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Topic: Challenge-response authentication

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Challenge-response authentication - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The simplest example of a challenge-response protocol is password authentication, where the challenge is asking for the password and the valid response is the correct password. In computer security, challenge-response authentication is a family of protocols in which one party presents a question ("challenge") and another party must provide a valid answer ("response") to be authenticated. One way this is done involves using the password as the encryption key to transmit some randomly-generated information as the challenge, whereupon the other end must return as its response a similarly-encrypted value which is some predetermined function of the originally-offered information, thus proving that it was able to decrypt the challenge. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Challenge-response_authentication   (662 words)

com.ibm.atp.auth (Aglets Development Kit) class is the class for challenge-response authentication by message digest. class is random byte sequence which is a challenge for authentication. class is byte sequence which is a response authentication. aglets.sourceforge.net /doc/com/ibm/atp/auth/package-summary.html   (40 words)

11 Access Authentication HTTP provides a simple challenge-response authentication mechanism which MAY be used by a server to challenge a client request and by a client to provide authentication information. The 401 (Unauthorized) response message is used by an origin server to challenge the authorization of a user agent. The response MUST include a WWW-Authenticate header field containing the (possibly new) challenge applicable to the requested resource and an entity explaining the refusal. www.freesoft.org /CIE/RFC/2068/113.htm   (474 words)

challenge-response authentication When a user contacts a server, the server responds with a challenge, upon which the user then performs a cryptographic operation and returns the result to the server. A method of authentication used by Microsoft Windows 2000 and other operating systems. The server then performs the same operation, and if the two results are the same, the user is considered authentic. www.coffeycountyks.org /Terms/2461HTML-444.html   (61 words)

Challenge Response Authentication The server examines the response to determine if it confirms that the responding client has knowledge of the password of the user that is attempting the authentication. The client combines its password with the server’s challenge in a special way that is defined by the Challenge response mechanism, and sends this combination back to the server. This string of bytes is known as the “challenge”. database.sarang.net /database/ldap/presentation/sld047.htm   (89 words)

Using Challenge-Response Authentication Example_Challenge_Auth is there to demonstrate advanced usage of PHP and Javascript and to show off the flexibility of the library base classes: The Challenge-Response authentication scheme has been implemented completely and naturally in local.inc by subclassing Auth with no alteration of library code. As distributed, local.inc contains an example class named Example_Challenge_Auth, which uses a Challenge-Response authentication scheme. The basic idea behind this authentication scheme is simple: $auth->auth_loginform() creates a challenge value which is incorporated into this form. www.sanisoft.com /phplib/manual/html/auth_Response.html   (242 words)

Encyclopedia: Challenge response authentication Each challenge value SHOULD also be unpredictable, least an attacker trick a peer into responding to a predicted future challenge, and then use the response to masquerade as that peer to an authenticator. The one-way hash algorithm is chosen such that it is computationally infeasible to determine the secret from the known challenge and response values. To avoid sending the secret over other links in the network, it is recommended that the challenge and response values be examined at a central server, rather than each network access server. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Challenge_response-authentication   (240 words)

ScottLog » htua and utah : challenge-response authentication in html/js ScottLog » htua and utah : challenge-response authentication in html/js htua and utah : challenge-response authentication in html/js On the server side, the session variants of the timestamp and random hex key (which should be the same as the user’s) are hashed with the user’s password (from the system’s user database). numist.net /blog/htua   (692 words)

OpenSSH PAM challenge/authentication error The ssh2 protocol supports a wide range of authentication mechanisms, including a generic challenge / response mechanism, called `keyboard-interactive' or `kbdint', which can be adapted to serve any authentication scheme in which the server and client exchange a arbitrarily long series of challenges and responses. 3) When challenge / response authentication is used with protocol version 1, and a legitimate user interrupts challenge / response authentication but successfully authenticates through some other mechanism (such as password authentication), the server fails to reclaim resources allocated by the challenge / response mechanism, including the child process used for PAM authentication. OpenSSH contains interface code which allows kbdint authentication back-ends to be used for ssh1 TIS authentication, provided they only emit one challenge and expect only one response. www.securityfocus.com /advisories/5948   (1018 words)

...:::ECCT:::... Token: A "token" is an authentication too, a device utilized to send and receive challenges and responses during the user authentication process. Authentication: The process of establishing the legitimacy of a node or user before allowing access to requested information. Authentication Tool: A software or hand-held hardware "key" or "token" utilized during the user authentication process. www.ecct.net /index.cfm?fuseaction=Glossary   (7137 words)

