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Patent 4467806: Osmotic cervical dilator An osmotic cervical dilator has a sponge-like synthetic plastic body in which all the residual void spaces in the body are filled with a salt composition and the body shaped for insertion and retention in the cervix of the patient. The dilator, once inserted and retained by the cervix, is adapted to draw and to expand by osmotic effect and to retain cervical fluids and particularly water contained in the cervix. Softening and dilation of the cervix is based on the osmotic removal of water from the tissue and not on the radial forces applied to the cervical ostium as dilator 10 expands. www.freepatentsonline.com /4467806.html   (1686 words)

Dr. Koop - Cervical Incompetence- Health Encyclopedia and Reference Sometimes premature effacement (shortening of the vaginal portion of the cervix and thinning of the walls) and dilation of the cervix is not caused by labor, but rather by structural weakness in the cervix itself. Cervical incompetence accounts for about 15 to 20 percent of all pregnancy losses during the second trimester. Risk factors for an incompetent cervix are: a history of incompetent cervix with a previous pregnancy, surgery, cervical injury, DES (diethylstilbestrol) exposure, and anatomic abnormalities of the cervix. www.drkoop.com /encyclopedia/43/361.html   (542 words)

Cervical dilation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Cervical dilation is the dilation (widening) of the cervix during childbirth. In the final stages of pregnancy, the cervix may already have opened up to 1-3 cm, but during the first stage of labour, repeated uterine contractions lead to rapid further widening of the cervix to 10 cm. The pain experienced during dilation is similar to that of menstruation (although markedly more intense), as period pains are thought to be due to the passing of endometrium through the cervix. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cervical_dilation   (133 words)

Cervical Cerclage Cervical cerclage is used for the treatment of an incompetent cervix that has been associated with previous spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. A diagnosis of cervical incompetence is usually made when a mid-trimester (18-22 weeks) pregnancy loss occurs, and there is a sudden unexpected rupture of membranes followed by a painless expulsion of the products of conception. Cervical incompetence may be associated with previous cervical trauma (surgical or prior birth related) or with congenital abnormality of the uterine fundus. www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Cervical_Cerclage.htm   (769 words)

Gregory - Chapter 2 Dilation of the aorta may be caused by concussion of the ninth to twelfth thoracic spines or transverse processes. The eleventh thoracic vertebra is the center for dilation of the liver, and the phenomena of dilation of the vessels and tissues occurs when the centers of origin of the nerves of this segment is stimulated by the use of concussion, nerve pressure or the sinusoidal current. To dilate the vascular supply to the spinal cords we apply vigorous but intermittent spinal concussion to the eleventh thoracic spine or transverse processes, which will cause a dilation of the blood vessels of the spinal column and this measure is very helpful in the treatment of paralysis. www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/gregory/gregch2.htm   (5360 words)

World Intellectual Property Organization   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The conventional method for dilating a patient's cervix employs a series of sequentially larger solid metal rods which are progressively, in order of smallest to largest, inserted into the patient's cervix, thereby producing a mechanical dilation of the cervix. There is a further need for a cervical dilation device that provides a large access aperture through the patient's cervix such that a medical device may be easily and painlessly inserted through the cervix and into the patient's uterus. The inflatable dilation device according to claim 12, wherein said means for introducing the drug into said second elongated hollow tube comprises a syringe connector integrally connected to the first end of said second elongated hollow tube and a syringe. www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=01/68181.010920&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (4449 words)

Dilation and evacuation (D&E) for abortion Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is done in the second 12 weeks (second trimester) of pregnancy. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is a surgical procedure. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is the most common and safest procedure used (95% of the time) for an abortion in the second trimester. my.webmd.com /hw/inflammatory_bowel/tw2462.asp   (1341 words)

eMedicine - Cervical Ripening : Article by Jodie Rai, MD Cervical ripening usually begins prior to the onset of labor contractions and is necessary for cervical dilatation and the passage of the fetus. Cervical ripening is associated with decreased collagen fiber alignment, decreased collagen fiber strength, and diminished tensile strength of the extracellular cervical matrix. Cervical ripening is associated with increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix proteins. www.emedicine.com /med/topic3282.htm   (4241 words)

Dilation and evacuation (D&E) for abortion Dilation and evacuation (DandE) is done in the second 12 weeks (second trimester) of pregnancy. Dilation and evacuation (DandE) is a surgical procedure. Dilation and evacuation (DandE) is one of the most common and safest procedure used (95% of the time) for an abortion in the second trimester. www.bchealthguide.org /kbase/topic/detail/surgical/tw2462/detail.htm   (1331 words)

