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Topic: Channel Four

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	Channel Four (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The fourth British channel arrived on the scene in 1982 after extensive debate between proponents of public service television on the one hand and of commercial broadcasting on the other.
		Channel Four (C4) was a compromise between the two principles: it was to be financed by advertising revenue from the existing private companies, but governed independently from them, with a brief to provide minority and complementary programming to the three existing channels.
		Funding, like distribution, became a problem: Channel Four has been so successful at marketing itself that subsidy is flowing the other way, as a share of its profits instead reverts back to the ITV companies' coffers--38 million pounds in 1994.
	www.museum.tv /archives/etv/C/htmlC/channelfour/channelfour.htm (696 words)

	Channel Four
		The channel also still had its original funding formula, whereby it was financed by subscriptions from the ITV companies levied by the IBA in return for the ITV companies being able to sell advertising time on Channel 4 in their own regions.
		Channel 4, in 1985, was still a relatively young channel – although 97% of the country could receive Channel 4 many had been only able to watch it for less than a year.
		Channel Four had immediately earned a reputation for "sex and depravity", whipped up by reactionary tabloid press coverage, and "tedious obscurity" due to lazy parody of the channel by comedians (the channel had been dubbed "Channel Bore" and "Channel Snore").
	www.transdiffusion.org /pmc/yearbooks/iba1985/c4.htm (462 words)

	Channel 4 : Channel Four
		Channel 4 broadcasts only in England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland; in Wales, its equivalent is S4C.
		When the channel started its remit was to provide an alternative to the pre-existing channels (which at the time were BBC1, BBC2, and ITV).
		Channel 4 has had a long record of success in funding the production of films through Channel Four Films, later renamed FilmFour in 1998 to coincide with the launch of its digital channels.
	www.termsdefined.net /ch/channel-four.html (552 words)

	CNN - OPINION: The Internet is Channel Four - August 3, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		And, obviously, new channels don't come along very often, since the last channel was added at the end of the last century.
		Channel Four is often an easier means to handle customer input than with phone or face-to-face channels because it's already in electronic form.
		When the channel matures-and there are already signs that it is starting to-it will be just one more channel to choose from.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/computing/9908/03/channel4.idg (1627 words)

	Channel Four as ITV2 \| Seefour
		We are therefore now in a situation where Channel 4 has programming from a greater number of broadcasters than ITV does, due to the various amalgamations and mergers that have bedevilled the older network.
		Channel 4 brings us new formats of shows, it famously gave us the Top 100 series (though ITV’s production mechanism could easily be found by those looking at the programmes), and popular reality TV such as The 1900 House and its spin-offs.
		Channel 4 had managed to do what ITV had wanted to do for years – launch a popular show that got the public and the press alike glued to their sets for weeks.
	www.transdiffusion.org /emc/seefour/itv2.php (1396 words)

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		Channel Four was set up by the IBA in 1982 after a twenty year old campaign for a second commercial TV channel.
		Originally it was tied to ITV, being operated by the IBA (through its Channel Four TV Company Ltd subsidary), co-scheduled and cross premoting with ITV, and funded by advertising sold by the ITV companies.
		ITV contractors were also expected to contribute a large portion of programmes - ITV companies made reference to the amount of material they would expect to contribute to Channel Four in their 1981 franchise applicatons.
	myhome.iolfree.ie /~icdg/channels_c4.htm (362 words)

	Consider the importance of Channel Four in relation to the history of public service broadcasting.
		Below is a short sample of the essay "Consider the importance of Channel Four in relation to the history of public service broadcasting.".
		This method also had benefits for the Channel Four company, as it gave the channel a 'breathing space' until such time as its advertising revenue income might meet its programme production costs, and helped to encourage degree of corresponding scheduling policy as between ITV and Channel Four.
		Channel Four has introduced new concepts about the ways programmes can be developed and produced, and what their content may be; how far audiences can be taught positively to use television.
	www.coursework.info /i/64156.html (510 words)

	The Observer \| Comment \| The fourth way
		Channel 4 was launched in 1982 to give a voice to those who were under-represented on the three channels that then existed.
		Channel 4, I believe, by way of its original remit has contributed to that change in society by taking a unique role in encouraging and provoking debate and diversity.
		Sixteen years later, when Channel 4 screened Queer As Folk, the Mirror screamed: ' Queer as Folk is the most outrageous show to hit the small screen in years.' It was a significant programme empowering gay men and was enjoyed in equally by both gay and straight viewers.
	www.observer.co.uk /comment/story/0,6903,529050,00.html (1296 words)

	Film on Four
		The series Film On Four was announced on the opening night of Channel Four in November 1982, and helped to immediately draw attention to the distinctions between this and the three existing British television channels.
		Film On Four's only early success in the cinema was Peter Greenaway's The Draughtsman's Contract (1982), and although the series had been established to encourage new ideas, in the early years the media argued that most of its products brought little that was innovative to television.
		Its ambitions were in a higher budget area of filmmaking than Channel Four's, and consequently it accepted the risk of compromising artistic integrity for the demands of overseas financiers, in total contrast to Channel Four's puritanical policies.
	www.museum.tv /archives/etv/F/htmlF/filmonfour/filmonfour.htm (871 words)