Generic challenge-repsonse aunetication in ssh2 Challenge-response Authentication Method This method permits interaction between the server and the client during the authentication phase. Since the client initiates the authentication session there is no challenge from the server when the first packet is sent. The response string contains the reply from the user to the last challenge received from the server. www.mail-archive.com /ssh@clinet.fi/msg00172.html   (1134 words)

Challenge-response authentication and key exchange for a connectionless security protocol (US6377691) The challenge response is the unique identifier contained within the challenge encrypted with the password of the user of the client computer. Upon receiving the challenge response, the server C-R component uses its copy of the client's password to create its own version of the challenge response and compares it to the version received from the client C-R component. If the two versions of the challenge response are identical, the identity of the user of the client computer has been verified. www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06377691__   (727 words)

World War 1 and 2 - Challenge-response test If the person or entity provides an adequate response to the challenges, then it is deemed that this person or entity has passed the test. A challenge-response test is a test involving a set of questions (or "challenges"), that the person or other entity has to answer in order to pass the test. The Turing test for artificial intelligence is a good example of challenge-response. www.worldwardiary.com /history/Challenge-response_test   (135 words)

CERT Advisory CA-2002-18 OpenSSH Vulnerabilities in Challenge Response Handling If the challenge response configuration option is set to yes and the system is using SKEY or BSD_AUTH authentication then a remote intruder may be able to exploit the vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. The second vulnerability is a buffer overflow involving the number of responses received during challenge response authentication. The first vulnerability is an integer overflow in the handling of the number of responses received during challenge response authentication. www.cert.org /advisories/CA-2002-18.html   (2851 words)

Challenge-Response Authentication If matches the challenge message, was encrypted with the true party’s private key, which only the true party should know Verifier decrypts the response message with the true party’s public key csc.colstate.edu /summers/notes/cs557/3c10/Authentication/tsld008.htm   (31 words)

IIS authentication methods: What and when The NT Challenge/Response authentication method was developed in response to the basic authentication method. Integrated Windows is the same as NT Challenge/Response, but if the client is a Windows 2000 system with IIS 5.0+ and is a domain member then Kerberos is used instead of the one-way hash process. The anonymous authentication method doesn't require the visiting user to provide logon credentials but they are still authenticated to the IIS host. searchsecurity.techtarget.com /tip/1,289483,sid14_gci838747,00.html   (490 words)

FreeS/WAN glossary An attacker cannot record the response to one challenge and use it as a response to a later challenge. An authentication system in which one player generates a random number, encrypts it and sends the result as a challenge. authentication to be certain they are talking to each other, then an attacker able to insert himself in the communication path can deceive both players. www.freeswan.org /freeswan_snaps/CURRENT-SNAP/doc/glossary.html   (10741 words)

CRAM - a Whatis.com definition - see also: challenge-response authentication mechanism CRAM (challenge-response authentication mechanism) is the two-level scheme for authenticating network users that is used as part of the Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Using the CRAM, the server (or, alternatively, a proxy server or gateway) issues a challenge to a user in the form of a "401 unauthorized" request for a password. The two levels are basic authentication and digest authentication. searchwebservices.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid26_gci861581,00.html   (318 words)

kbAlertz: Historically, Windows NT supports two variants of challenge/response authentication for network logons: LAN Manager (LM) challenge/response Windows NT challenge/response (also known as NTLM version 1 challenge/response) The LM Before you enable NTLM 2 authentication for Windows 98 clients, verify that all domain controllers for users who log on to your network from these clients are running Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4 or later. Clients use NTLM authentication, and use NTLM 2 session security if the server supports it; domain controllers refuse LM authentication (that is, they accept NTLM and NTLM 2). Description: This parameter specifies the mode of authentication and session security to be used for network logons. www.kbalertz.com /kb_Q239869.aspx   (1653 words)

Challenge/Response Authentication Services - SpamHelp The sender only needs to complete the challenge once, and their email, and all future emails that they send you, will immediately be placed in your inbox. SpamBlock uses a CAPTCHA challenge that is emailed back to the sender to veify the authenticity of their email. Source-Authentication authenticates the source of email messages through the sender's own source point where they are able to access mail. www.spamhelp.org /services/services.php?cat=6   (702 words)

