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Topic: Chanyu

	building of the walls
		Han emissary countered it by stating that Chanyu Modok even engaged in patricide while Han prince rebellion was merely an argument between father and son due to instigation by prime minister.
		Wei Luu and the mother of Hunnic chanyu, in 85 BC, hid the news of the death of chanyu and erected the son of chanyu as the new chanyu against the Hunnic chanyu's death-bed wish.
		Chanyu died in 60 BC, after a reign of nine years, before his king was sent to Han court for peace talk.
	www.findthelinks.com /history/Huns_Turks/HAN_2.htm (2743 words)

	Su Wu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Prince of Gou and Yu Chang carried out their plot while the chanyu was away on a hunt, but someone alerted the chanyu, who quickly returned and killed the Prince of Gou in battle and captured Yu.
		Aware that the chanyu was planning on forcing him to surrender to Xiongnu, Su tried to preserve his dignity by committing suicide with his sword.
		The chanyu then exiled him to Lake Baikal and ordered him to tend a flock of rams -- telling him that he would be allowed to go home when the rams would produce milk.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Su_Wu.htm (906 words)

	Xiongnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The original terms insisted on by the Han court were that, first, the chanyu or his representatives should come to the capital to pay homage; secondly, the chanyu should send a hostage prince; and thirdly, the chanyu should present tribute to the Han emperor.
		In 188, the chanyu was murdered by some of his own subjects for agreeing to send troops to help the Han suppress a rebellion in Hebei - many of the Xiongnu feared that it would set a precedent for unending military service to the Han court.
		He travelled to Luoyang (the Han capital) to seek aid from the Han court, but at this time the Han court was in disorder from the clash between Grand General He Jin and the eunuchs, and the intervention of the warlord Dong Zhuo.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Xiongnu.htm (3119 words)

	hunnic internal turmoil
		The new chanyu led 10000 cavalry in a chase of the relocating tribe but he was defeated.
		In 33 BC, 'Huhanye Chanyu', came to Han capital and was married with lady Wang Zhaojun, a court maid of honour.
		Huhanye Chanyu, after the marriage with Wang Zhaojun, wrote to Han court, expressing the wish to guard the borderline from Shanggu to Dunhuang in lieu of Han Dynasty's border garrisons and beacon towers.
	www.findthelinks.com /history/Huns_Turks/hun_turmoil.htm (2037 words)

	Xiongnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The peace settlement eventually reached between the parties included a Han princess given in marriage to the chanyu (called heqin or "harmonious kinship"); periodic gifts of silk, liquor and rice to the Xiongnu; equal status between the states; and the Great Wall as mutual border.
		The chanyu was ordered to establish his court in the Meichi district of Xihe commandery.
		The complicated racial situation of the mixed frontier settlements instituted during the Eastern Han had grave consequences, not fully apprehended by the Chinese government until the end of the 3rd century.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/X/Xiongnu.htm (2732 words)

	Su Wu Statuary
		Chanyu tried many other ways, yet never did he get the better of him.
		Chanyu, however, cheated the Emperor, saying that Su Wu had long since died.
		The next day, when the emissary went to see Chanyu, he said, “Our Emperor, when hunting in a forest, shot down a wild goose, to whose leg a letter was tied.
	artcraft.zymq.com /Pottery/354012.htm (462 words)

	Hohhot, Regent Tour China
		It occupies an area of 3.3 ha and is one of the remains for posterity to commemorate Wang Zhaojun, the lady of honor of the Han Dynasty, from 51-53 BC.
		The leader of the Huns Nationality, Chanyu, went to Chang'an (the capital at that time, presently Xi'an) three times to ask to marry one of the princesses of the Han Dynasty.
		Emperor Yuan, ruler of the Han Dynasty at that time, married Wang Zhaojun to Chanyu in order to keep peace in the border area.
	www.regenttour.com /chinaplanner/het/het-sights-zhaojun.htm (187 words)

	Hun & Huns -- Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China -- Research Into Origins Of Huns, Uygurs, ...
		According to Chinese history, the Hunnic Chanyu wrote to Han emperor saying that he ordered one of his kings, Youxianwang (rightside virtuous king), to strike at the Yueh-chih (Yuezhi) as a punishment for breaking peace near the Chinese border.
		Hunnic Chanyu Laoshang (son of Modok Chanyu) used the skull of Yueh-chih (Yuezhi) king as his utensil for drinking.
		Zhongxing Shuo also made the size of bamboo for Chanyu letters to be double the size of Han Emperor, and paraphrased the chanyu as 'Born by Heaven & Earth and Confirmed by Sun & Moon'.
	www.uglychinese.org /hun.htm (14532 words)

	Wang Zhaojun
		When Huhanxie, the Chanyu (Khan) of Hun, came to the Han capital to request a Han princess as a bride, Emperor Yuan agreed.
		Unwilling to pick out a real beauty, the emperor ordered that the plainest girl in the harem be selected for the marriage, and gave her away like his own daughter.
		As she was loved and respected by the Huns, Chanyu (Khan) Huhanxie conferred on her the title of the First Lady of Hun Peace, eulogizing Zhaojun as a queen who had brought peach and security to the Hun tribe.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_22654.htm (801 words)

