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Topic: Chandrayaan 1

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	CoverStory: Destination moon; Jan 11, 2004. The Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Goel has calculated the weight of all the instruments on Chandrayaan and found that there would be space for another 10 kg.
		Chandrayaan's high-energy X-ray mapping camera will be looking for elements of high atomic numbers such as 222 radon, and its radioactive daughter, 210 plumbum.
		China's Chaang'e-1 is expected to be launched at the same time as Chandrayaan with almost the same objective-obtaining a three-dimen-sional map of the moon's surface.
	www.the-week.com /24jan11/cover.htm (2740 words)

	NASA to send instruments on board Chandrayaan-1
		US space agency NASA is to enter into an agreement with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Tuesday to send two scientific instruments on board Chandrayaan-I, the country's first unmanned moon mission.
		Said the official: "The American instruments will be part of the Chandrayaan payload, which will have 15-20 instruments, including 11 from India and three from the European Space Agency.
		Chandrayaan-I will be launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on the east coast of Andhra Pradesh, using the new polar satellite launch vehicle (PSLV).
	news.webindia123.com /news/Articles/Science/20060507/326833.html (309 words)

	PERMANENT - Lunar Materials - Probes
		Clementine 1 left lunar orbit to rendezvous with near Earth asteroid 1620 Geographos, but a computer malfunction caused the spacecraft to fail before it reached the asteroid.
		The data from Clementine 1 and Lunar Prospector make obsolete much of the data from previous lunar orbiters, but does not make obsolete the data from the Apollo samples and other imaging and geophysical data from other landers in the 1960s and 1970s.
		Data from all the lunar probes, including the massive amounts of detailed data from Clementine 1 and Lunar Prospector, are open to the public and can be acquired by internet at the NASA National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) at http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/moonpage.html or ordered on CD-ROMs.
	www.permanent.com /l-probes.htm (1202 words)

	NASA contributes to Indian moonshot - MSNBC Wire Services - MSNBC.com
		The Chandrayaan 1 orbiter is designed to map the moon with a variety of instruments, including two NASA devices.
		The mission, called Chandrayaan 1, is set to launch in 2007 or 2008, according to the ISRO Web site, and will map the lunar surface using an array of sensors.
		Chandrayaan 1 will also carry three scientific instruments from European research centers.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/12703301/from/RSS (497 words)

	ESA backs India's moon mission : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Under the historical agreement, the ESA has agreed to provide three instruments for the remote-sensing spacecraft, which will be identical to those currently in orbit around the moon on ESA's Smart 1 spacecraft.
		Launched in 2003, Smart 1 is currently surveying the key chemical elements in the lunar surface.
		ISRO plans to send a 1050 kg (523 kg initial orbit mass and 440 kg dry mass) remote sensing satellite to help unravel mysteries about the origin and evolution of the solar system in general and the moon in particular.
	www.hindustantimes.com /2005/Apr/16/181_1290837,00040005.htm (301 words)

	Chandrayaan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Delays are also common as launches are sometimes cancelled.
		Chandrayaan I (Sanskrit चंद्रयान-1) which literally means "Moon Craft" is an unmanned lunar mission by the Indian Space Research Organization The mission includes a lunar orbiter as well as an impacter.
		The spacecraft will be launched by a modified version of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chandrayaan (808 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Europe backs Indian Moon mission
		The Chandrayaan 1 remote-sensing spacecraft is due to depart on the South Asian nation's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle in 2007/2008.
		The three instruments supplied for Chandrayaan 1 will be identical to those currently in orbit around the Moon on Esa's Smart 1 spacecraft - a demonstrator probe that is trialling new and miniaturised technologies.
		Smart 1 has just begun a comprehensive survey of the key chemical elements in the lunar surface.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/4371587.stm (221 words)

	ESA Science & Technology: SMART-1 Mission Extension Approved
		The XSM solar monitor has measured the temporal variations of the Sun in the spectral range from 1 to 10 keV, and has detected number of flares during the cruise, in particular showing the changes in the flare continuum and Fe line.
		Due to its small, 1 milli-radian, field-of-view (FOV) and telemetry limitations, the SIR spectrometer will only cover a few percent of the surface during the first 6 months.
		The SIR spectrometric and AMIE colour measurements are done optimally near noon-midnight conditions (within ± 30°), which is possible only during an epoch of 2 months every 6 months.
	sci.esa.int /science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=36528 (996 words)

