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| | Hoa - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography |
 | | China sent unarmed ships to help evacuate Chinese refugees, but encountered diplomatic problems as the Vietnamese government denied that Chinese suffered persecution and later refused to issue exit permits after as many as 250,000 Chinese had applied for repatriation. |
 | | In an attempt to stem the refugee flow, avert Vietnamese accusations that Beijing was coercing its citizens to emigrate, and encourage Vietnam to change its policies towards ethnic Chinese, China closed off its land border in 1955. |
 | | This led to a jump in the number of boat people, with as many as 100,000 arriving in other countries by the end of 1978. |
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