Intellectual Property Licensing-Cervimeters, Cervimetry and Automated Dilation or Dilatation Measurement   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Cervical dilatation measurements are obtained by digital (finger-based) vaginal examinations, which must be performed serially to assess labor progress and ascertain whether interventions are required. Cervical dilatation is determined by spreading the two fingers across what is perceived to be the diameter of the cervix. Accurate measurements of cervical dilatation would also be helpful in determining whether a patient is truly in labor and should be admitted to the labor and delivery unit or is merely experiencing false labor and should be sent home. www.ipfoundry.biz /Cervimeters.htm   (3612 words)

Cervical Check The most common position for a woman having a cervical exam is lying on her back with knees bent, although some attendants are comfortable checking in other positions. Dilation refers to how big the opening of the cervix is and is measured from 0 (closed cervix) to 10 (fully opened cervix). Information gained during a cervical check should be used in conjunction with information gained from the physical and emotional reactions of the mother, not in place of them. www.birthingnaturally.net /birth/progress/exam.html   (749 words)

Normal Labour It is associated with commencement of dilatation of the internal cervical os and labor usually supervenes within 24 hours. Cervical dilatation alone does not confirm labor, since many women will demonstrate some dilatation(1-3cm) for weeks or months prior to the onset of true labor. Starts with full cervical dilation and ends with expulsion of fetus.it is related to descent of the fetus with movements: flexion, engagement, descent, internalrotation, Extension, restitution and external rotation. www.arabicobgyn.net /doc/labour1.htm   (2247 words)

Laminaria tents/Japonica tents - main uses   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Laminaria tents/Japonica tents should be considered wherever cervical dilation (or softening of the cervix) is desired. Throughout the world, leading physicians and gynecologists have appreciated Laminaria tents/Japonica tents for more than a century, in cases where dilation of the cervix is indicated and are often preferred to the Hegar's dilators. The use of Hanka or Hegar's dilators is attended with the risk of uternine perforation and cervical laceration. www.laminaria.net /mainuses.htm   (190 words)

Dilation and sharp curettage (D&C) for abortion Dilation and curettage (D&C) uses a sharp instrument to remove tissue from inside the uterus. Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a minor surgical procedure. Dilation and curettage (D&C) is usually done when another abortion method has failed to completely clear the contents of the uterus. my.webmd.com /hw/womens_conditions/tw1469.asp   (1175 words)

Cervical Edema   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Cervical swelling can be one cause of prolonged first stage. If the swelling occurs around 8-9 centimeters dilation, it may be due to the fact that the woman has been bearing down involunarily. If there is a residual anterior cervical lip due to pressure of the head against the public bone. www.unhinderedliving.com /cervical.html   (193 words)

Cervical Lips A cervical lip usually indicates that the angle of approach to the pelvic brim is not correct (asynclitic) and the pressure of the contraction is not equally distributed around the circumference of the cervix, resulting in unequal dilation. To minimize the chance of cervical tearing, manual dilation should be fairly gentle, the cervix should continue to be assessed after the procedure, and the mother should not push until she feels the descent of the baby. As far as using manual dilation to START a labor, I don't know why this would cause tearing several hours later at birth unless it was torn just a little with the manual dilation (remember the excessive bloody show) and then the little tear spread to a bigger one during pushing. www.gentlebirth.org /archives/cervicalLips.html   (4355 words)

Active Labor The physician’s expectation for progress during this time is 1 cm dilation per hour; if you’re dilating at less than half that rate, a physician may prescribe pitocin. Cervical dilation does not happen in a straight line of progress, with any guarantees like: every hour of labor is guaranteed to give you 1 cm of dilation. If the laboring woman ever has a vaginal exam and then gets discouraged over her “lack of progress” based on cervical dilation alone, it’s important for her support people to remind her about the normal plateaus in labor, and also about the 6 ways to progress in labor. transitiontoparenthood.com /ttp/parented/laborbirth/active.htm   (892 words)

Protraction & Arrest Disorders Arrest disorders include secondary arrest of dilation (no progress in cervical dilation in more than 2 hours), arrest of descent (fetal head does not descend for more than 1 hour in primip and more than 0.5 hours in multip), and failure of descent (no descent). Based on the speed of overall labor progression and current cervical dilation, Dr. Zhang and his colleagues calculated the expected traverse time for the cervix to reach the next centimeter and the expected rate of cervical dilation at each phase of labor. The median time for cervical dilation to progress from 4 cm to 5 cm in the present study is 1.7 hours. www.birthsource.com /scripts/article.asp?articleid=120   (907 words)