	Missions to the Moon - Explore the Cosmos \| The Planetary Society
		Ranger 1 was the first US spacecraft designed to test the feasibility of going into a parking orbit around Earth before heading out to the Moon.
		Surveyor 1 was the first spacecraft from the United States to perform a controlled landing on the surface of the Moon, at 2.45 S, Surveyor 1 took more than 11,100 images of the lunar landscape during its 6-week mission.
		The sealed capsule, containing 30 grams (1 ounce) of lunar rocks and dust, landed in the Soviet Union on February 25 and was retrieved the following day.
	www.planetary.org /explore/topics/our_solar_system/the_moon/missions.html (3695 words)

	PIB Press Release
		Scientists believe there are about 1 million tons of helium 3 on the moon - enough to satisfy Earth’s energy needs for thousands of years.
		Another way to supply Earth with energy is to harvest solar power from the moon.
		According to scientists harnessing just 1 percent of the moon’s solar energy could replace fossil fuel power plants on Earth.
	pib.nic.in /release/release.asp?relid=10185 (896 words)

	Moon Society: Moon Society Lunar Mission Update #1
		The past few months have seen greatly increased attention to the Moon, accompanied by an upsurge in mission proposals and announcements.
		The Chandrayaan mission will also carry 10 kg worth of science experiments developed outside the Indian space program; proposals have already been received from the US and several other countries.
		ISRO chairman G Madhavan Nair has explicitly mentioned the potential for use of helium-3, so resources are an issue for India too.
	www.moonsociety.org /2004-kb/moon_update_2004_04.html (1038 words)

	Chandrayan Bristles With High Tech ESA and NASA payloads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It’s core payload includes monochrome imaging at ~ 5 m/pixel, a hyperspectral imager (color camera) that images the Moon at 80 m/pixel, a laser altimeter (1 Hz freq.) and an X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer to map the light elements (e.g., Si, Al) of the surface.
		Chandrayaan will be launched by India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle in 2007/2008.
		If Chandrayaan lasts for an extended time in lunar orbit (nominal mission end is August, 2009), scientists hope to conduct a bistatic imaging experiment with the US Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.
	kuku.sawf.org /Articles/809.aspx (863 words)

	A Giant Leap Towards The Moon
		Tiny Airborne Particles are a Major Cause of Climate Change, 1 hour ago
		Not at all - 1 2 3 4 5 - Highly
		No wonder there is a new wave of research beginning with several countries racing towards the moon.
	www.physorg.com /news5203.html (1209 words)

	NASA's Solar System Exploration: News & Events: 07.07.99: NASA Selects Missions to Mercury and a Comet's Interior as ...
		The Deep Impact mission will send a 1,100-pound (500- kilogram) copper projectile into comet P/Tempel 1, creating a crater as big as a football field and as deep as a seven-story building.
		A camera and infrared spectrometer on the spacecraft, along with ground-based observatories, will study the resulting icy debris and pristine interior material.
		It will use a copper projectile because that material can be identified easily within the spectral observations of the material blasted off the comet by the impact, which will occur at an approximate speed of 22,300 mph (10 kilometers per second.) The total cost of Deep Impact to NASA is $240 million.
	solarsystem.nasa.gov /news/display.cfm?News_ID=157 (759 words)

	domain-B : indian business : organisation : Space 2003: An overview
		Chandrayaan-1 is expected to be the forerunner for more ambitious planetary missions in the years to come.
		1 September 2003: G Madhavan Nair, director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, took over as chairman, ISRO; secretary, department of space; and chairman, Space Commission.
		He took over from Dr K Kasturirangan, who was nominated as member, Rajya Sabha.
	www.domain-b.com /organisation/isro/20040102_overview.html (918 words)

	NASA's Solar System Exploration: News & Events: 11.12.98: Five Discovery Mission Proposals Selected for Feasibility ...
		Aladdin would be led by Dr. Carle Pieters of Brown University in Providence, RI, at a total mission cost to NASA, including launch vehicle and operations, of $247.7 million.
		Deep Impact, a flyby mission designed to fire an 1,100-pound (500 kilogram) copper projectile into the comet P/Tempel 1, excavating a large crater more than 65 feet (20 meters) deep, in order to expose its pristine interior ice and rock.
		Deep Impact would be led by Dr. Michael A'Hearn of the University of Maryland, College Park, at a total cost of $203.8 million.
	solarsystem.nasa.gov /news/display.cfm?News_ID=24 (964 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Science Tribune
		Another motor firing will put Chandrayaan in a near circular lunar orbit of about 1000 km.
		Then, at a speed of about 1 km per second, Chandrayaan will spend about two weeks going round the moon over both its poles.
		The scientific objectives of the Chandrayaan are likely to include a high resolution remote sensing of the moon in the visible, near infrared, low energy X-ray and high energy X-ray regions.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2004/20041029/science.htm (1697 words)

