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Topic: Chaos Crags

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	USGS I-2723: Chaos Crags (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Southern end of the Chaos Crags vent complex.
		A compound ejecta ring marks the vent crater for early pyroclastic phases of the Chaos Crags eruptive sequence.
		A group of volcanic domes extruded in a cluster to the north of these partly preserved craters, forming the rough surface on the skyline.
	pubs.usgs.gov /imap/i2723/site/chaoscrags.html (68 words)

	chaos pictures and videos on Webshots
		Weichan Chao Keng, Fuzzy Chao Keng, Da Bian Wang Chao...
		chao chao off we go to a better land.
		Jade keeps her cool in the middle of chaos.
	www.webshots.com /search?query=chaos (194 words)

	Lassen Volcanic National Park Guide on CompassMonkey.com
		Chaos Crags and Devastated Areas are two separate areas separated by about 15 or 20 miles but they are both similar in appearance and were created as a result of the 1915 Lassen explosion.
		Chaos Crags was created by an air cushion avalanche.
		This was created when rocks and magma mixed with snow, ice and vegetation came hurtling down the slopes at an incredible velocity, removing and killing everything in its way.
	www.compassmonkey.com /places/locations.php/8/attractions (940 words)

	Changes at Oldoinyo Lengai between 1993 and 1998
		Contrast the flow across the centre of Saunders' photo, which is long and very thin (probably less than 50 cm thick) with the corner of Chaos Crags just visible on the left side of the photo.
		Since this photo was taken in February 1996 the whole of Chaos Crags has been covered by younger pahoehoe flows.
		One small blocky flow similar in appearance to Chaos Crags was extruded in 1996 (look back at the figure on the natrocarbonatite page) but it became covered by younger lavas before it could be sampled and analysed.
	it.stlawu.edu /~cnya/lenweb7b.htm (535 words)

	CHAOS BLOOD BOWL TEAMS - Citadel Journal / Blood Bowl Compendium article
		It is the Chaos Warriors who play in the wider leagues, and they take the best players from the tribes to aid them on the field.
		Whilst playing, if there are no Chaos Warriors on the pitch, all Marauders play at -1 MA and -1 AG (to a minimum of 1) to represent the ill discipline that creeps in without the steadying influence of a Chaos Warrior.
		No one played any less than three Chaos Warriors in their teams just to safeguard against the effectiveness of their Marauders slipping should all the Chaos Warriors be killed or injured.
	www.blood-bowl.net /BBMagArticles/ChaosTeams.html (938 words)

	Lassen Volcanic National Park - The Eruption of Lassen Peak (U.S. National Park Service)
		The most recent eruptions in the Lassen area were the relatively small events that The Chaos Crags, a group of six lava domes, was formed about 1,100 years ago in the latest large eruptions to occur in the area of occurred at Lassen Peak between 1914 and 1917.
		However, the geologic history of the Lassen area indicates that volcanism there is episodic, having periods of relatively frequent eruptions separated by long quiet intervals.
		For example, the last large event before the Chaos Crags eruption was the one that built Lassen Peak 27,000 years ago.
	www.nps.gov /lavo/naturescience/eruption_lassen_peak.htm (633 words)

	Lassen Trip Report
		Soon I had views of Chaos Crags on the left.
		I did find some nice spots for pictures of Lassen Peak and Chaos Crags as reflections in the peaceful lake.
		As I drove back, I came to the conclusion that the Chaos Crags parking area probably would have been better for such pictures.
	kevingong.com /Hiking/LassenTripReport2.html (822 words)

	Moderate Hikes in Lassen VNP Hiking - Hikes
		This fine hike tours the eastern reaches of Lassen Volcanic National Park, passing through rich forests, visiting two large lakes, and circumnavigating one of the youngest lava flows in the park.
		The hike climbs from the northwest corner of the park to tiny Crags Lake at the base of Chaos Crags.
		This short hike climbs up through airy coniferous forests to the base of dramatic Chaos Crags, a series of volcanic plug domes surrounded by a skirt of talus slopes.
	www.trails.com /activity.asp?area=11666 (943 words)

	Oregon/Northern California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		I satisfied myself with a hike around Manzanita Lake, with its reflective views of Mt. Lassen and the Chaos Crags.
		We also hiked the Chaos Jumbles, many acres of ash blown out by the volcano.
		We also took a ranger hike that pointed out the effects of the eruption, showing downed trees, comparing viewpoints with pre-eruption photos, etc. On our final day, we drove around the park to Drakesbad, where we could see thermal activity.
	members.cox.net /freese896/ornorca.html (1091 words)