	Emperor Wu of Han (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Prince of Hunxie, fearful of such punishment, after being unable to persuade the Prince of Xiutu, killed the Prince of Xiutu and surrendered his forces, which then controlled the Gansu region, to Han, and this turned out to be a major blow to Xiongnu, robbing Xiongnu of a major grazing region and other natural resources.
		After Xiongnu suffered these heavy losses, the chanyu sought heqin peace with Han again, but broke off peace talks after Han made it clear that it wanted Xiongnu to become a vassal instead.
		In 103 BC, indeed, Chanyu Er would surround Zhao Ponu and capture his entire army -- the first major Xiongnu victory since Wei Qing and Huo Qubing nearly captured the chanyu in 119 BC.
	www.1bx.com /en/Emperor_Wudi_of_Han_China.htm (5800 words)

	Legends: Su Wu, Lonely Shepherd of the North (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He was from a military family which had distinguished itself fighting the Xiongnu, and the History of the Han Dynasty, which tells his story, ascribes the origin of his indomitable will to his early strict education.
		He gathered together 700 men and plotted to kidnap the Chanyu's mother to impress the Han delegation.
		Indicating some rams, the Chanyu said "You will be allowed to return to the land of Han only when these bear lambs," meaning never - unless he would come over to the side of the Huns.
	www.britishbornchinese.org.uk /pages/culture/legends/suwu.html (933 words)

	nmgnews --- Zhaojun Tomb
		In 33 BC, the chief of Xiongnu Chanyu met Han Dynasty Emperor Yuan, and said he was"willing to marry the Han people".
		Of which, the 4-metre-high large bronze statue weighing 5 tons showing Chanyu and Wang Zhaojun riding side by side on horseback is very vivid and splendid.
		There's a 100-meter stele corridor, in which a great number of inscriptions related to Zhaojun Tomb since the Qing Dynasty are displayed.
	english.nmgnews.com.cn /eng/article/20040905/308_1.html (213 words)

	Chinese History - Han Dynasty event history (www.chinaknowledge.org)
		The highest ruler of the Xiongnu, Modu å’é “ (sic!) with the title Chanyu å—®äº (sic!; comparable with the later title of khan; Pulleyblank reconstructs the word tarqan) attacked the weak Chinese empire, and the steppe nomads undertook raids on the unprotected border regions.
		By sending a Chinese princess to the Chanyu (leader, chieftain, khan) the Xiongnu became relatives of the imperial house of Han and reduced their border raids (a diplomatic method called heqin å’è¦ª "peace by marriage").
		Under Khan Modu the steppe empire of the Xiongnu was divided into three parts, the middle realm governed by the Chanyu himself, the eastern and western part by a Xiongnu viceroys (zuo/you tuqi wang å·¦å³å± èç, by the Chinese translated as "wise prince" zuo/you xianwang å·¦å³è³¢ç).
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Han/han-event.html (8023 words)

	ipedia.com: Wang Zhaojun Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 33 BC, Huhanxie Chanyu (呼韓邪單于) of the Eastern Xiongnu requested to marry a Han Chinese princess from the Chinese Empire.
		The court agreed on the basis of the policy of heqin ("peace marriage"), but a woman needed to be found who was willing to go to the "barbarian" lands of the Xiongnu.
		According to other legends, she commits suicide after her husband's death as her only resort in order to avoid marrying her son according to the practice of levirate.
	www.ipedia.com /wang_zhaojun.html (539 words)

	CRI'S EYES ON CHINA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the popular mind Wang Zhaojun has always been a tragic figure: a Han dynasty court lady married off to a Chanyu (Khan) of the Xiongnu (Huns) who left her home and died in the far north.
		Perhaps this is because in history a number of such women were so married in the interests of diplomacy.
		The Chanyu came to the Han capital Chang'an and requested a Han princess as a bride, a way of cementing relations frequently used in those days.
	en.chinabroadcast.cn /501/2003-8-29/2@17603.htm (395 words)

	All Empires History Forum: Roman Empire vs Han China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		During the reign of Emperor Yuandi, 48-32 BC, one of the Hunnic kings, 'Huhanye Chanyu', surrendered to Chinese.
		Zhizhi Chanyu and Kang-ju King exchanged their daughters for wives of the opposite parties, and in a matter of years, grew in strength, posing a threat to Wusun (Ili) and Dawan (Fergana).
		('Zhizhi Chanyu' descendanats, namely, the Kirghiz, would stage a comeback in 9th century and replaced the Uygurs of Mongolia around 840s AD.) Chen Tang, for taking military action without consulting with Han emperor, was not recommended for promotion till much later.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1049&PN=1&TPN=6 (4038 words)

