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Topic: Identity certificate

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	Certificate (Java 2 Platform SE v1.4.2)
		An identity certificate is a guarantee by a principal that a public key is that of another principal.
		For example, different types of certificates, such as X.509 certificates and PGP certificates, share general certificate functionality (the need to encode and decode certificates) and some types of information, such as a public key, the principal whose key it is, and the guarantor guaranteeing that the public key is that of the specified principal.
		Returns the guarantor of the certificate, that is, the principal guaranteeing that the public key associated with this certificate is that of the principal associated with this certificate.
	java.sun.com /j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/java/security/Certificate.html (608 words)

	Certificate of identity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A certificate of identity is a travel document issued by a national government in lieu of a passport.
		Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore and the United Kingdom issue certificates of identity to people who are either stateless or unable to obtain a passport from their own country.
		Certificates of identity Singapore Immigration and Checkpoints Auhtority
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Certificate_of_Identity (129 words)

	Establishing Identity Without Certification Authorities
		The thesis of this paper is that a traditional identity certificate is neither necessary nor sufficient for this purpose.
		To the person verifying the identity of an old friend, that other person's identity is a body of memories: an internal representation of the distinguishing character or personality of an entity, as the verifier has come to know that entity through the relationship between them.
		Certificates are needed but they are needed only to grant authority to a signature key to spend money from a given account.
	world.std.com /~cme/usenix.html (5999 words)

	iAnywhere.com - MobiLink Transport-Layer Security and Certificates
		Since all certificate users can calculate the message digest value, detecting alteration is simply a matter of calculating the message digest value and decrypting the value in the certificate using the public key.
		In this case, the root certificate in the chain is a certificate held by the certificate authority.
		Certificate authorities, at their discretion, may choose not to sell certificates that can be used to sign other certificates.
	www.ianywhere.com /whitepapers/mobilink_security_certificates.html (6307 words)

	www.lavote.net - Birth, Death & Marriage Records/Copies
		Certificates and indexes of birth, death and marriage records not exempt from public inspections may be examined at the Office of the Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk between 8 a.m.
		In addition to certificates on file, there are indexes of birth, death and marriages available for public inspection as follows: Births prior to 1905 and from 1964 to the present; Deaths from 1877 to the present; and Marriages from 1852 to the present.
		Certificate of Identity from a Notary Public or the County Clerk in the County of Residence.
	www.lavote.net /RECORDER/BDM_Records.cfm (2855 words)

	DIGITAL IDENTITY CERTIFICATE digital
		HKU digital certificates (HKU-Cert) HKU digital certificates (HKU-Cert) employ cryptographically strong 1024-bit RSA public and private encryption keys, which are practically impossible for anyone, within the life-time of a private key, to crack the private key from the corresponding public key.
		The traditional PKI infrastructure talks about issuing certificates that are signed by a certification authority which attest to the: validity of the public key preferably checking validity of the private key possibly some identity information of the entity that the certificate is issued to.
		A "recipient" of the certificate desiring to rely upon a digital signature created by the subscriber named in the certificate (whereupon the recipient becomes a "relying party") can use the public key listed in the certificate to verify that the digital signature was created with the corresponding private key.
	digilander.libero.it /a_digital/Digital_identity_certificate.html (2017 words)

	External Certificate Authority
		Identity certificates may be used for non-repudiation purposes, i.e., transactions that have been signed by an identity certificate may be legally linked to the owner of that certificate.
		When encrypting e-mail messages, the sender uses the certificate of the recipient(s), and the recipient decrypts the message using his or her private key.
		This certificate is intended for all applications operating in environments appropriate for medium assurance but which require a higher degree of assurance and technical non-repudiation based on the relying party’s assessment.
	eca.orc.com /choose.html (625 words)

	John F. Kennedy School of Goverment
		In full generality, there are three kinds of certificates or corresponding protected database entries.[1] A general definition of a certificate is "two or more facts represented in a machine-interpretable form that is digitally signed by a key belonging to some authority on the stated relationships among those facts".
		That is, the Certificate Authority (CA) that generates the certificate and digitally signs it asserts that the name and the public key belong to the same person.
		This simplified the system using these certificates and improved on the security of the resulting system, since the issuer of the ID certificate was not used and therefore was no longer in a position to circumvent the authorization grant.
	www.ksg.harvard.edu /digitalcenter/conference/papers/pki.htm (5880 words)

	Using PFX and PEM Certificate Formats with Keystores
		The certificate and public key are used for handshaking and further data encryption between client and server.
		Identity certificate: In cryptography, a public key certificate (or identity certificate) is a certificate that uses a digital signature to bind together a public key with identity information such as the name of a person or an organization, their address, and so forth.
		The result is a certificate chain that begins at the trusted root CA, through the intermediate, and ending with the SSL certificate issued to you.
	dev2dev.bea.com /pub/a/2006/08/pfx-pem-certificate-formats.html (1731 words)

