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Topic: Cerebellum

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	Cerebellum - Psychology Wiki
		The cerebellum is located in the inferior posterior portion of the head (the hindbrain), directly dorsal to the brainstem and pons, inferior to the occipital lobe (Figs.
		The cerebellum arises from two rhombomeres located in the alar (dorsal, or upper) plate of the neural tube, a structure that eventually forms the brain and spinal cord.
		In the cerebellum, the PICA supplies blood to the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum, the inferior cerebellar peduncle, the nucleus ambiguus, the vagus motor nucleus, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the solitary nucleus, and the vestibulocochlear nuclei.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Cerebellum (4026 words)

	Cerebellum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cerebellum is located in the inferior posterior portion of the head (the hindbrain), directly dorsal to the brainstem and pons, inferior to the occipital lobe (Figs.
		The cerebellum arises from two rhombomeres located in the alar (dorsal, or upper) plate of the neural tube, a structure that eventually forms the brain and spinal cord.
		In the cerebellum, the PICA supplies blood to the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum, the inferior cerebellar peduncle, the nucleus ambiguus, the vagus motor nucleus, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the solitary nucleus, and the vestibulocochlear nuclei.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cerebellum (4093 words)

	Cerebellum Summary
		The cerebellum's specialized function in the human brain is to maintain posture and balance, and to carry out coordinated movement, by processing signals that are transmitted from the cerebral cortex's motor area to the spinal cord and then to muscle groups, creating movements.
		The cerebellum is located in the inferior posterior portion of the head (the hindbrain), directly dorsal to the pons, and inferior to the occipital lobe (Figs.
		The cerebellum arises from two rhombomeres located in the alar plate of the neural tube, a structure that eventually forms the brain and spinal cord.
	www.bookrags.com /Cerebellum (4904 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 788
		On the upper surface of the cerebellum the vermis is elevated above the level of the hemispheres, but on the under surface it is sunk almost out of sight in the bottom of a deep depression between them; this depression is called the vallecula cerebelli, and lodges the posterior part of the medulla oblongata.
		The part of the vermis on the upper surface of the cerebellum is named the superior vermis; that on the lower surface, the inferior vermis.
		The cerebellum is characterized by a laminated or foliated appearance; it is marked by deep, somewhat curved fissures, which extend for a considerable distance
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page788.html (687 words)

	What is the Cerebellum?
		The cerebellum's main claim to fame is that it contains half the neurons of the brain despite being only 10% of its size.
		Similar to its larger cousin the cerebrum, the cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres and 10 lobes, all of which have been studied extensively.
		Because of the relative simplicity of the cerebellum, attempts at cerebellar modelling are popular among the creators of neural networks and computational neuroscientists.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-the-cerebellum.htm (329 words)

	MDVU - Pediatric Movement Disorders - Anatomy and Physiology: Cerebellum
		The cerebellum receives direct inputs from the sensory fibers in the spinal cord as well as indirect inputs from the motor cortex, possibly as a copy of the commands being sent downward to the spinal cord.
		For example, the cerebellum is able to measure the forces that occur at the elbow in response to movement at the shoulder.
		Damage to the cerebellum maybe a direct cause of tremor, or tremor may be the result of the child attempting to overcompensate for inaccurate movements.
	www.mdvu.org /library/pediatric/anatomy/ana_cereb.html (910 words)

	cerebellum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Uptake of 3H-norepinephrine in the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of the chicken throughout the lifespan.
		Neurochemical characterization of the alterations in the noradrenergic afferents to the cerebellum of adult rats exposed to X-irradiation at birth.
		Postnatal ontogeny of uridine kinase in the cerebellum, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex of the rat.
	www.arclab.org /node_pages/18.html (8690 words)