Stellflug et al., March 2001   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) We investigated the effects of cervical dilation using exogenous oxytocin (OT) to facilitate TAI and its effects on reproductive variables after laparoscopic AI (LAI). Cervical manipulation associated with transcervical artificial insemination (AI) in sheep does not seem to affect fertility after laparoscopic AI or lambing rates after the subsequent estrus in ewes that did not conceive to AI. Because cervical manipulation alone does not seem to reduce lambing rates, transcervical AI in sheep still seems to be a promising procedure. www.asas.org /jas/abs/2001/a0130568.htm   (602 words)

eMedicine - Preterm Labor : Article by Edward R Newton, MD At the time of abortion, gentle cervical dilatation with laminaria or ripening agents such as misoprostol are significantly less likely to traumatize the cervix compared to term delivery. Contractions of sufficient strength and frequency to effect progressive effacement and dilation of the cervix are indicative of active preterm labor. Cervical change is defined as a cervix that is less than 2.5 cm in length based on ultrasound measurement, greater than 80% effaced based on digital examination findings, or cervical dilation greater than 1 cm. www.emedicine.com /med/topic3245.htm   (5155 words)

Epidural Prolongs Labor The findings "suggest that early epidural placement and less-advanced cervical dilation on admission appear to be the most important predictors of prolonged labor," wrote lead study author Dr. Fergal Malone, of the Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston. One recent study showed that anesthesia causes a slower rate of cervical dilation, an increased need for oxytocin -- the hormone that causes uterine contractions -- and a higher Cesarean delivery rate. "This would suggest that it is not the presence or the epidural that predisposes a women to a prolonged labor, but the cervical dilation at the time of the epidural placement may be important," he concluded. www.personalmd.com /news/a1996081304.shtml   (315 words)

Medicolegal Consult   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The researchers’ analysis of the data, especially the attention paid to the time to delivery versus cervical dilation at presentation, is helpful in evaluating the benefits of their management. Some laboring patients whose cervices are dilated 3 cm or more can have their deliveries delayed 24 to 48 hours, allowing for the administration of antenatal steroids and antibiotics, which can be of benefit to the fetus. Although patients with advanced cervical dilation are at very high risk for preterm delivery, don’t just assume if the cervix is dilated 5 cm to 6 cm that tocolysis will be ineffective and that delivery will occur right away. www.obgmanagement.com /examin_evidence.asp?which_issue=11/1/00   (2301 words)

American Family Physician: Effect of epidural analgesia on cervical dilation and labor - adapted from Obstetrics and ... Newton and colleagues evaluated the effect of epidural analgesia with bupivacaine and fentanyl on cervical dilation and myometrial contractility. Measures of uterine activity, rate of cervical dilation, use of oxytocin and method of delivery were compared for 62 women who received a standardized protocol of epidural analgesic. Women who received epidural analgesic had slower rates of cervical dilation and a longer second labor stage than women in the control group. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_n3_v52/ai_17436985   (464 words)

Journal of Family Practice: Intrathecal Narcotics Are Associated with Prolonged Second-Stage Labor and Increased ... If the time when a subject was 4 cm dilated was not recorded in the chart (54 women in the ITN group, 52 in the comparison group) we obtained a reliable estimate by plotting all known cervical examinations versus time. Women who presented to the hospital with cervical dilation of 6 cm or greater were not included in this portion of the analysis. Women in the ITN group had less advanced cervical dilation on admission and were somewhat more likely to present with spontaneous rupture of membranes. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0689/is_6_49/ai_65571126/pg_2   (1062 words)

Childbirth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) A woman is considered to be in labour the moment she develops regular painful uterine contractions, which are accompanied by changes of her cervix, these primarily being effacement and dilation. A gradual onset with slow cervical change towards 3 cm dilation is referred to as the "latent phase". Non-progression of labor (longterm contractions without adequate cervical dilation) is generally treated with intravenous synthetic oxytocin preparations. phatnav.com /wiki/index.php?title=Childbirth   (1736 words)

Preventing Premature Delivery, 43   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) For cervical dilation at time of PTL dx, 3 of the strategies found an advantage for monitoring. Regarding pre-term birth, predictive values and risk/odds ration for FFN are superior to the Bishop score, absence of fetal respirations, vaginal bleeding, cervical dilation, or uterine activity. Cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound had predictive values similar to FFN, and the combination of the two tests appears to further increase predictive values, suggesting the two tests may be complementary www.bcbsma.com /common/en_US/medical_policies/043.htm   (7838 words)

Mahidol University Abstracts of International Publications 2000 hysteroscopy and to assess the cervicouterine complications related to cervical dilatation and hystero- cervical dilation, compared with 75 (94.9%, P =.001) in the placebo group. dilation to Hegar number 9 was significantly shorter in the treated group (40 seconds) compared with the www.mahidol.ac.th /abstracts/Pub2000/0047.htm   (667 words)

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