	ScienceDaily: NASA Agrees To Cooperate With India On Lunar Mission
		The mission will be the second test flight to the International Space Station in the Shuttle Return to Flight...
		NASA Gives Go For Space Shuttle Return To Flight (July 1, 2005) -- NASA has cleared the Space Shuttle to Return to Flight.
		On February 1, 1978, the first group of space shuttle astronauts, twenty-nine men and six women, were introduced to the world.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/05/060510093104.htm (1572 words)

	ISRO to upgrade PSLV for carrying heavier Chandrayaan - Deccan Herald - Internet Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Initially Chandrayaan-1’s dry mass was pegged on 465 kg, with new additions, weight of the payload without on-board fuel has increased to 490 kgs.
		“Though initially Chandrayaan-1’s dry mass was pegged on 465 kg, with new additions, the calculated dry mass (weight of the payload without the on-board fuel) has increased to 490 kgs,” Dr M Annadurai, project director for Chandrayaan mission told Deccan Herald.
		Also the probe will carry more than 80 kg fuel on board for its two-year stay in the lunar circuit.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/jul62005/national15539200575.asp (575 words)

	ESA-ISRO joint moon mission
		Indian and ESA scientists would share the data from the European instruments under the agreement signed by ISRO Chairman G Madhavan Nair and ESA Director General Jean Jacques Dordain, an ISRO statement said.
		The European contribution would include a low energy X-ray spectrometer called Chandrayaan Imaging X-ray spectrometer from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, the United Kingdom, to measure elemental abundance distributed over the lunar surface.
		Europe would contribute to the Indian experiment -- High Energy X-ray spectrometer and the European instruments would complement some main Indian experiments on Chandrayaan-1, the statement said.
	www.rediff.com /news/2005/jun/28esa.htm (255 words)

	Chandrayaan 1
		In addition six such payloads have been selected out of the proposals received from the international scientific community in response to the announcement of opportunity made earlier.
		Low energy (0.5-10 keV) X-ray spectrometer called Chandrayaan Imaging X-Ray Spectrometer from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, to measure elemental abundance distributed over the lunar surface using X-ray fluorescence technique.
		It will also include X-ray solar monitor to record the incident solar X-ray flux.
	www.skyrocket.de /space/doc_sdat/chandrayaan-1.htm (494 words)

	Shunya.in: NASA contributes payloads for chandrayaan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		NASA would be providing two payloads—Minature Synthetic Aperture Radar and Moon Mineralogy Mapper operating in 0.7-3 micrometre band.
		Besides the US, Chandrayaan satellite would have payloads from Bulgaria and European Space Agency (ESA).
		The 500 kg satellite (lift off weight 1304 kg) would have a host of Indian payloads, which would take up chemical mapping of the entire lunar surface, besides helping to prepare a three dimensional atlas of regions of scientific interest.
	en.shunya.in /users/jungly/comment/list?this_day=2006-04-30&article=468 (189 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		PROG.) BY R10-SSVR BY R10-EAC 1 BY R10-EAC 2 BY R10-2003 (TRAVEL DUE) BY REGIONAL ASSESMENT BY MOON_MISSION_SEMINAR REG.
		Singh, Additional Director, Electrical Research and Development Authority (ERDA), Baroda on 1 August 2004.
		Sunil Verma from Asea Brown Boveri Ltd., (ABB), Baroda delivered a talk on 21 August 2004.
	www.ewh.ieee.org /r10/gujarat/report2004.doc (3063 words)

	Defence Talk Forum - Is the Moon to be Crowded??
		It's now expected to go up sometime next year.
		After settling into a 1,200-mile-high orbit, the spaceship will fire two missile-like penetrators that will drill 1 or 2 yards into the lunar surface, one on the side facing Earth, one on the other side.
		The penetrators will relay data on possible moonquakes and the nature of the moon's core.
	www.defencetalk.com /forums/printthread.php?t=3136 (2542 words)

	Moon News \| Moon Today - Your Daily Source of Moon News
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	www.moontoday.net /news/gonews.html (1568 words)

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