells.
		Centrioles are important in the cell division process, organizing the mitotic spindle upon which the chromosomes are pulled apart.
		The centriole or basal body acts as the base of the flagellum, from which nine doublet or triplet microtubules of the flagellar axoneme are templated from the original 9 + 2 microtubule organization of that centriole.
	www.bookrags.com /Centriole (743 words)

	Biology: The cell Centriole
		The centriole is important in the formation of cilia or flagella, then it is called a basal body are typically thought in relation to cilium or flagellum, where as, centrioles are associated with the cytoskeleton.
		Centrioles are surrounded by a densely staining material pericentriolar material, this is where most of the microtubules arise from, also in cells without centrioles, the microtubules are organized from this densely stained material.
		Centrioles as mentioned earlier are often known for their role in cell division.
	en.allexperts.com /q/Biology-664/cell-Centriole.htm (445 words)

	Faculty > Cellbio
		While the function of the daughter centriole during interphase is not known, the mother centriole functions as a microtubule organization center for the cell and transforms into the basal body giving rise to the cells single cilium.
		The transformation of the centriole into a basal body includes: i, daughter centriole matured to a mother centriole, ii, produce basal body accessory structures, iii, migrate to the plasma membrane, and iv, dock to the cell membrane.
		Centrioles, basal bodies and cilia are not required for fly development and unlike in other organisms do not result in early organismal lethality or cell death, however they do participate in the same cellular processes as in humans.
	cellbio.med.harvard.edu /faculty/avidorreiss (1059 words)

	Centriole - ResearchID.org
		An associated pair of centrioles, spatially arranged at right-angles, constitutes the compound structure known to cell biologists as the centrosome.
		If the centrioles are used in forming motility organelles, flagella or cilia, the older of the two centrioles, the mother centriole, becomes the basal body which organizes the structure of the organelle.
		Centrioles are also believed to organize the pericentrile material along with γ-tubulin to construct the centrosome of the cell, the non-membraneous organelle that anchors the kinetochore and nonkinetochore microtubules during mitosis and meiosis.
	www.researchintelligentdesign.org /wiki/Centriole (388 words)

	Definition of centriole - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Learn more about "centriole" and related topics at Britannica.com
		Find more about "centriole" instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "centriole" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=centriole (71 words)

	The Cytoskeleton
		Centrioles are built from a cylindrical array of 9 microtubules, each of which has attached to it 2 partial microtubules.
		The photo (courtesy of E. deHarven) is an electron micrograph showing a cross section of a centriole with its array of nine triplets of microtubules.
		Thus centriole replication — like DNA replication (which is occurring at the same time) — is semiconservative.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Cytoskeleton.html (1666 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The centrioles are constructed of nine microtubule triplets.
		However, centrioles are not essential for cell division because when broken down with a laser in cells that do not have them, those cells can still divide normally.
		Centrioles are also believed to organize the pericentrile material along with Î³-tubulin to construct the centrosome of the cell, the non-membraneous organelle that anchors the kinetochore and nonkinetochore microtubules during mitosis and meiosis.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=centriole (333 words)

	Centrosome-Dependent Exit of Cytokinesis in Animal Cells -- Piel et al. 291 (5508): 1550 Data Supplement - Supplemental ...
		First, the mother centriole and the midbody come close to one another; second, the bridge narrows on both sides of the midbody; and third, the mother centriole leaves the midbody region and the bridge cuts.
		Centrioles are also indicated at key points by a large white star for the mother centriole and a small white star for the daughter centriole.
		In both cells, the mother centriole seems to be at the center of diverging rectilinear bundles of microtubules.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/291/5508/1550/DC1 (960 words)

	Curious Organelle, Unsuspected Function
		Centrioles are difficult to see by standard light microscopy, so Piel et al made use of the fluorescent tag green fluorescent protein (GFP).
		Splitting of the centriole pair has previously been observed under certain experimental conditions or in specialised cell types, but what the work of Piel et al implies is that centriolar excursions are a normal event during a considerable portion of the cell cycle.
		Why one centriole should roam the cell after completion of cell division is unknown, as is the mechanism underpinning these movements.
	flatrock.org.nz /topics/science/centrioles_go_for_a_stroll.htm (3626 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| A mutation in the centriole-associated protein centrin causes genomic instability via ...
		Although the localization of centrioles within the centrosome together with their precise duplication prior to mitosis has suggested a role in bipolar spindle assembly or function, the actual role of centrioles in cell division remains unclear and controversial.
		Centrin is found in all eukaryotes, and is localized to centrioles in vertebrate cells [4], basal bodies in green algae [5], and spindle pole bodies (SPBs) in yeast [6,7].
		Importantly, the centrioles in a vfl2 mutant cell are not located at the spindle poles [19], consistent with ultrastructural studies showing that, in green algae, centrioles are joined to the spindle poles by centrin-based fibers derived from the rhizoplast [20].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1741-7007/3/15 (3829 words)