	Howstuffworks "Lassen Volcanic National Park Visitor Information"
		This national park is a churned-up landscape of stark features that have been given such descriptive names as Chaos Crags and Chaos Jumbles.
		Yet throughout the park, cinder crags and magma canyons continue to offer proof of former violence, while gurgling thermal features suggest the possibility of a fiery future.
		As is also true of a large portion of northern California, the park is covered with deep snow for much of the year, which has had the effect of producing several beautiful lakes.
	travel.howstuffworks.com /lassen-volcanic-national-park-ga.htm (555 words)

	Climb a volcano at Lassen Volcanic National Park
		An interesting hike from the campground is to Chaos Jumbles, a series of massive landslides from nearby Chaos Crags.
		A two-mile trail climbs moderately from Manzanita Lake to the edge of the Jumbles.
		At sunset, the view from a ridge of Chaos Crags reveals distant Mt. Shasta bathed in a sky of orange.
	www.outwestnewspaper.com /lassen.html (1026 words)

	Database for the geologic map of the Lassen Peak, Chaos Crags, and upper Hat Creek area, California
		This database was constructed in order to produce a geologic map as a basis for understanding processes involved in the explosive eruptions of Lassen Peak and Chaos Crags and for producing a volcano-hazards assessment of the Lassen Peak area.
		The scale of the source map limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to 1:24,000 or smaller except in the area of a 1:2,500 inset map of the Lassen Peak summit area.
		Christiansen, R. L., Clynne, M. A., and Muffler, L. P., 2002, Geologic map of the Lassen Peak, Chaos Crags, and upper Hat Creek area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series I-2723, scale 1:24,000 with inset map at 1:2,500.
	pubs.usgs.gov /imap/i2723/metadata-geo.htm (3077 words)

	NPCA Destination Finder
		The Devastated Area evidences the combined mud flow and gas blast destruction typical of many volcanic eruptions in the Cascades.
		The Chaos Jumbles area looks similarly destroyed, but for a different reason.
		An air-cushioned avalanche - one that fell so rapidly en masse that it trapped and compresses air beneath itself - crashed down the Chaos Crags about 300 years ago.
	www.getoutdoors.com /npca/destination_description/36.html (579 words)

	Molossian Institute of Volcanology - Lassen Volcanic National Park
		The Cinder Cone complex NE of Lassen Peak was erupted in a single episode several hundred years before present and is considered part of the Lassen volcanic center.
		When Lassen Peak formed, it looked much like the nearby 1,100-year-old Chaos Crags Domes, with steep sides covered with angular rock talus.
		However, from 25,000 to 18,000 years ago, during the last ice age, Lassen's shape was significantly altered by glacial erosion.
	www.molossia.org /volcanology/lassen.html (1739 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		I checked out most of the Tombstone and Chaos Crags solo in my hiking boots, and posed for a photo on the Wedge.
		I managed to locate one of the bolts on the old Higgins project on the far left side of the south face, by soloing around in my hiking boots.
		Next stop was a 2-bolt 5.8 route done by DES and friends on a small crag to the NW.
	www.stanford.edu /~clint/rep/05nproc.txt (797 words)

	Lassen Volcanic National Park (Page 2)
		Manzanita Lake was formed when the same avalanche which created Chaos Jumbles dammed Manzanita Creek.
		That's another view of the lake below, with a bit of the colorful fall foliage visible in the background.
		It also was formed by the events subsequent to the collapse of one of the Chaos Crags.
	www.shannontech.com /parkvision/lassen/Lassen2.html (774 words)

	GORP - Lassen Volcanic National Park - Regions and Seasons
		Most have rotted — some are mere dark stains on the parched earth — but all point directly away from Lassen's summit.
		Farther along the highway lie the huge, sere masses called Chaos Crags.
		Only about a thousand years old, this jumble of raw dacite lava is a fascinating place.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/location/ca/lassen4.htm (404 words)

	Chaos Crags (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Chaos Jumbles, a massive debris avalanche from a series of dacite domes (Chaos Crags) north of Lassen Peak, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California.
		The domes formed by extrusion of viscous magma, and tend to be very steep.
		These avalanches occurred around 1600 A.D. The Park Service wisely moved a visitor center and campground from this area.
	www.geosci.unc.edu /faculty/glazner/Images/Volcanoes/KindsOfVolcanoes/ChaosCrags.html (56 words)

	EO Newsroom: New Images - Lassen Volcanic National Park
		Though the forest is returning, the rocks in the flow give the Devastated Area its pink color.
		To the northwest of Lassen Peak are the Chaos Crags, a series of dome volcanoes.
		An arc of snow-covered peaks extends southwest from Lassen Peak.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17170 (522 words)

