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Topic: Cerebellar vermis

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	Arch Neurol -- Isolated Gait Ataxia Due to Cerebellar Vermis Infarct, September 2004, Muley and Bushara 61 (9): 1461
		Arch Neurol -- Isolated Gait Ataxia Due to Cerebellar Vermis Infarct, September 2004, Muley and Bushara 61 (9): 1461
		of the rostral vermis (in the territory of the medial branches
		Infarcts of the medial branches of the superior cerebellar artery
	archneur.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/extract/61/9/1461 (160 words)

	Cerebellum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cerebellar white matter may be a third germinal zone in the cerebellum; however, its function as a germinal zone is controversial.
		The four deep cerebellar nuclei are in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter.
		In the cerebellum, the PICA supplies blood to the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum, the inferior cerebellar peduncle, the nucleus ambiguus, the vagus motor nucleus, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the solitary nucleus, and the vestibulocochlear nuclei.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cerebellum (4091 words)

	MedFriendly.com: Cerebellar ataxia
		The cerebellar peduncles are bundles of nerve fibers that connect the brainstem with the peduncles.
		Cerebellar ataxia is caused by a disruption in the transmission of nerve signals to the cerebellum, which affects coordination and muscle reactions.
		The cerebellar vermis is a narrow, worm shaped structure in between both sides of the cerebellum.
	www.medfriendly.com /cerebellarataxia.html (1344 words)

	eMedicine - Dandy-Walker Malformation : Article by Lutfi Incesu, MD
		The condition is characterized by agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and enlargement of the posterior fossa.
		The inferior vermian branches of the PICA are absent.
		Note abnormal cerebellar vermis in association with a posterior fossa cyst (arrow) and splaying of the cerebellar hemispheres.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic206.htm (4450 words)

	remfractal.mclean.org:8080/vermis.html
		Abnormally high resting blood flow in the cerebellar vermis of supine ADHD children and survivors of child abuse imaged at Mclean Hospital appears to be associated with a greater incidence of psychiatric symptoms such as behavioral hyperactivity, inattention and LSCL-33 scores in these subjects.
		Therefore, the vermis of the cerebellum may form an important locus of the developmental psychopathology and neuropharmacology of childhood abuse and hyperactivity.
		· The anterior cerebellar vermis (ACV) bilaterally influences dopamine release in the basal ganglia, amygdala and accumbens (Snider and Maiti 1976; Snider, Maiti et al.
	remfractal.mclean.org /vermis.html (1309 words)

	Cerebellum Summary
		The cerebellar white matter may be a third germinal zone in the cerebellum; however, its function as a germinal zone is controversial.
		These structural relationships are generally maintained in the neuronal connections between the nuclei and associated cerebellar cortex, with the dentate nucleus receiving most of its connections from the lateral hemispheres, the interposed nuclei receiving inputs mostly from the paravermis, and the fastigial nucleus receiving primarily afferents from the vermis.
		In the cerebellum, the PICA supplies blood to the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum, the inferior cerebellar peduncle, the nucleus ambiguus, the vagus motor nucleus, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the solitary nucleus, and the vestibulocochlear nuclei.
	www.bookrags.com /Cerebellum (4904 words)

	Analysis and Classification of Cerebellar Malformations -- Patel and Barkovich 23 (7): 1074 -- American Journal of ...
		Dandy-Walker malformation with cerebellar dysplasia in a 4-month-old infant.
		Cerebellar dysplasia in a neonate with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
		the cerebellar cortex migrate tangentially from the germinal
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/23/7/1074 (7413 words)

	Cerebellum - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Some of the notable achievements have been Cerebellatron [1], Cerebellar Model Associative Memory or CMAC networks [2] and Spikeforce [3] for robotic movement control.
		Fine EJ, Ionita CC, Lohr L. The History of the development of the cerebellar examination.
		Kim SG, Ugurbil K, Strick PL. Activation of a cerebellar output nucleus during cognitive processing.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Cerebellum (3946 words)

	cerebellar disorders
		Hemispheric cerebellar syndromes are characterized by incoordination of the limbs.
		The diagnosis of a cerebellar disorder is usually made by a neurologist, and is usually straightforward.
		In the Dandy-Walker syndrome (not to be confused with "Dandy's" syndrome, indicating bilateral vestibular loss), there is partial or complete agenesis of the cerebellar vermis, cystic formation of the posterior fossa communicationg with the fourth ventricle, and hydrocephalus.
	www.dizziness-and-balance.com /disorders/central/cerebellar/cerebellar.htm (1564 words)

	Article 1
		Microstimulation of the oculomotor vermis and the ventromedial portion of the FN evokes saccades which differ in their directions, with vermal stimulation resulting in ipsilateral and FN stimulation resulting in contralateral saccades [22].
		When the cerebellar stimulation was applied 75- 130ms after the onset of the visual target, the counterfeit impulses sometimes triggered impending visuallyguided saccades prematurely.
		Microstimulation studies on monkeys have shown that the cerebellar cortex which is related to saccadic function is located in lobules VIc and VII of the vermis.
	www.opt.indiana.edu /Noda/article1.html (5117 words)