	SSL Certificate FAQ - Extended Validation SSL (EV SSL Certificates) - Online Identity Assurance - Online Identity ...
		To issue an SSL Certificate that complies with the standard, a CA must adopt the extended certificate validation practice and pass a Webtrust audit.
		The validation process requires the CA to authenticate the certificate applicant’s domain ownership and organizational identity, as well as the individual approver’s employment with the applicant, and authority to obtain the Extended Validation SSL Certificate.
		The resulting charter, certificate, license or equivalent must be verifiable through that registration agency.
	www.verisign.com /ssl/ssl-information-center/faq/extended-validation-ssl-certificates.html (1208 words)

	Public key certificate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In cryptography, a public key certificate (or identity certificate) is a certificate which uses a digital signature to bind together a public key with an identity — information such as the name of a person or an organization, their address, and so forth.
		In X.509 PKI systems, the hierarchy of certificates is always a top-down tree, with a root certificate at the top, representing a CA that is 'so central' to the scheme that it does not need to be authenticated by some trusted third party.
		A certificate may be revoked if it is discovered that its related private key has been compromised, or if the relationship (between an entity and a public key) embedded in the certificate is discovered to be incorrect or has changed; this might occur, for example, if a person changes jobs or names.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Public_key_certificate (784 words)

	Security Fundamentals
		It is the responsibility of the Identity Assertion provider implementation to perform whatever actions are necessary to establish validity and trust in the token and to provide the identity of the user with a reasonable degree of assurance, without the need for the user to re-authenticate to the application.
		If the recipient has a digital certificate containing the public key of the certificate authority signed by a superior certificate authority who the recipient already trusts, the recipient of an encrypted message can develop trust in the public key of a certificate authority recursively.
		An SSL connection begins with a handshake during which the applications exchange digital certificates, agree on the encryption algorithms to be used, and generate the encryption keys to be used for the remainder of the session.
	e-docs.bea.com /wls/docs92/secintro/concepts.html (8411 words)

	Glossary
		Certificates are used to identify the author of a message or entity, such as a Web server or client.
		A certificate issued to an entity that cannot itself issue certificates (in essence, it is not a CA).
		A trustworthy process of creating private keys whose corresponding public keys are submitted to the applicable IA during certificate application in a manner that demonstrates the applicant's capacity to use the private key.
	www.digsigtrust.com /state/wa/swa-glossary.html (2751 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The signature of the authentication service enables the receiving UAC to verify that the body and thus the certificate has not been tampered with while in transit from the authentication server to the recipient, and that it was provided by a particular entity stated in the FROM field (as indicated in the assertion).
		This is important, as the receiving client may not be able to verify the certificate provided by the initiator of the communication (for example, it is a self signed certificate or the certificate was created by a corporate CA and the root certificate of the issuing CA cannot be validated).
		In-band certificate provision may be done as described in RFC 3261 [RFC3261] for self-signed certificates or by Fries, et al.
	www.ietf.org /internet-drafts/draft-fries-sip-identity-usage-bcp-00.txt (2751 words)

	EDUCAUSE \| EDUCAUSE Major Initiatives \| Policy Activities Group Meeting Minutes
		The certificate is by its nature intended to be personally identifying, which is a primary criterion for determining whether something is sensitive information.
		Furthermore, the identity certificate profile may contain information which is potentially sensitive and is intrinsically bound to the individual.
		The group cited the importance in having a bridge certificate policy which aligned cleanly with the certificate policies in the hierarchies it is meant to bridge.
	www.educause.edu /February142002/1047 (1009 words)

	Setting up the Cisco VPN3000 Concentrator for PKI Authentication
		Certificate Management” verify that the root certificate installed properly in the Certificate Authorities section.
		Certificate Management” verify that the identity certificate installed properly in the Identity Certificates section.
		Create a new profile that specifies certificate authentication and choose a certificate issued by your CA (the same one that signed the identity certificate that you created above).
	www.dartmouth.edu /~deploypki/deploying/Concentrator_with_PKI.htm (767 words)

	Cisco - Configuring Multiple-Identity Certificate Authorities on Cisco IOS Routers
		SJhub is the hub router, with multiple-identity certificates from the Entrust CA and Microsoft CA servers that reside in the backbone network.
		Certificates from the Entrust CA server are used.
		In this case, certificates from the Microsoft CA server are used for IKE authentication.
	www.cisco.com /warp/public/707/mult-id-ca.html (3824 words)

	SSL Certificate FAQ - Business Identity Authentication from VeriSign, Inc.
		VeriSign is a leading Certificate Authority, securing more than 500,000 Web servers, and contributor to the High Assurance standard as a member of the CA/Browser Forum.
		In addition to the requirements described above, a legal opinion letter may be required to confirm that the requestor has the authority to obtain SSL Certificate(s) on behalf of the company.
		Authentication for new certificates could take as little as 2 hours or up to several days, depending on the verification information you provide.
	www.verisign.com /ssl/ssl-information-center/faq/business-authentication.html (707 words)

