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Topic: Chalk river unidentified deposits

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	Chalk River Laboratories - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By 1944 the Chalk River Labs were opened and in September, 1945 the facility saw the first nuclear reactor outside of the United States go operational.
		Chalk River Labs are also near the site of Canada's first nuclear power plant, a partnership between AECL and Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, which went online in 1962.
		Chalk River Labs remain an AECL facility to this day and are used as both a research (in partnership with the NRC) and production facility (on behalf of AECL) in support of other Canadian electrical utilities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chalk_River (425 words)

	CRUD - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Look up CRUD, crud in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
		CRUD (acronym), Create, Read, Update, and Delete, the basic functions of a database in computing
		Chalk river unidentified deposits, in nuclear engineering a type of radioactive solid which can disturb the process through encouraging the formation of emulsions known often as third phases.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/CRUD (146 words)

	Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex, England. (Geological Page)
		Sedimentary deposits of foraminiferans such as Globigerina and coccoliths (microscopic plankton with a calcium carbonate shell) lay down the chalk (Pic) which is rock of the South Downs near Shoreham.
		The landscape of southeastern England is shaped by an undulating bed of thick white chalk, consisting of a pure limestone speckled with flint nodules in the upper beds.
		The chalk floor of the basin carries a sequence of clays and sands of the Tertiary Period (those 1.6 to 66.4 million years old), chiefly the stiff, gray-blue London Clay, which lies up to 433 feet thick under the metropolis and supports most of its tunnels and deeper foundations.
	www.glaucus.org.uk /Geo2.htm (853 words)

	Do It the Wright Way!,UnionMillwrights, Millwrights,Ron Oliver,union, gravy sucking ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The term is actually an acronym for Chalk River Unidentified Deposits, the Canadian plant at which the activated deposits were first discovered.
		Furthermore, the biological dose or dose equivalent, given in rem or sieverts, is a measure of the biological damage to living tissue from the radiation exposure.
		The time required for the amount of a radioactive element deposited in a living organism to be diminished 50% as a result of the combined action of radioactive decay and biological elimination.
	users.adelphia.net /~mwron/nuke.html (9968 words)

	Malter Galleries Past Auctions
		unidentified tribe’s handicraft: a necklace comprised of discs of polished shell with pendant, also carved, in the form of a stylized bird with spread wings.
		New Guinea, Sepik River, a wooden bladed dagger, ceremonial, with a built-up clay face inlaid with cowrie and nassa shells.
		New Guinea, Sepik River, a large "gable" mask decorated with cowrie shells, feathers, rattan on a bamboo frame.
	www.maltergalleries.com /archives/auction97/10597cat.html (10254 words)

	The Book Of THoTH - Library - Alternative History - Strange Relics from the Depths of The Earth
		Though few specifics were given, one expert has calculated from the type of rock depicted, and its position on the river's edge, that the track must be at least 150 million years old, according to modern geologic dating.
		The early French explorers along the river were the first to note their existence, and ever since they have created a heated controversy.
		The strange "coin-medallion" was composed of an unidentified copper alloy, about the size and thickness of a U.S. quarter of that period.
	www.book-of-thoth.com /sections-viewarticle-661.html (9571 words)

	Definitions and Conversion Factors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		CRUD has now become a standard industry term referring to minute, solid, corrosion products that travel into the reactor core, become highly radioactive, and then flow out of the reactor into other systems in the plant.
		CRUD can settle out in crevices or plate-out on the inside of piping in considerable quantities...
		CRUD is a concentrated source of radiation and represents a significant radiological risk because of its insolubility." (United States Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Testimony of James K. Joosten, September 15, 1997, pg.
	www.davistownmuseum.org /cbm/Rad1.html (5989 words)

	Republic River Basin Final Environmental Impact Statement
		The study area for the project includes the entire drainage basin of the Republican River and its tributaries in Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas down to the upper end of Milford Lake in Kansas, as shown on the overview map.
		The Republican River Basin (Basin) is located in one of the most productive agricultural regions of the United States, with large acreages of winter wheat, sorghum grain and silage, dry beans, corn, and sugar beets.
		The public use areas associated with the Republican River reservoirs are considered valuable for recreation because so much of the land in Nebraska and Kansas (approximately 97 percent) is privately owned and because manmade reservoirs represent a significant portion of the surface water in both States.
	www.usbr.gov /gp/nepa/rep_riv_feis/feis_chap3.htm (9343 words)

	NukeWorker Slang
		Crud- Activated corrosion products that are heavier than water and settle out in bends, drains and other low spots or slow areas in the plumbing.
		And CRUD supposedly stood for Chalk River Unidentified Deposits, named for some unidentified materials found down river from an experimental station many years ago.
		CRUD: "...an acronym for 'Chalk River Unidentified Deposits.'...fl, highly radioactive substances found on the inside of piping and components at the Chalk River nuclear reactor...
	www.nukeworker.com /forum/index.php?topic=2791.msg612 (2426 words)