	Creation of the Gods: A Somewhat Less Than Critical Commentary
		Krakucchanda made a divination and determined that Earth Traveler Sun and Deng Chanyu were destined to be married.
		Deng Chanyu was captured and wed that very night to Earth Traveler Sun in West Qi.
		Upon hearing the news, Deng Chanyu challenged Zhang Kui's wife Gao Lanying to battle and was killed.
	clausius.engr.utk.edu /planetc/books/creation/text/outline.html (10952 words)

	Section 1 â“ Historical Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		155, interprets it to mean that Wang Mang insulted the Chanyu of the Xiongnu by changing his title to âvassal kingâ, thus inciting the 55 kingdoms to rebel and join the Xiongnu.
		Chanyu to notify him of his accession and to give him a new seal of investiture : but, while the seal bestowed on the
		This was the cause that provoked the split between the
	depts.washington.edu /uwch/silkroad/texts/hhshu/notes1.html (7232 words)

	Zhaojun Tomb
		Wang Zhaojun was a maid of honor in an imperial palace of the Han Dynasty.
		In 33 B.C. Huhanxie Chanyu, chief of the Xiongnus, proposed ties of amity with the Han court through marriage.
		When Zhaojun married Huhanxie, she brought with her the rich culture of the Central China Plain to the Xiongnu people in the north.
	www.greatwalltour.com /greatwall_pages/provinces/mongolia/hohot/zhaojunmu.htm (157 words)

	History Forum > March divided, fight united, was a strategy of Genghis Khan?
		Maodun (Modu in Ancient Chinese) was the Chanyu (ruler) of the Xiongnu Empire (a Turkic empire that ruled Central Asia for a long time).
		He became the Chanyu after killing his father Touman and he created one of the largest steppe empires in history.
		He surrendered the Han Chinese emperor Han Gaozu near a fort and forced him to pay yearly tributes, he defeated and subjugated many small city-states and large peoples of many stock, such as the Donghu, Dingling, Jiangun, etc...
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t1172.html (545 words)

	Khitans - Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China -- Research Into Origins Of Huns, Uygurs, Khitans, ...
		In early Han Dynasty, Hunnic Chanyu Modok defeated the Donghu, and Donghu fled to Xianbei-shan and Wuhuan-shan Mountains in the east.
		Yuan Shao privately conferred the title of 'Chanyu' on Wuhuan chieftans in the name of Han court.
		Xianbei rose in the aftermath of Wuhuan decline, and Kebi'neng Xianbei grew in strength.
	www.uglychinese.org /khitan.htm (9811 words)

	nmgnews --- Wang Zhaojun
		Wang Zhaojun, styled Qiang, was selected into the court in the reign of the Yuan Emperor in the Western Han Dynasty.
		She volunteered to be a peace envoy through her marriage to Huhanye Chanyu (king of the Xiongnu in ancient China) and became Ninghu Yanshi (Yanshi, the legal wife of Xiongnu's King).
		Wang made contributions to further develop and strengthen friendly ties between the Han and Xiongnu.
	english.nmgnews.com.cn /eng/article/20040816/39_1.html (144 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Feb. 17 (Bloomberg) -- Illva Saronno Holding SpA, an Italian winemaker, agreed to pay 481 million yuan ($58 million) for a one- third stake in the parent of Yantai Changyu Pioneer Wine Co., China's biggest wine producer, the Chinese company said.
		The Italian company will buy the stake from Yantai State Asset Management Bureau, a local government agency, through unit Illva Saronno Investments, Chanyu Pioneer said in a statement to the Shenzhen stock exchange today.
		The sale is subject to government approval, the statement said.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000085&sid=aUVpueouN0Fc&refer=europe (299 words)

	Traveljournals.net - Chanyu, Fujian, China - Location on world map, coordinates and short facts
		Traveljournals.net - Chanyu, Fujian, China - Location on world map, coordinates and short facts
		/ Explore / China / Locations / Chanyu, Fujian
		Maps and coordinates for Chanyu, Fujian, China are approximative and not valid for navigation.
	www.traveljournals.net /explore/china/map/p6070955/chanyu.html (71 words)

	((_Crayons_((> - Main News
		Also meshy was privileged enough to give Chan an interview on mine and crayons behalf
		chanyu, welcome back to crayons, long time no see, what are your reasons for joining #solid at 3am on a saturday night?
		So there we have it, the exciting interview with chanyu
	members.optusnet.com.au /danyu/main.htm (5756 words)

	((_Crayons_((> - Past News
		Howdy ya'll, crayons have just signed up to GA.
		we have four people so far - me, myku, todd and chanyu.
		Those who havn't signed up and are in the clan
	members.optusnet.com.au /danyu/pastnews.htm (1021 words)

	FindArticles in Indonesian Commercial Newsletter: December 1994 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		INDUSTRIAL BOILER MARKET STILL DOMINATED BY IMPORTED PRODUCTS (Part 1 of 6)
		PMA final/expansion project approvals -- ASALINDO CHANYU AGUNG
		PMDN final/expansion project approvals -- DHARMA SARANA PERDANA
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_hb150/is_199412 (635 words)

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