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Topic: Chadless tape

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Punched tape

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	Punch embroidery punch - Embroidery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tapes punched at the receiving end could be used to relay messages to another station in embroidery the paper, so that no chad would be produced; the "hole "was still filled with a little paper embroidery trap-door.
		However, the mechanical tape readers used in most standard-speed equipment had no problem with chadless tape, once punched, did not roll up well, because the protruding flaps of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
		However, the mechanical tape readers used in most standard-speed equipment had no problem with chadless tape, once punched, did not roll up embroidery well, because the protruding flaps of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
	embroidery.pay-e-bullion.org /punch-embroidery (4131 words)

	Punched tape - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Punched tape is an old-fashioned form of data storage, consisting of a long strip of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
		The earliest forms of punched tape come from weaving looms and embroidery, where cards with simple instructions about a machine's intended movements were first fed individually as instructions, then controlled by instruction cards, and later were fed as a string of connected cards.
		Tapes for heavy regular use were made out of plastic (Mylar) to improve their life span.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Punched_tape (584 words)

	Chadless tape
		Punched tape that has been punched in such a way that chad is not formed.
		A punched tape in which only partial perforation is performed so that the chad remains attached to the tape.
		Note: The partial perforation is deliberate, and should not be confused with imperfect chadding.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ch/Chadless_tape.html (66 words)

	RTTY TAPE EQUIPMENT
		When a message tape is inserted in the tape guide of an external transmitter distributor, and the printed symbol of the character to be transmitted is positioned opposite the tape locating mark impressed in the tape guide, the code perforation for that character will be over the tape sensing pins in position for transmission.
		The large holes in the tape represent marking impulses, whereas the impulse positions on the tape that are not perforated represent spacing impulses.
		During the forward movement of the punch hammer, the tape feed pawl, which is attached to the punch hammer, engages a tooth on the tape feed roll.
	www.rtty.com /development/teletype/td-tape (6318 words)

	Punched tape
		Punched tape is an old-fashioned form of data storage[?], consisting of a long strip of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
		Punched tape was first developed as a way of storing messages for teletypewriters.
		As a side effect the punched tape readers became a popular medium for low cost storage, and it was common to find a selection of tapes containing useful program in most computer installations.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pa/Paper_tape.html (164 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Punched tape
		Punched tape or paper tape is a largely obsolete form of data storage, consisting of a long strip of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
		However, the mechanical tape readers used in most standard-speed equipment had no problem with chadless tape, because it sensed the holes by means of blunt spring-loaded sensing pins, which easily pushed the paper flaps out of the way.
		Paper tape was the basis of the Vernam cipher, invented in 1917.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Punched_tape (1211 words)

	Our Collection - Software and Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Paper tape was initially used in telecommunications (telex), and in the printing industry as the input medium for hot-metal typesetting machines.
		A simple solution used with medium-speed readers (300 rows/s) was to use fan-fold tape, which re-folds automatically as it is caught, in an appropriately dimensioned receptacle upon leaving the reader.
		Paper tapes could be corrected, edited or repaired easily by manually adding missing holes, or by cut-and-paste operations, using some very simple mechanical tools.
	www.cs.sun.ac.za /~museum/software.html (418 words)

	Self Help Tapes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Magnetic tape was first invented by Fritz Pfleumer in 1928 in Germany, based on the invention of the magnetic wire by Valdemar Poulsen in 1898.
		Tape bias is a high-frequency signal (generally from 40 to 150 kHz) added to the audio signal recorded on an analog tape recorder.
		As the tape leaves the tape head, the bias partially demagnetizes the tape and the remaining net induction is essentially the difference between the positive and negative half-cycles of the previously recorded.
	www.awonky.com /pages2/78/self-help-tapes.html (997 words)

	Radio Research Paper - Message Center
		Tapes could be formed into continuous loops when multiple passes of the same message had to be sent.
		The tape produced by the latter type was called "chadless tape, since the reperforator does not completely remove the circular piece of paper but leaves it secured to the tape by a small uncut portion of paper.
		Chadless tape had the advantage of tidiness but was somewhat awkward to roll up by hand.
	www.jproc.ca /rrp/mcentdes.html (5327 words)

	[No title]
		The pink and blue tapes were oil-impregnated to lubricate the punch pins, which were made to very close tolerances.
		The readers had swiveling heads, and the punches had clearance beyond the punch dies, so that the reader could advance itself along the tape as it read the tape, until it was aligned with the character after the one being punched.
		Philco had a photoelectric paper tape reader (1960) that could read 1,000 char./sec and stop on the stop character; that means the tape was stopped with the character that told the reader to stop, still aligned in the read head.
	www.blinkenlights.com /classiccmp/friden/bodley.txt (1217 words)