	EDA Solutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Because the activated deposits were first discovered at Chalk River, a Canadian nuclear plant, "crud" has been used as shorthand for Chalk River Unidentified Deposits.
		The total dose resulting from repeated exposures of ionizing radiation to an occupationally exposed worker to the same portion of the body, or to the whole body, over a period of time (see 10 CFR 20.1003).
		Particles (alpha, beta, neutrons) or photons(gamma) emitted from the nucleus of unstable radioactive atoms as a result of radioactive decay.
	www.millerjs.com /EDA/Glossary (11481 words)

	The Construction and Operation of the Tritium Extraction Facility at the Savannah River Site
		A practice or combination of practices that is determined by a state (or other planning agency) to be the most effective, practicable means of preventing pollution generated by nonpoint sources or reducing it to a level compatible with air or water quality goals.
		For the purposes of this EIS, crud (short for Chalk River Unidentified Deposits) refers to oxidation residue attached to targets.
		The relatively flat valley floors adjacent to and formed by rivers subject to flooding.
	www.eh.doe.gov /nepa/docs/deis/EIS0271D/glossary.htm (3440 words)

	NRC: Full-Text Glossary
		The total dose resulting from repeated exposures of ionizing radiation to an occupationally exposed worker to the same portion of the body, or to the whole body, over time (see 10 CFR 20.1003).
		The time required for the amount of a radioactive element deposited in a living organism to be diminished 50 percent as a result of the combined action of radioactive decay and biological elimination.
		Particles (alpha, beta, neutrons) or photons (gamma) emitted from the nucleus of unstable radioactive atoms as a result of radioactive decay.
	www.nrc.gov /reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/full-text.html (12450 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The tidal flow in the Sheepscot River has the capacity to sweep effluents north to Wiscasset and then down the east branch of the Sheepscot River on the backside of Westport Island.
		“CRUD is an acronym for ‘Chalk River Unidentified Deposits.’ These were fl, highly radioactive substances found on the inside of piping and components at the Chalk River nuclear reactor many years ago.
		CRUD is a concentrated source of radiation and represents a significant radiological risk because of its insolubility” (Testimony of James K. Joosten before the United States Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 1997, pg.
	www.davistownmuseum.org /cbm/Rad9cI.htm (11514 words)

	Monday, July 31, 1989 The WASHINGTON POST
		The federal government is still searching for a permanent site for disposing of "high-level" waste, the intensely radioactive spent fuel from nuclear reactors, and is testing a proposed site at Yucca Mountain, Nev. But Congress handed the low-level waste problem back to the states.
		Diane D'Arrigo, a waste specialist for the Nuclear Information and Resource Service, said most of the waste to be disposed of in the state dumps is CRUD, an acronym for Chalk River Unidentified Deposits, after the Canadian plant where it was first identified.
		CRUD is essentially radioactive rust from the pipes in nuclear power plants.
	www.prop1.org /2000/accident/rockyfla/890631a1.htm (961 words)

	FoE Case at Nirex RCF Inquiry/Reeves[PE/FOE/4]
		Using a growing network of observation boreholes drilled into both the confined and water table areas of the chalk aquifer, an extensive baseline record of groundwater measurements, concentrating particularly on the Lambourn valley, were a major feature of the investigation project.
		The early site evaluation research work at White Lake, Chalk River and Whiteshell was aimed at developing and testing equipment and methods to measure the physical and chemical characteristics of crystalline rocks at a relatively small scale of investigation i.e.
		This could in turn be transmitted to permeable superficial deposits to the West (in the Newmill Beck) and to the exposed outcrop of St. Bees Sandstone in the East in the vicinity of Gosforth.
	www.foe.co.uk /archive/nirex/foe4.html (10412 words)

	NucNews - January 15, 2000
		Still, the document is laced with Soviet-style references to "some countries," generally unidentified but clearly the United States and Europe nations, said to be bent on global hegemony and thwarting Russia's ambitions.
		The land, which is believed to contain oil-rich shale deposits, was given to the Utes in 1882.
		The uranium is polluting the Colorado River and ground water.
	nucnews.net /nucnews/2000nn/0001nn/000115nn.htm (14217 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		Unidentified thieves broke into the Moscow apartment of Atomic Energy Minister Aleksandr Rumyantsev during the day on 13 February, lenta.ru and other Russian news agencies reported on 14 February, citing police spokesmen.
		An unidentified source told the newspaper that Ulyanovsk Oblast Governor Vladimir Shamanov was among the purchasers.
		Amrollahi said that the water would come from the Karkheh and Karun rivers in southern Iran, "which are currently unused and flow into the Persian Gulf." Iranian Energy Minister Habibullah Bitaraf and Kuwaiti Minister of Electricity and Water Talal al-Ayyar on 13 January signed an agreement on cooperation in the water sector, IRNA reported.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2003/02/140203.asp (10130 words)