	Absent pituitary gland and hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis associated with partial ophthalmoplegia and postaxial ...
		The posterior fossa was mainly occupied by the cerebellar
		The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a cleft because the posterior lobe of the vermis is absent.
		of the cerebellar vermis, and absent pituitary gland on MRI.
	jmg.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/36/2/161 (2909 words)

	The isthmic neuroepithelium is essential for cerebellar midline fusion -- Louvi et al. 130 (22): 5319 -- Development
		Cerebellar midline fusion and variations in the expression of roof plate markers at the MHB junction.
		The fourth drawing illustrates the medial retraction of the cerebellar cortex in perinatal mice and the growth of the velum medullaris.
		Involvement of the dorsal isthmus in cerebellar morphogenesis
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/130/22/5319 (7329 words)

	MedFriendly.com: Cerebellar vermis
		Specifically, the cerebellar vermis compares the intended motor command that originated in the brain versus the sensations it receives from the spine.
		The cerebellar vermis then helps correct the movements to make sure that the motor command is performed according to plan.
		The cerebellar vermis is also known as the vermis cerebelli and the vermis of cerebellum.
	www.medfriendly.com /cerebellarvermis.html (419 words)

	TheFetus.net - Dandy Walker malformation -Roberto Noya Galluzzo, MD
		Definition: In 1914, Blackfan and Dandy described some alterations of the posterior fossa as cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, separation of the cerebellar hemispheres, dilatation of the mesencephalic aqueduct and absence of the mediate and lateral apertures of the fourth ventricle.
		defect of the cerebellar vermis with a communication of the cyst with the fourth ventricle.
		Embryology and etiology: The formation of the cerebellar vermis begins in the ninth week of gestation by the fusion in the medium line of the cerebellar hemispheres beginning in the superior part and continuing inferior until the total formation of the vermis in the end of the fifteenth weeks.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=1657 (998 words)

	Atrophy of the cerebellar vermis in ageing. A morphometric and histologic study. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Morphometric analysis of the cerebellar vermis in 67 non-alcoholic men between 36 and 94 years of age showed a significant decline in Purkinje cell densities with increasing age in all parts of the cerebellar vermis.
		Cases with malignant tumours had significantly lower Purkinje cell densities in the superior vermis than those without tumours but the decline with age was of the same magnitude in the 2 groups.
		The age-dependent atrophy of the superior vermis seemed to be correlated to age alone and not to other known conditions.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_3794753.html (225 words)

	Effects of Lesions of the Oculomotor Cerebellar Vermis on Eye Movements in Primate: Smooth Pursuit -- Takagi et al. 83 ...
		Because the output of the Purkinje cells of the oculomotor vermis inhibits the FOR, a bilateral lesion of the oculomotor vermis
		Thielert, C.-D., and Thier, P. Patterns of projections from the pontine nuclei and nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis to the posterior vermis in the rhesus monkey: a study using retrograde tracers.
		Yamada, J., and Noda, H. Afferent and efferent connections of the oculomotor cerebellar vermis in the macaque monkey.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/83/4/2047 (7936 words)

	Neurological Exam: Cerebellum: Lesions: Neoplasms - Tumor of the Cerebellar Vermis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A Sample Case: A 6 year old was brought to the doctor because she was clumsy in walking and would sway and even topple over when seated.
		The incoordinate movements in standing and sitting, walking, nystagmoid eye movements, are indicative of incoordination of the muscles of the trunk, i.e., truncal ataxia, which is controlled principally by the cerebellar vermis; lack of significant limb involvement suggests that the cerebellar hemispheres are not involved.
		Medulloblastoma is a common childhood malignancy which arises rapidly from the midline cerebellum to impact on the cerebellum, fills the 4th ventricle, and later affects the pons/medulla
	isc.temple.edu /neuroanatomy/lab/lesions/37.htm (252 words)

	Purkinje Cells of the Cerebellar Dorsal Vermis: Simple-Spike Activity During Pursuit and Passive Whole-Body Rotation -- ...
		from lobules VI and VII of the dorsal vermis (Yamada and Noda
		neurons from the periarcuate cortex to the dorsal vermis (66%
		Cerebellar flocculus and ventral paraflocculus Purkinje cell activity during predictive and visually driven pursuit in monkey.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/4/1836 (7565 words)

	Elisabeth Gentry - UF Journal of Undergraduate Research Scholar Profile
		Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the cerebellar vermis volumes will be measured with particular interest placed on the posterior inferior vermis, since this area has been previously shown to be smaller in children diagnosed with ADHD.
		Additionally, posterior-inferior cerebellar vermis size has been shown to be significantly smaller in children diagnosed with ADHD.
		By measuring the volume of each child’s cerebellar vermis hopefully it can be determined if prenatal cocaine exposure affects the size of the vermis and in turn raises the risk for ADHD symptoms.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /jur/200402/profiles/gentry.html (427 words)