	Commercialism and public broadcasting: Britain's Channel Four (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Channel Four was created in the early 1980s through an extraordinary act of Parliament that granted a second nationwide channel to ITV, then the country's only commercial television network.
		The channel's commissioning editors, whose authority combined the powers of PBS's top programmers with those of executive producers, were given budgets and autonomy to bring to air programs that couldn't be found elsewhere.
		"Channel Four still has the ability to surprise, and they still come out with programs you wouldn't actually find anywhere else, and that's their strength and that's what everybody likes about it," said Andre Singer, head of Cafe Productions who, as a commissioning editor for BBC2, set up an independent film unit to rival C4's.
	www.current.org /cm/cm622f.html (2846 words)

	Friends of the Earth: Press Release: CHANNEL FOUR SELLS "DISTORTED" AND "MISLEADING" TV PROGRAMMES ABROAD
		The programme, for which Channel 4 had to broadcast a lengthy on-screen apology, was ruled by the ITC to be misleading and distorted.
		Friends of the Earth has written to Channel Four and ABC withdrawing the permission of its Policy and Campaigns Director, Tony Juniper, for his contributions to appear in any further broadcast of the programmes.
		Channel 4 has clearly abandoned any standards of fairness or accuracy in favour of screwing as much money as possible out of second rate programmes.
	www.foe.co.uk /resource/press_releases/19980723111917.html (322 words)

	Britmovie \| FilmFour Productions Biography
		Channel 4’s establishment in 1982 signalled a change in relationship between British cinema and television.
		Channel 4 was conceived as a publisher-broadcaster rather than a producer-broadcaster like the BBC or the ITV companies, with the Channel 4 commissioning its original work rather than producing programmes itself.
		At the beginning of the 1980s, at one level Channel 4 seemed to provide the context for a medium-budget art cinema, and at another level it was creating a diversity of access to film production - and, as a national broadcaster, to viewing.
	www.britmovie.co.uk /studios/filmfour/biog00.html (470 words)

	Channel Four Television Corporation (TV ARK ON LINE MUSEUM) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Channel Four started on November 2nd, 1982 at 4.40pm with a preview of it's programmes followed by the first edition of Countdown, still running now and the programme that made Richard Whiteley a household name.
		The channel, at the time a wholly owned subsidiary of the IBA, would aim to increase programming for minority interests and programmes produced by independent producers.
		Originally funded by the ITV Companies, who were responsible for advertising, Channel Four since 1993 have sold their own advertising.
	www.tv-ark.org.uk /channel4/channel4.html (90 words)

	ENFORCER Four-Channel RF Transmitters & Receiver
		Note: If the timed momentary output is chosen for any channel, there will be only one time available for all channels.
		In other words, if a one-second output time is selected for one channel, then all other timed momentary outputs will be one second.
		Four LEDs (One LED for each channel) to indicate RF reception, learn mode entered, transmitted learned, memory cleared.
	www.seco-larm.com /RFRecvr4.htm (540 words)

	FOUR CHANNEL VIDEO MULTIPLEXER
		Math Fiber Optics Four Channel Video Multiplexer transmits four separate color or fl and white video signals (in any combination) in accordance with NTSC, PAL or SECAM specifications at distances up to 12 miles or 20 km (single mode).
		Appropriate for use with single mode or multimode fiber, this Four Channel Video Multiplexer system consists of a transmitter and receiver, both of which utilize FDM techniques to assure superb transmitted image quality.
		Integral LEDs are provided for each channel on both the transmitter and the receiver to continuously indicate the presence of video signals and proper operation of the unit.
	www.metrotek.com /5750.htm (275 words)

	Channel Four
		Channel Four http://www.best.com/~informe/ch_4.html Channel Four is a E-zine for writings about, by, and for type Four in the personality analysis system known as the Enneagram.
		Fours are romantic, moody, introverted, sensitive, artistic, and tend to feel isolated from others.
		Famous fours: Pete Tchaikovskii, Tenessee Williams, Goethe, Laurance Olivier, Martha Graham, Audrey Hepburn, Franz Kafka.
	gort.ucsd.edu /newjour/c/msg01095.html (54 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| The Guardian \| Channel Four switches off Five
		Channel 4 yesterday closed the door on a merger with rival Five as the publicly owned television company fixes its sights on public funding.
		Luke Johnson, Channel 4's chairman, said the broadcaster had looked at a merger "in detail" but, "we can't make sense of it, either in cultural or commercial terms".
		A review of the channel found that it faces a £100m a year shortfall once all homes receive digital services in 2012 because of its requirement to provide public service television.
	www.guardian.co.uk /business/story/0,3604,1352803,00.html (842 words)