	AECL Seminar ~ A Plutonium/Thorium Economy in Canada
		Similarly, an optimist could claim that if we are able to recover from nature the same percentage of uranium as is thought to be recoverable in the case of fossil fuels, the once-through fuel cycle would be able to supply sufficient energy for a world population of 10 billion for the next 10,000 years.
		However, having uranium in some unidentified deposit at an unidentified concentration and having sufficient uranium delivered at reasonable cost in timely fashion are two entirely different propositions.
		We need a start this year on a pilot plant for reprocessing and waste solidification to be operational by 1981, and we will need a second fuel fabrication pilot line for uranium-233 fuel to be operational by 1986.
	www.ccnr.org /aecl_plute_seminar.html (8615 words)

	Plant Guide to Santa Margarita River Trail, Fallbrook, North San Diego County (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		There is a stream gauge in a concrete block building with an antenna on it in the parking lot.
		Note the soot layer 90 cm down, which is either from a long-ago fire, or from an organic layer which burned in February 2002.
		This plant was killed in 2002 as part of the 5 year program to remove Arundo from the Santa Margarita River watershed.
	tchester.org /fb/plants/guides/smr.html (1214 words)

	Skeptical News
		In this context, we are obliged to mention a most improbable connection proposed by chemical engineer S. Mori in a paper presented at the Spring 2000 meeting of the American Geophysical Union.
		In his paper, Mori said that positively charged oil deposits underground establish polarity with negatively charged oxygen ions at the surface.
		When a thunderstorm passes over the oil field, he thinks this subsurface polarity links up with the electric polarity established between clouds and ground, creating the vacuum that spawns the tornado.
	www.ntskeptics.org /news/news2001-05-07.htm (10354 words)

	Nuclear Accident Reference Page for 1944 Through 1959 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Two physicists are working on top of the ZEEP reactor at Chalk River, Canada.
		In the sixth year of operation of Canada's NRX research reactor in Chalk River, a complicated series of operator errors and safety system malfunctions leads to a massive power excursion which causes partial meltdown of the core.
		A June test deposits even higher levels of radiation on Troy, NY than the 26 April incident.
	www.chris-winter.com /Digressions/Nuke-Goofs/Refs-4050.html (7155 words)

	Water decolourisation - Touring and Tenting
		It took about 4 months to do our area and about a week to do our road...
		They cut into the mains pipe and stuck this flail like object into the pipe that spins and bashes of all the old crud!!!
		You would be surprised at the amount of fl s***t that came out.
	www.touringandtenting.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=6550 (1045 words)

	NucNews - November 30, 1999
		So attention is turning to next spring's warm-up, and researchers all along the mid-Atlantic Coast are stepping up their monitoring activities, from satellite observations to aircraft surveys to old-fashioned measurements from boats, in an attempt to track what happens.
		So far as is known, this is the first time that virtually every river basin feeding the estuary has flooded at the same time, said Dr. Pat Tester, an oceanographer with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration based in Beaufort, N.C., whose research team is coordinating the air-sea-satellite monitoring.
		These include, for instance, increased erosion caused by the cutting of forests and plowing of fields, deposition of pesticides and of nutrients in the form of fertilizer from farms and lawns, livestock waste and sewage systems that overflow in floods.
	nucnews.net /nucnews/1999nn/9911nn/991130nn.htm (20280 words)

	Free Dominion :: View topic - Nuclear WMD "WHAT IF's"...
		Unidentified shot from Operation Tumbler-Snapper (1952; kiloton range).
		Visible along the bottom of the fireball's surface are what have been referred to as 'rope tricks'.
		tailings deposits in the building materials or in the landfill under them.
	www.freedominion.ca /phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=419036 (12841 words)

	Interfaith Nunnery: 12/07/2003 - 12/13/2003
		Give THEM the contracts, and then we might get something done.
		Well Dad came home from work and told me about someone he saw who worked on the Manhattan Project, who told him that Crud was a term used for the unidentified deposits they pulled from the Chalk River when searching for uranium.
		This fascinated me, so I looked it up on the web and here is what I found:
	nunnews.blogspot.com /2003_12_07_nunnews_archive.html (823 words)

	Texas Radiation Online - Glossary
		The walls are two to three feet thick and have a sloping roof to aid water runoff.
		The units of absorbed dose are rad and gray.
		CRBR: Clinch River Breeder Reactor, controlled-recirculation boiling-water reactor [NUREG-0544]
	www.texasradiation.org /radgloss.html (10172 words)

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