	Consular Services: Passports - Certificate of Identity
		Certificates of Identity (CI) are isued by this Mission to Fiji citizens living or travelling within Europe or the Middle-East whose passports have expired or are lost and need to travel to Fiji urgently.
		Original Marriage Certificate (for married female applicants who wish to use a last name which differs from that shown in birth certificate).
		CERTIFICATES OF IDENTITY ARE VALID FOR A YEAR FROM THE DATE OF ISSUE AND ARE NOT RENEWABLE.
	www.fijihighcommission.org.uk /passports_1.html (370 words)

	Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Identity certificate: A certificate that a person uses to authenticate himself or herself to a PKI-enabled application, such as a secure web server.
		For that reason, it is important that the owner of an identity certificate protect his or her private key, and not allow others to access or use it.
		Encryption certificate: A certificate that may be used for encrypting e-mail.
	iase.disa.mil /pki/eca/certtype.html (416 words)

	FAQS - Digital Certificates
		Your digital identity is yours, and you can use it for access to other state agency applications.
		The digital identity certificate you have is installed in the browser when you access any State of Illinois systems by entering your digital identity's user id and password.
		Once you Logout successfully or close the browser, the certificate is removed from your computer.
	www.myhfs.illinois.gov /MediHelp/FAQS/FAQS_-_Digital_Certificates.htm (417 words)

	Circular: IDENTITY CERTIFICATE for Tibetans in Exile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All those whose personal information is stored in the database will be given an identity certificate bearing a unique identification number.
		This identity certificate will make the Green Book redundant for it can also be used for recording the payment of voluntary tax which is so far been paid against Green Book.
		Accordingly, on 12th February 2003, the Department of Finance will distribute Identity Certificate Form through Tibetan Welfare Offices or the Settlement Offices, as the case may be.
	www.tibet.com /NewsRoom/finance1.htm (266 words)

	Orange County Clerk-Recorder
		Under law, individuals appearing in person, will be permitted to receive an authorized copy, after presenting a valid government form of identification and signing a statement sworn under penalty of perjury that the requester is an authorized person.
		PLEASE NOTE: Only one notarized sworn statement is required for multiple certificates requested at the same time; however, the sworn statement must include the name of each individual whose record you wish to obtain and your relationship to that individual.
		The person requesting the certificate must have a valid picture identification such as a driver’s license or passport.
	www.oc.ca.gov /recorder/marcerti.htm (802 words)

	Lanset Web Security Services
		If your web site collects sensitive information, such as credit card or personal information, a SSL Certificate will enable information to be encrypted when it is sent over the Internet and allows the user to verify the identify of the web site collecting the information.
		This offer is open to everyone and you do not need to be a customer of Hostik.com to purchase the certificates.
		For Hostik.com customers, your shared hosting plan included a free shared Secure Socket Layer (SSL) certificate with us at no cost, but if you would like to have your own SSL certificate for your own domain name, you may order with us for only $149 a year (save $80 off retail price).
	ssl.lanset.net (242 words)

	Liu Introduces Gift Certificate Bill, Identity Theft Protection Legislation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		AB 2090 is aimed at ending retailers’ practice of charging monthly service fees for gift cards that are not used within a prescribed period of time.
		These credit offers pose an identity theft risk since minimal information is needed to obtain the card and minors are less likely to monitor their credit histories.
		The proposed law creates an additional safeguard by requiring that the convenience checks are activated through a process that verifies the identity of the holder, as is currently required by such credit card companies as American Express.
	democrats.assembly.ca.gov /members/a44/press/p442004005.htm (325 words)

	External Certificate Authority
		If you use Outlook or Netscape 7.1 for your email client, you will need to have both an Identity and Encryption Certificate in order to be able to digitally sign email.
		Before purchasing only an Identity Certificate, please make sure that your browser does not require the additional Encryption Certificate to digitally sign emails (see above).
		Identity Certificates (IAW U.S. Government ECA Certificate Policy)
	eca.orc.com /costinfo.html (210 words)

	VEHICLE IDENTITY CERTIFICATE
		They charged me $15 Euro and 90¢ for a copy of the english mcode list and a copy of a list of paint codes in german.
		Blank certificate they also sent me as sort of a taunt!!
		I know of a few people who had their money returned, with a letter stating that the microfiche was too old and too fragile to be deciphered.
	www.dropgates.com /resto/identitycert.html (459 words)

	Application for Passport, World Birth Card and Certificate & World Identity Card (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Address to which documents should be sent: ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ATTESTATION OF UNDERSTANDING AND CERTIFICATION OF INFORMATION: The applicant understands that the World Service Authority accepts no responsibility for the position of any government as regards the acceptance of the WSA passport and/or its other identification documents.
		The applicant is solely responsible for the use of the passport and accompanying documents, which are the bearer's property.
		Signature and Date___________________________________________________ CERTIFICATION OF SIGNATURE, OR PHOTOCOPY OF IDENTITY PAPERS, OR PRINT OF RIGHT INDEX FINGER: On this _______ day of ________________, 20____, before me came_________________________________________, known to me and known by me to be the person who executed the foregoing application, and he/she thereupon duly acknowledged to me that he/she executed the same.
	www.worldservice.org /docpapp.html (463 words)

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