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Topic: Characiformes

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	Characiformes
		The Characiformes are all primary freshwater fishes, unable to survive in saline environments.
		Characiformes share with other otophysan fishes a strucuture called the Weberian apparatus, which is a distinctive modification of the anterior-most four or five vertebrae.
		The molecular data, however, fell short of providing a robust hypothesis of relationsips among characiform families, except for a few clades also suggested by previous morphological evidence (some of the DNA sequence-based phylogenetic trees published are shown here).
	www-museum.unl.edu /research/systematics/Orti (2024 words)

	Characiformes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Characiform fishes are widespread in southern Texas, México, Central America, tropical and subtropical South America, and Africa.
		Characiform feeding habits are very diverse, ranging from mud eating (e.g., the edentulous curimatids) to carnivory (e.g., the voracious South American piranhas), including fin- and scale-eating life styles (Northcote et al., 1987; Roberts, 1990; Sazima, 1983; Vari, 1986).
		These is considerable disagreement in the literature about the composition and number of families that should be recognized among characiform fishes.
	www.museunacional.ufrj.br /cfo.htm (631 words)

	characin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Characiformes are an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies.
		Superficially the Characiformes somewhat resemble their relatives the minnows.
		The most noticeable differences are the presence of a small fleshy adipose fin between the dorsal fin and tail, and the presence of teeth within the mouth, though there are exceptions to both of these.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Characin.html (277 words)

	Abstracts of Recent Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Two suborders are formally recognized, with the Distichodontidae and Citharinidae comprising Citharinoidei, and the remaining characiforms being included in the Characoidei.
		Miniaturization, the presence of numerous apparently paedomorphic characters associated with reduced size, is a common phenomenon among neotropical fishes, with over 85 miniature species distributed among the five major ordinal groups.
		Eleven species are recognized as miniatures within the Characidiinae, a monophyletic subunit of Characiformes which in many ways parallel the ecology and morphology of North American darters.
	www.museunacional.ufrj.br /abstract.htm (921 words)

	Linhas de Pesquisa-Departamento de Zoologia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Research projects are currently focused on the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) and include both species level taxonomy and studies of phylogenetic relationships with the latter focusing on morphological characters.
		Toledo-Piza, M. The Neotropical Fish Subfamily Cynodontinae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): a Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of Cynodon and Rhaphiodon.
		Toledo-Piza, M.; Lazara K. Cynodon Spix in Spix and Agassiz, 1829 and Rhaphiodon Agassiz in Spix and Agassiz, 1829 (Osteichthyes, Characiformes): proposed conservation (case 3041).
	www.ib.usp.br /pesquisa/ragazzo.htm (162 words)

	Neotropical Ichthyological Association
		Jorge I. Porto, John R. Gold and Michel Jégu - Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of Mylesinus paraschomburgkii (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the eastern Amazon basin as inferred from sequence data.
		Cesar Roman-Valencia - The trophic ecology of Creagrutus brevipinnis Eigenmann, 1913 (Pisces, Characiformes, Characidae) in the Vieja River basin, alto Cauca, Colombia.
		Paulo C. Venere and Pedro M. Galetti Junior - Cytogenetic and phylogeny of Characiformes with emphasis in Anostomidae, Chilodontidae, Curimatidae, Prochilodontidae, Hemiodontidae and Parodontidae.
	www.mct.pucrs.br /lab/museu/nia/meet1997.htm (1501 words)

	Richard P Vari: Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Headstanders of the Neotropical Anostomid Genus Abramites (Pisces, Characiformes).
		The Neotropical Fish Family Chilodontidae (Teleostei, Characiformes); a Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of Caenotropus Günther.
		The South American Characiform Family Prochilodontidae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes): A Phylogenetic and Revisionary Study.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /vert/fishes/fishpub/pubrpv.html (2027 words)

	NRC Research Press:
		A new characiform fish (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) from the Eocene of Tanzania
		The specimens, preserved as part and counterpart natural moulds, are identified, predominantly based on the structure of the caudal skeleton, as members of the Characiformes, probably the sister group to the living African Alestidae.
		The area just behind the skull, in the two specimens that include this area, is distorted, and therefore it is difficult to identify the bones of the Weberian apparatus, although that structure does appear to be present.
	pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca /cgi-bin/rp/rp2_abst_e?cjes_e02-108_40_ns_nf_cjes (268 words)