	The activity of Oldoinyo Lengai in 1993
		Analysis of Chaos Crags showed it to be very rich in crystals of nyerereite and gregoryite, the typical minerals of natrocarbonatite.
		However it also contained 8 to 10% by weight of spheroids (up to 2 mm in diameter) of dominantly silicate material.
		This unusual composition may be related to the very high viscosity of Chaos Crags and another flow formed at the same time.
	it.stlawu.edu /~cnya/lenweb6b.htm (781 words)

	MercuryNews.com \| 09/03/2006 \| The geologic wonderland of Lassen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		LASSEN VOLCANIC NATIONAL PARK - The landscape speaks clearly, in a rumbling voice, saying it was forged over millions of years by the irresistible powers of fiery volcanoes and glaciers of ice, when chaos and upheaval ruled.
		Next we came to Chaos Crags, a group of dome volcanoes that surrendered to erosion and gravity about 300 years ago.
		Millions of tons of dacite rock crashed down the slope at 100 mph, took out the forest and dammed a creek, creating nearby Manzanita Lake.
	www.mercurynews.com /mld/mercurynews/living/travel/15432510.htm (1747 words)

	Mount Lassen, California
		Close up of the porphyritic dacite of the boulder.
		Chaos Crags, in the background, are a series of lava domes.
		The outer crust spalled off and spilled outward as landslides, covering much of the adjacent area with boulder fields.
	www.uwsp.edu /geo/projects/geoweb/participants/dutch/VTrips/Lassen.HTM (351 words)

	Travel Log page 020913
		According to Deb the dwarf forest at Chaos Jumbles is growing.
		The broken rocks came from a huge rock slide 300 years ago from the Chaos Crags, six dome plug volcanoes that dominate the Manzanita Lake area.
		I remember about twenty years ago when the area was closed because the seismologists detected a growing bulge in the Crags and there was danger of another avalanche.
	www.twopennytravels.com /2seplog2.html (4263 words)

	Lassen Volcanic National Park (Page 3)
		In the northwest corner of the park can be found the mountains known as Chaos Crags whose highest peak reaches 8503 feet.
		The Crags are a series of volcanoes which last erupted many years ago.
		The mountains in Lassen Volcanic National Park mark the extreme southern boundary of the Cascade mountain range.
	www.shannontech.com /parkvision/lassen/Lassen3.html (873 words)

	Global Volcanism Program \| Lassen Volcanic Center \| Summary
		At least 12 eruptive episodes took place during the past 100,000 years, with Lassen Peak being constructed about 28,000 years ago.
		The Chaos Crags dome complex was constructed about 1100-1000 years ago north of Lassen Peak.
		The Cinder Cone complex NE of Lassen Peak was erupted in a single episode several hundred years before present and is considered part of the Lassen volcanic center (Clynne et al., 2000).
	www.volcano.si.edu /world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1203-08- (243 words)

	Pictures Lassen Volcanic National Park California Stock Photos, volcano Stock photography, images, and Fine Art prints ...
		(01) Picture: Sunset light on Chaos Crags and Mount Lassen reflected in Reflection Lake, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California;
		(10) Picture: Chaos Crags and Mount Lassen at sunset reflected in Manzanita Lake, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California.
		(12) Picture: Alpenglow on Chaos Crags at sunset reflected in Reflection Lake, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California.
	www.enlightphoto.com /webpages/calvnp/calvnp1.htm (311 words)

	Lassen Volcanic National Park Activity and Calendar Page
		When the Junior and Senior Rangers have completed their cards, they can purchase Junior and Senior Ranger patches.
		Meet at Manzanita Lake Amphitheater, 700 foot climb to the base of Chaos Crags.
		Includes beautiful views of Chaos Crags and explores the Chaos Jumbles rock avalanche of 300 years ago.
	www.lassen.volcanic.national-park.com /cal.htm (1148 words)

	Geological Sciences
		Lassen National Park now attracts tens of thousands of visitors each summer.
		Lassen National park Visitor's Center is built on a rock avalanche deposit from the Chaos Crags.
		The deposit, known as the Jumbles, covers 4.5 square miles and may have formed only 300 years ago.
	www.calstatela.edu /dept/geology/Cascades.htm (602 words)

	1915 Eruption
		Its 2,000-foot height and nearly 2-cubic kilometer volume make it one of the largest lava domes in the world.
		When it formed, Lassen Peak looked much like the Chaos Crags domes do today-- covered with angular rock talus and with oversteepened flanks.
		During the last ice age, 18,000 to 25,000 years ago, its shape was significantly modified by glacial erosion.
	www2.nature.nps.gov /geology/usgsnps/lassen/lassenfact.html (1316 words)

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