	EDVAC
		Chadless tape was used in order that the character might be printed over the perforations to assist in checking.
		This preliminary tape was fed into a solenoid-operated tape reader, the output of which was fed through the verifier to the perforator-printer, which would retype the same code.
		If the character agrees with the character on the tape it is punched on the verified tape, and the tape reader advances the preliminary tape to the next character.
	www.computernostalgia.net /articles/edvac.htm (4806 words)

	paper tape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Punched tape was first developed as a way of storing messages for teletypewriters.
		When the first computers were being released many turned to the teletypewriter as a low-cost solution for printer output.
		The little pieces of paper punched out of the tape are known as chad.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Paper_tape.html (222 words)

	LISTSERV 14.4
		Mechanically, the machines >that made chadless tape and the machines that made totally perforated tape >and thus produced chad differed only in organization.
		So the two types of >machines differed in that the chadless had a printer, but the 'chad' >machines had a chad-catcher (smaller than, but equivalent to the Chip Box of >the punched card equipment.) I don't recall that the chad ever wandered far >from the chad-catcher.
		The specifications from 1939 >apparently don't include the word "chadless", but they do include "chads", >meaning "pieces of waste [from a perforated tape]" (no quotation marks are >employed in the specs.).
	listserv.linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0101D&L=ads-l&F=P&S=&P=18178 (826 words)

	LISTSERV 14.4
		Chadless punching is useful where it is undesirable to destroy information written or printed on the cards or tape or undesirable to produce chad.
		Only mechanical-feeler type reading mechanisms can be used to sense or read chadless tape or cards, since the presence of a chadin the tape would seriously hamper the reliable electrical or photoelectric reading of the paper tape or (Col. 2--ed.) punched cards.
		Chadless punched paper tape must be sensed by mechanical (Col. 2--ed.)fingers, for the presence of chad un the tape would interfere with reliable electrical or photoelectric reading of the paper tape.
	listserv.linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0011d&L=ads-l&P=2513 (727 words)

	baudot.net - Creed & Company, Ltd.
		As these machines also contain tape sensing contacts, the clutch may be wired in series with the sensing contacts to automatically stop transmission at the end of the tape.
		This is a non-printing tape reperforator, introduced in 1931, which uses a number of assemblies which are common to the model 7 teleprinter.
		The perforator is designed to produce "chadless" tape, which means that the holes in the tape are not punched cleanly, but the chads are still attached to the tape by means of a small flap.
	www.baudot.net /creed.htm (3678 words)

	Photographs of the 30th Communications Squadron Message Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Directly below it is one gate for transmitting by either chad or chadless tape.
		The other gate is a tape gate used for encrypting classified messages.
		The unit below it is a tape gate used for decoding incoming classified messages.
	www.ajwheat2002.us /recollectionsp5/index.html (239 words)

	Chad (paper) Information
		Chads are paper particles created when holes are made in a computer punched tape or punch card.
		Chads were made famous in the highly contentious 2000 presidential election in the United States, where a majority in the U.S. Electoral College was determined in Florida by the counting of punch card ballots.
		Snopes Urban Legend - Debunking the Chadless keypunch etymology
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Chad_(paper) (318 words)

	ipedia.com: Punched tape Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The first use of paper tape predates computers, it was Thomas Edision and his Stock Ticker machines also his Repeating Telegraph.
		Eventually the school also purchased a High Speed Photo Tape Reader, which consisted of 8 light sensors and could read a tape at the blinding speed of 50 inches per second (a similar photo reader also came with the DEC PDP 15).
		Repairing a mispunched or torn tape was a process of gluing a strip of punched tape over the damaged area.
	www.ipedia.com /punched_tape.html (713 words)

	An Introduction to
		Associated with this is an additional advantage that allows the operator to leave the equipment running indefinitely on a specific frequency and his friends can leave a message anytime during the day or night-thus offering the advantages of scheduled operation without presenting the restrictions of both operators being present at the same time, or even.
		These tapes often contain "QSL Cards" which have their call letters and a quick run-down of the station equipment as well as a typed-in verification of the contact and date.
		Since even a short conversation would use a lot of tape on the strip printer, these are of almost no interest to the amateur and can be obtained for as low as $10, Their primary value is for spare parts for other machines.
	207-207-72-42.ip.theriver.com /development/literature/introduction_to_RTTY.htm (4887 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Datasets much larger than a few dozen kilobytes are impractical to handle in paper tape format.
		Although many magnetic tapes have deteriorated over time to the point that the data on them has been irretrievably lost, punched tape can be read many decades later.
		The hole patterns can be decoded visually if necessary, and torn tape can be repaired (using special all-hole pattern tape splices).
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Punched_tape (1256 words)