(WO 03/107712) METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CHALLENGE-RESPONSE USER AUTHENTICATION (57) A challenge-response authentication procedure includes masking of the expected response (XRES) generated by an authentication center by means of a masking function (f), and transmission of the masked expected response (XRES’), instead of the expected response itself, to an intermediate party at which the actual user authentication takes place. In order to authenticate the user, the intermediate party then verifies that the masked user response (RES’) corresponds to the masked expected response (XRES’) received from the authentication center. The intermediate party also receives a user response (RES) from the user and generates a masked user response (RES’) using the same masking function (f) as the authentication center did. wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/107712.031224&...   (207 words)

chalresp.txt In any case, if you do develop some sort of network program that needs authentication devices, and you aren't willing to encrypt all traffic, at least use challenge-response authentication. A potential weakness in CRA is if the server sends out the same challenge more than once, an attacker who recorded the hash of the first authentication can simply replay the hash, gaining access without even knowing the password. Generally, secure authentication is thought to be difficult to do, and often not worth the trouble. www.nettwerked.net /chalresp.txt   (831 words)

rfc2195.txt The base64 encoding of the challenges and responses is part of the IMAP4 AUTHENTICATE command, not part of the CRAM specification itself. Abstract While IMAP4 supports a number of strong authentication mechanisms as described in RFC 1731, it lacks any mechanism that neither passes cleartext, reusable passwords across the network nor requires either a significant security infrastructure or that the mail server update a mail-system-wide user authentication file on each mail access. The data encoded in the first ready response contains an presumptively arbitrary string of random digits, a timestamp, and the fully-qualified primary host name of the server. www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc2195.txt   (1240 words)

IIS Authentication Methods When a user is authenticated using Windows NT Challenge/Response, the user is logged on to the Web server computer as a network logon. In Basic Authentication, the user is always logged on with local logon rights, which is similar to the user's logging on for an interactive session at the computer's console. Anonymous authentication gives access to users who do not have their own accounts on the host machine via a special "anonymous" account. www.rtr.com /fpsupport/serk4.0/scwin_2.htm   (1014 words)

ISS X-Force Database: openssh-challenge-response-bo(9169): OpenSSH "Challenge-Response" authentication buffer overflow When a challenge is generated, the user is expected to supply a number of responses to verify their identity. The response the user sends supplies an integer that indicates how many responses they are supplying, followed by the responses themselves. By supplying an overly large integer to indicate the number of responses, a remote attacker could overflow a buffer and execute arbitrary code on the system with root privileges. xforce.iss.net /xforce/xfdb/9169   (1019 words)

ssh-procedures Step 2: Actual use of the the RSA challenge-response mode with an agent To do this you first have to set up an authentication agent and tell it your identity, then comfortably run comands on the remote machine (without spending precious time with typing passwords/phrases), and finally kill the agent when you are done with playing on the remote machine. The server sends the client a challenge, which is a random number encrypted with the public key from the remote machine. www.cag.lcs.mit.edu /%7Erugina/ssh-procedures   (924 words)

How to disable LM authentication on Windows NT LM authentication is not as strong as Windows NT authentication so some customers may want to disable its use, because an attacker eavesdropping on network traffic will attack the weaker protocol. LM authentication is not as strong as NTLM or NTLMv2 because the algorithm allows passwords longer than 7 characters to be attacked in 7 character chunks. This response can pass through downlevel LM servers and SP3 or earlier Windows NT servers and their domain controllers as long as the users' domain controllers have been upgraded to SP4. support.microsoft.com /support/kb/articles/q147/7/06.asp   (2003 words)

米国特許公開公報 20030093680 - Methods, apparatus and computer programs performing a mutual challenge-response authentication protocol using operating system capabilities This ensures that both the client and server have access to an equivalent cipher-protected client password?providing a shared secret for driving a mutual challenge-response authentication protocol without having to convert the password into cleartext at the server. Methods, apparatus and computer programs performing a mutual challenge-response authentication protocol using operating system capabilities 米国特許公開公報 20030093680 - Methods, apparatus and computer programs performing a mutual challenge-response authentication protocol using operating system capabilities cxp.paterra.com /jp/uspregrant20030093680.html   (168 words)

challenge response authentication Some robots index the HTML Titles that contain challenge response authentication and keep them in their database whilst others will look for challenge response authentication in the first few paragraphs, or parse the entire HTML and index all words. We have researched the challenge response authentication subject day and night and can guarantee that the people have the best. We have made it easy for you and of course this company stands behind their challenge response authentication with total satisfaction guarantees. www.authenticationindex.com /identity-authentication/challenge-response-authentication.html   (219 words)

Challenge-Response Authentication This challenge message is a string of bits csc.colstate.edu /summers/notes/cs557/3c10/Authentication/tsld006.htm   (8 words)

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