	Cerebellum \| World of Anatomy and Physiology
		The cerebellum, which is Latin for "little brain," is located in the posterior region of the skull.
		Each of the cerebellum's hemispheres connect with spinal cord nerves on the same side of the body, but with the opposite cerebral hemisphere.
		Another important function played by the cerebellum is its role in the reticular activating system, a widespread network of nerve cells that are the means by which humans maintain consciousness.
	www.bookrags.com /research/cerebellum-wap (343 words)

	AllRefer.com - cerebellum (Anatomy And Physiology) - Encyclopedia
		The cerebellum operates automatically, without intruding into consciousness; motor impulses from the cerebrum are organized and modulated before being transmitted to muscle.
		If the cerebellum is injured, an activity like walking becomes spasmodic: the muscles involved contract too much or too little and operate out of sequence.
		The grooved surface of the cerebellum is gray matter, composed chiefly of nerve cells.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/cerebell.html (349 words)

	Cerebellum
		The Cerebellum is located at the base of the skull.
		The cerebellum is involved in the coordination of voluntary motor movement, balance and equilibrium and muscle tone.
		The cerebellum is part of the human brain, but it also has distinctive features.
	library.thinkquest.org /19910/data/cerebellum.htm (145 words)

	The Cerebellum
		The cerebellum is a part of an older evolutionary brain, one that evolved before consciousness.
		It is important for mobility specialists to understand the cerebellum because it is involved both in the subconscious (peripheral) human navigation system, and because it monitors and directs smooth, continuous movements (like the rhythmic sweep of the long cane).
		The cerebellum relies in part on the peripheral retina to tell it where the body is in space, where it is going, and how fast and in what direction.
	www.wayfinding.net /cerebell.htm (874 words)

	cerebellum - multiple sclerosis encyclopaedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The Cerebellum is a peach-sized structure situated at the base of the brain.
		There is some evidence that mental activities are also co-ordinated in the cerebellum which could explain why cognitive dysfunction is sometimes associated with damage to the cerebellum.
		These are the brachium pontis which connects to the pons, the restiform body which connects to the medulla and the brachium conjunctivum which connects to the mesencephalon.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /cerebellum.html (309 words)

	Cerebellum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The cerebellum is a cauliflower-shaped section of the brain.
		Some modern fMRI studies show that the cerebellum is for attention reading perception of time and be impaired in dyslexia Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders.
		The cerebellum of archipalliar phylogenetic origin shared as a prototypical brain by animals from the most elementary to most advanced.
	www.freeglossary.com /Cerebellum (440 words)

	Cerebellum: Subtle but Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Just how the hypothesis ended up at the cerebellum is a long story, some of which is recounted in the paper, "Evolution of the Hypothesis".
		Quite simply -- but likely, for some, quite surprisingly -- the facts reviewed in the hypothesis militate the conclusion that the cerebellum (the "little brain"; the "arbor vitae") is, if not in fact the "seat of the soul" then, at least, is the heart of the matter.
		Except for the last (muscle, et al), the cerebellum is not thought the heart of -- that is, central to -- much else.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~prcelsus/central.html (503 words)

	structure of the cerebellum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The term cerebellum is from the Latin meaning "the little brain".
		The outermost layer of the cerebellum is called the molecular layer.
		Since balance is an important part of movement, the cerebellum works very closely with the part of the brain that controls balance, the vestibular system.
	www.caninegeneticdiseases.net /ataxia/cerebellum.htm (369 words)

	The Cerebellum: The Treasure at the Bottom of the Brain, by Henrietta Leiner and Alan Leiner
		In fact, the cerebellum has been compared to a powerful computer, capable of making contributions both to the motor dexterity and to the mental dexterity of humans, both of which are required for the emergence of fluent human language.
		In investigating the part of the cerebellum that is greatly enlarged in the human brain, investigators found that each module in this part of the cerebellum (the lateral part) is able to communicate with the cerebral cortex by sending out signals over a segregated bundle of nerve fibers.
		Because the cerebellum is connected to regions of the brain that perform not only motor but also mental and sensory tasks, it can automatize not only motor but also mental and sensory skills in the human brain.
	www.newhorizons.org /neuro/leiner.htm (1728 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Cerebellum - WrongDiagnosis.com - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Cerebellum: The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem.
		Cerebellum : part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem; it is involved in the coordination of movement.
		Cerebellum : Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/cerebellum_printer.htm (266 words)

	Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
		The basal ganglia and cerebellum are large collections of nuclei that modify movement on a minute-to-minute basis.
		The cerebellum is involved in the coordination of movement.
		The cerebellum operates in 3's: there are 3 highways leading in and out of the cerebellum, there are 3 main inputs, and there are 3 main outputs from 3 deep nuclei.
	thalamus.wustl.edu /course/cerebell.html (1725 words)

	Smooth move
		In fact, the cerebellum seems to be involved in timing of movements, says Rebecca Spencer, a post-doctoral researcher in the department of psychology at the University of California at Berkeley.
		Another sign that the cerebellum is involved in timing comes from patients with cerebellum disease, who typically have trouble comparing the duration of two time intervals.
		But to the 150,000 people with genetic atrophy of the cerebellum -- along with an unknown (but probably smaller) number of people with damage due to stroke or cancer -- this business of timing is anything but academic.
	whyfiles.org /shorties/132cerebellum (738 words)

	Childhood deficits in the cerebellum may be linked to adult alcoholism
		"The cerebellum is generally known for its involvement in motor coordination," said Ann Manzardo, research assistant professor at the University of Kansas Medical Center and corresponding author for the study.
		Since the cerebellum is an important structure for movement, Manzardo hypothesized that if deficits in the cerebellum were indeed contributing to a person's risk for developing alcoholism, then researchers might be able to identify impairments in motor coordination as "markers" of the risk of developing alcoholism.
		However, combined with suggestions that the cerebellum may be involved in the coordination of emotional and cognitive functions as well as motor functions, this finding opens the door for exploring whether development delays or other insults to the cerebellum are related to the development of alcoholism."
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-03/ace-cdi030705.php (999 words)

	Cerebellum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		However modern research has shown that the cerebellum has a broader role in a number of key cognitive functions, including attention and the processing of language, music, and other sensory temporal stimuli.
		The cerebellum arises from two rhombomeres located in the alar (dorsal, or upper) plate of the neural tube, a structure that eventually forms the brain.
		Routine ultrasounds show that heavy drinkers who continue to imbibe after learning they are pregnant may carry fetuses with reduced skull and brain growth compared to those of abstainers or quitters, says a new study.Although the alcohol-exposed babies' growth remained within normal range, the findings reveal effects of drinking on the developing human brain...
	www.mrsci.com /Central-Nervous-System/Cerebellum.php (4240 words)

	Cerebellum degeneration
		Ataxia usually refers to dysfunction of the cerebellum, which is a structure in the back of the brain about the size of an onion.
		However, ataxia doesn't have to be produced by degeneration of the cerebellum per se.
		For example, the reason alcohol makes you ataxic is that it interferes with the biochemical functions in the cerebellum but doesn't necessarily kill any cells there.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/neuro/archive/13710.html (558 words)

	Bristol University \| Research news \| Cerebellum
		Given the uniform structure of the cerebellar cortex it follows that differences in function are likely to arise primarily because of differences between cerebellar regions in their interconnections with the rest of the nervous system.
		These are the inferior olive, which is the sole source of an important and intriguing type of input to the cerebellum called climbing fibres, while the other is the pons, which is the principal source of the other major type of cerebellar input, called mossy fibres.
		This suggests that the cerebellum is ‘wired up’ so that sensory information conveyed directly from the body surface via the climbing fibre system can be compared with similar signals that have undergone higher order processing in the cerebral cortex and then conveyed to the cerebellum by the mossy fibre system.
	www.bris.ac.uk /researchreview/2005/1115974490 (1099 words)

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