	Douglas W. Jones's chad page
		The theory that chad is a back formation from the surname Chadless almost certainly began as a joke, as did the theory that the name is an acronym for "card hole aggregate debris".
		There was indeed a chadless paper tape punch, it was designed so that the chad remained attached to the tape, an example of what later came to be called hanging chad, although in this case, it was deliberate and did not cause read errors.
		The classic IBM punched card readers of the first half of the 20th century were prone to jams, and a piece of hanging chad, particularly one firmly hinged at one end, would have almost certainly guaranteed a jam.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/cards/chad.html (4866 words)

	Punched tape
		Many professional embroidery operations still refer to those individuals who create the designs and machine patterns as "punchers", even though punched cards and paper tape were eventually phased out, after many years of use, in the
		Punched tape was eventually also used as a way of storing messages for
		Paper tape also was the basis of what may be the single most important invention in cryptography, the Vernam cipher.
	en.efactory.pl /Punched_tape (559 words)

	chad - definition by dict.die.net
		It's reported that this was very old Army slang (associated with teletypewriters before the computer era), and has been occasionally sighted in directions for punched-card vote tabulators long after it passed out of live use among computer programmers in the late 1970s.
		Note however that in the revived mainstream usage chad is not a mass noun and `a chad' is a single piece of the stuff.
		However, serious attempts to track down "Chadless" as a personal name or U.S. trademark have failed, casting doubt on this etymology - and the U.S. Patent Classification System uses "chadless" (small c) as an adjective, suggesting that "chadless" derives from "chad" and not the other way around.
	dict.die.net /chad (799 words)

	ETCRRM
		Next, the keystream tape would be lined up in such a way that the highlighted index number on the tape was right over top of the tape reader pins.
		Following that, the gate was clipped down on the tape reader and the operator would switch to Cipher mode.
		This is an example of the chadless tape output from a Creed reperforator.
	www.jproc.ca /crypto/etcrrm.html (879 words)

	Honolulu Star-Bulletin Editorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to dictionary.com, these chad (or "chaff," "computer confetti," "keypunch droppings") are "the confetti-like bits punched out of punched cards or paper tape." Specifically, they are the paper from the pukas in a punch-card ballot.
		According to the Web site www.jargonfile.org, "the word derives from the Chadless keypunch (named for its inventor), which cut little u-shaped tabs in the card to make a hole when the tab folded back, rather than punching out a circle/rectangle.
		The tapes were different colors depending on whether the circuit was unclassified, confidential or secret.
	starbulletin.com /2000/11/18/editorial/flanagan.html (358 words)

	Wordorigins.org
		Since most of the computing world has abandoned punch cards and paper tape, the term has fallen out of use except in specialized applications such as voting.
		The present innovation provides a perforating arrangement whereby the perforations are not completely cut out, but the chads are permitted to remain attached to the perforated material.
		There is also the adjective chadless, referring to perforation that does not leave chads behind (important because the bits of paper can foul machinery).
	www.wordorigins.org /index.php/site/comments/chad (394 words)

	MMD Archives: Paper Chad
		The data could be sent by feeding a pre-punched paper tape through the tape reader on the machine.
		I recall that there were two types of tape used, "chad" tape and "chadless" tape.
		One had cleanly punched holes and on the other the hole was cut on three sides and the bit of paper from the hole was still attached and hanging from the fourth side.
	mmd.foxtail.com /Archives/Digests/200101/2001.01.01.03.html (230 words)

	punched tape \| TutorGig.co.uk Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Codes for punched tape for numerically controlled machine tools (Briti..
		The dimensions of punched paper tape for data processing (British stan..
		Representation on one inch punched tape of 6 and 7 bit coded character..
	www.tutorgig.co.uk /ed/punched_tape (759 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		O A white to yellow or red member of the zeolite group occurring in glassy rhombohedral crystals; hardness is 4-5 on Mohs scale, and specific gravity is 2.08-2.16.
		] Paper tape in which the perforations for code characters are made by an incomplete circular cut, with the resulting flap of material folded aside.
		] Paper tape in which perforations for code characters are completely punched out.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/C/C17/DictC17.html (1883 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: Business (Chad)
		We use the word "CHAD" to refer to the little square bits of paper that do not completely separate from punch card ballots when voters poke a hole in the ballot to mark their choice.
		However, his name was soon forgotten because the users of his technology made the mistaken assumption that the "Chadless Keypunch" was so called for the benefit of providing keypunch operation "without chad." By such historical accidents does our lexicon evolve.
		With all the interest in chads generated by the 2000 presidential election, it was inevitable this apocryphal etymology for the word 'chad' would resurface with a vengeance.
	www.snopes.com /business/names/chad.asp (396 words)

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