	Ashley Protea 4.24G vers.1 Digital Four Channel EQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Four different units are being manufactured; a two and four channel version with a screen and two and four channel faceless or slave units.
		With four channels of EQ, this provides more faders for the dollar compared to other expensive similar equalizers.
		One display's which Channel is active, a second is a red LED for Channel Mute and lastly a dual-color LED that denotes signal present and clipping.
	home.earthlink.net /~mixthat/par/ashleyprotea.html (1190 words)

	Four All (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Four All is a database of disabled people who want to work in tv either on screen or behind the camera.
		It was designed by Channel 4 to help programme makers find disabled people to participate in all types of programmes.
		Channel 4 is now monitoring disability representation in programmes and on production teams.
	www.fourall.org (439 words)

	BBC News \| TV AND RADIO \| BBC's channel Four debuts
		The other two are channels for children - CBBC for children aged six to 13, and CBeebies for those under six.
		Initial plans for the channel, which would replace BBC Choice, were rejected by Culture Secretary Tessa Jowell last year because they were not "distinctive" enough.
		Over the weeks to come, BBC Four will broadcast for the first time Ian Curteis's The Falklands Play, which was abandoned by the BBC in the mid-80s.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/entertainment/tv_and_radio/newsid_1848000/1848919.stm (485 words)

	Model 273 - RS-232 Four Channel Fiber Optic Multiplexer
		The Model 273 is a high performance four channel, time division multiplexer whose composite link is implemented in fiber optics.
		In addition, a bi-directional control signal is also transmitted for each of the four primary channels.The maximum rate for all four channels is 256 KBPS, 64 KBPS each.
		A jumper option allows upgrading channel 1 to 128 KBPS while reducing the total channel capacity from four to three.
	www.metrotek.com /273.htm (259 words)

	HHMI News: Visualizing a Potassium Channel
		Each of the channel's four identical subunits is shown in a different color.
		During the last 10 years, molecular biologists have identified many of the genes that produce the protein components of potassium channels in a variety of organisms.
		Studies of those genes showed researchers that potassium channels from different organisms were likely to be structurally similar.
	www.hhmi.org /news/mackinnon.html (768 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: Channel Four Racing: Form and Betting (Channel Four Racing Guides) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As a companion volume to Channel Four Racing team's guides to racehorses and racecourses, this guide for those wishing to beat the bookmakers with a wager on the odd thoroughbred here and there attempts to give the reader the correct armoury to succeed as a punter.
		Added to the tips on reading the form and choosing your bet, are a glossary of terms and even a ready reckoner which makes it easy for you to calculate what each bet you place will earn for you when you winner comes flying in first past the post.
		John McCririck and Jim McGrath, Channel 4 Racing presenters, pool their knowledge of horse-race betting to offer advice on interpreting form by weighing up the factors which affect each horse's chances of winning, and on the world of betting generally, with its many strategies and systems.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0752221973/roymackcouk (609 words)

	Emma bache. International graphologist. Analysis for private, public, or corporate purposes. UK based offering services ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Current Media 'Big Brother' Channel Four July 2002 Emma appeared as guest expert on 'Big Brother's Little Brother' programme to analyse the writing of some of the housemates and predict the inter-relationships.
		'Rise' Breakfast Television Channel Four 2003 As part of the programme's 'Textecution' series, Emma provided live handwriting analyses of the contestants on a number of occasions.
		Channel 5 - The Terry and Gaby Show - July 2003 Emma appeared live on The Terry and Gaby show and analysed the handwriting of both Gaby Roslin and Les Dennis as well as members of the audience.
	www.emmabache.com (1330 words)

	RS232 Fiber Optic Multiplexer, Four Channel - Telebyte Model 273 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In addition, a bi-directional control signal is also transmitted for each of the four primary channels.
		The maximum rate for all four channels is 256 KBPS, 64 KBPS each.
		These adapters, four male and four female, offer users the ability to provide any connection required by their RS-232 interfaces.
	www.telebyteusa.com /catalog/products/273.htm (267 words)

	GN Online: Focus on Seattle Fitz and Channel Four
		Subsequent to that he raced on the speed when defeating Channel Four in the UAE 2000 Guineas Prep and on his only run since then finished fifth of the nine runners behind Victory Moon in the Group III UAE 2000 Guineas.
		Seattle Fitz has drawn in barrier one and is expected to go forward while Channel Four, drawn in eight, is also expected to go forward.
		Channel Four hasn't run since that defeat by Seattle Fitz on January 16 and he meets Seattle Fitz on exactly the same weight terms in this.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=79634 (488 words)

	rediff.com: sports channel - Four sent off as Brazil reach quarter-finals
		Brazil coach Luiz Felipe Scolari and his assistant Flavio Murtosa were among four men sent off as the defending champions beat Paraguay 3-1 on Wednesday to reach the Copa America quarter-finals.
		All four countries were without their top players on Wednesday.
		Most teams are taking part in the Copa America without their top players due to fixture congestion and chaotic organisation by the South American Football Confederation, which staged the tournament at six days' notice after earlier postponing it until next year.
	www.rediff.com /sports/2001/jul/19brazil.htm (505 words)

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