	function of centriole (function of centrioe) information. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		division one centriole moves to opposite sides of the cell and may function in..
		Another postulated function of centrioles is that of a cilia and/or..
		Centriole disassembly in vivo and its effect on centrosome.
	bwsot.translation-directory.com /f/function_of_centriole.html (188 words)

	Cilia, flagella, and centrioles
		Cilia and flagella are organized from centrioles that move to the cell periphery.
		This figure shows an electron micrograph of a pair of centrioles and the cartoon compares the cross section of a cilium with that of a centriole.
		Centrioles organize the spindle apparatus on which the chromosomes move during mitosis.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/cilia.htm (718 words)

	Anomalous centriole configurations are detected in Drosophila wing disc cells upon Cdk1 inactivation -- Vidwans et al. ...
		The wider distribution of daughter centriole lengths in ts discs is reflected in the higher average: 114 nm compared with 70 nm in wild-type.
		centriole is immature and is arranged perpendicular to the daughter.
		All the centriole triplets are oriented with the mother on the left, the daughter to the right and the granddaughter to the top or bottom.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/116/1/137 (3910 words)

	Biology4Kids.com: Cell Structure: Centrioles
		A centriole is a small set of microtubules arranged in a specific way.
		The centrioles are found in pairs and move towards the poles (opposite ends) of the nucleus when it is time for cell division.
		During prophase, the centrioles move to opposite ends of the nucleus and a mitotic spindle of threads begins to appear.
	www.biology4kids.com /files/cell_centriole.html (308 words)

	Cell division
		Centriole protein required for centriole assembly; incorporated into centrioles during their assembly and does not subsequently exchange with the cytoplasmic pool; partial depletion leads to the formation of defective centrioles that recruit less than wild-type levels of PCM.
		Centriole protein required for centriole assembly; physically interacts with SAS-6; centriolar SAS-5 shuttles continuously between centrioles and the cytoplasm; requires ZYG-1 and SAS-6, but not SAS-4 to localize to centrioles; required for the localization of SAS-4 and SAS-6 to centrioles.
		Centriole protein required for centriole assembly; like SAS-4, is recruited to centrioles once per cell cycle and does not subsequently exchange; physically interacts with SAS-5; requires ZYG-1 and SAS-5, but not SAS-4 to be recruited to centrioles; required for the localization of SAS-4 and SAS-5.
	www.wormbook.org /chapters/www_celldivision/celldivision.html (5799 words)

	The de novo centriole assembly pathway in HeLa cells: cell cycle progression and centriole assembly/maturation -- La ...
		The centrioles in the sister cell that inherited a normal centrosome (bottom) exhibit expected behavior, because they replicate (D) and then are properly distributed between the daughter cells after mitosis (E).
		This centriole replicated once during the first cell cycle, and the resulting diplosome was distributed to one of the progeny during second mitosis.
		Centriole disassembly in vivo and its effect on centrosome structure and function in vertebrate cells.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/168/5/713 (6386 words)

	Biochemistry New Faculty-Marshall
		This work is motivated by the fact that centrioles are thought to be critical for proper cell division and chromosome segregation, and abnormalities of centriole number are a common feature of cancer cells.
		The most general approach to understanding centriole duplication and its regulation is to identify mutants with defects in centriole number.
		In order to determine the role of centrioles in cell division in greater detail, my lab will apply four-dimensional microscopy along with genetic assays for chromosome segregation, to analyze cell division in a variety of mutants with different defects in centriole number and structure.
	biochemistry.ucsf.edu /marshall.html (592 words)

	Centriole replication.
		The centrosome consists of a centriole pair and associated matrix (green).
		During S phase, a daughter centriole begins to grow near the base of each mother centriole and at a right angle to it.
		The two centriole pairs remain close together in a single centrosomal complex until the beginning of M phase (see Figure 18-7), when the complex splits in two and the two halves begin to separate.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?db=Books&rid=mboc4.figgrp.3342 (120 words)

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