	Differential Maturation of Climbing Fiber Innervation in Cerebellar Vermis -- Nishiyama and Linden 24 (16): 3926 -- ...
		that CFs in the cortex of cerebellar hemispheres are not confined
		Schild RF (1970) On the inferior olive of the albino rat.
		Welker WI (1990) The significance of foliation and fissuration of cerebellar cortex.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/24/16/3926 (4739 words)

	American Journal of Neuroradiology 23:1074-1087, August 2002
		Lissencephaly with agenesis of corpus callosum and cerebellar dysplasia
		vermis was invariably dysplastic, with a midline cleft superiorly
		cerebellar vermis is the most plausible explanation (80, 81).
	www.neuroradiologyportal.com /articles/cerebellarmalf.htm (6480 words)

	jouberts.html
		The posterior lobe of the vermis was absent in all patients and the small rudimentary anterior lobe lacked fusion in the midline, with cleft formation in five patients.
		Malformation of the pontomesencephalic junction, with prominent superior cerebellar peduncles and deep interpeduncular fossa, was observed in all patients.
		Abnormal cerebellar-brainstem and cerebellocortical connections because of the lack of the posterior vermis and dysplasia of the deep cerebellar nuclei might be responsible for the abnormal eye movements and retarded development in Joubert's syndrome.
	www.indiana.edu /~pietsch/joubert.html (2069 words)

	Smaller Cerebellar Vermis But Not Hemisphere Volumes in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia -- Okugawa et al. 160 (9): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The yellow line delineates the intersections between the coronal plane and the traces of the cerebellar structures drawn in the sagittal projection (Figure 1).
		Mathew RJ, Partain CL: Midsagittal sections of the cerebellar vermis and fourth ventricle obtained with magnetic resonance imaging of schizophrenic patients.
		Nopoulos PC, Ceilley JW, Gailis EA, Andreasen NC: An MRI study of cerebellar vermis morphology in patients with schizophrenia: evidence in support of the cognitive dysmetria concept.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/160/9/1614 (2021 words)

	TheFetus.net - Case of the week # 14 - Philippe Jeanty, MD, PhD, Gianluigi Pilu, MD
		Demonstration in a lower section that the inferior cerebellar vermis separates the fourth ventricle from the cisterna magna is required to rule out this condition (Figure 2).
		In the present case, the diagnosis of a cerebellar abnormalities was favoured by the concomitance of a presumable cleft into the cerebellum with a prominent fourth ventricle and mild enlargement of the lateral ventricles.
		It is a rare developmental defect of the cerebellar vermis, with autosomal recessive inheritance.
	www.thefetus.net /case.php?id=610&answer=1 (3268 words)

	Childhood deficits in the cerebellum may be linked to adult alcoholism
		New research examines the possible association between developmental deficits in the cerebellar vermis during childhood and later alcoholism.
		The loss of coordination associated with alcohol intoxication is largely due to a disruption of cerebellar function.
		Manzardo's research was prompted by a visiting Harvard scholar who, while discussing the cerebellar vermis, suggested that the impaired ability to integrate cognitive and emotional behavior that is associated with cerebellar dysfunction may give an individual characteristics that could make them vulnerable to addiction problems.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-03/ace-cdi030705.php (999 words)

	Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia - non progressive congenital ataxia: clinical and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		MRI showed posterior cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and "molar tooth" appearance (Fig 2).
		In relation to neuroimaging, the MRI of the three pairs of siblings, findings were discordant in two: in one pair imaging was normal in one subject while the other showed mild cerebellar hypoplasia (CH), in the other pair one had normal imaging while the other severe CH.
		While twin A is wheelchair bound, severely retarded, nonverbal, autistic and MRI with "molar tooth" sign, vermian aplasia and absence of the cerebellar hemispheres, twin B is able to walk, run, verbal and MRI with "molar tooth" sign and mild hypoplasia of the inferior cerebellar vermis.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2000000500016&tlng=es&lng=en&nrm=iso (1806 words)

	Age and Sex Differences in the Cerebellum and the Ventral Pons: A Prospective MR Study of Healthy Adults -- Raz et al. ...
		Regression of the posterior cerebellar vermis volume (pyramis, uvula, and nodulus) on age.
		Atrophy of the cerebellar vermis in ageing: a morphometric and histological study.
		Differential effects of age and sex on the cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis: a prospective MR study.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/22/6/1161 (3730 words)

	The cerebellum contributes to higher functions during development: Evidence from a series of children surgically ...
		Distribution of cerebellar terminations and their relation to other afferent terminations in the ventral lateral thalamic region of the monkey.
		Courchesne E. Brainstem, cerebellar and limbic neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism.
		Riva D. The cerebellar contribution to language and sequential functions: evidence from a child with cerebellitis.
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/123/5/1051 (6441 words)

	ICP monitors
		The cerebellar input provides two somatotypic maps: one in the anterior lobe, the other, reversed, in the posterior lobe.
		In the medulla it lies superficial to the spinal tract of V. • Fibers enter the vermis of the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle and end as mossy fibers of the paleocerebellum.
		Fibers from vermis to fastigial and globose nuclei.
	www.ucsf.edu /nreview/02.1-Anatomy-Brain&SC/Cerebellum.html (2421 words)

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