	Richard P Vari: Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Cyphocharax laticlavius, a New Curimatid fish (Ostariophysi, Characiformes) from Amazonian Ecuador, with a Major Range Extension for C.
		The genus Creagrutus (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae): monophyly, relationships, and undetected diversity.
		Neotropical Fishes of the Genus Creagrutus (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): A Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of the Species East of the Andes.
	www.mnh.si.edu /vert/neotropical/vari_papers.htm (1733 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The majority of research into alarm pheromones in fish has centered on two orders of the Ostariophysi, the Cypriniformes and the Characiformes.
		Brown et al (2000; 2001) proposed purine-N-oxides as the functional component of the Ostariophysan alarm pheromones.
		Moreover, they argue that the nitrogen-oxide functional group acts as the chief molecular trigger, eliciting species typical antipredator responses for both the Cypriniformes and the Characiformes.
	artsandscience.concordia.ca /biology/txt.cfm?page=grad_studentpage_nabil (150 words)

	References (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		nov.-- a new characid fish from the upper Amazon basin of Peru and Bolivia (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae).
		Beschreibung von drei neuen Arten der Gattung Characidium Reinhardt, 1866 aus Bolivien und Paraguay (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidiidae).
		Zur Variabilität von Pyrrhulina australis Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae).
	www.fishbase.org /References/ReferencesListTitles.cfm?Name1=Zarske&Name2=&Init1=A.&Init2=&AddAuth=&Year=1998&FishBase=No (327 words)

	Prochilodus phylogeography
		Therefore, the value of these taxa as biogeographic indicators for the major river systems is somewhat complicated by this unusual life history pattern.
		Vari (1988, 1989) studied phylogenetic patterns for the Curimatidae, a large and diverse family of characiform fishes from lowland habitats in South America.
		Vari RP (1988) The Curimatidae, a lowland Neotropical fish family (Pisces: Characiformes); Distribution, endemism, and phylogenetic biogeography.
	golab.unl.edu /publications/Sivasundar2001/Sivasundar2001.html (6420 words)

	Recent Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A new Chilodus species from southeastern Peru (Ostariophysi; Characiformes; Chilodontidae): description and phylogenetic discussion, with comments on the distribution of other members of the family.
		Vari, R. and H. Ortega. 2000. Attonitus, a new genus of sexually dimorphic characiforms (Ostariophysi: Characidae from western Amazonia; a phylogenetic definition and description of three new species. Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 11(1):113-140.
		Weitzman, S. and N. Menezes. 1998. Relationships of the tribes and genera of the Glandulocaudinae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) with a description of a new genus, Chrysobrycon.
	www.mnh.si.edu /vert/neotropical/pubs2.htm (3220 words)

	sci2004
		E., J. Casciotta, J. Bechara and F. Ruiz Diaz (2004): A new species of Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Esteros del Iberá wetlands, Argentina.
		C., G. Pelição and R. Vari (2004): Tetragonopterus lemniscatus (Characiformes: Characidae), a new species from the Corantijn river basin in Suriname.
		Lima, F. and J. Zuanon (2004): A new species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rapids of the lower rio Xingu, Brazil.
	www.worldfish.de /sci2004a-m.html (3225 words)

	1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		F.; MOLINA, W. Heterochromatin analysis in the fish species Liposarcus anisitsi (Siluriformes) and Leporinus elongatus (Characiformes).
		Characiformes) and considerations regarding diversification of the group.
		C.; MIYAZAWA, C. New cases of supernumerary chromosomes in characiform fishes.
	www.ufscar.br /~labcito/1999.htm (101 words)

	Discussing Hydrolycus, Rhaphiodon, and Cynodon, the Cynodontinae
		Also, their very distinctive features from other types of Characiformes make this a very unique group.
		However, no further information was given concerning their relationships with other Characiformes.
		Toledo-Piza, Mônica, 2000, The Neotropical Fish Subfamily Cynodontinae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): A Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of Cynodon and Rhaphiodon.
	www.angelfire.com /biz/piranha038/hydrolycus.html (1974 words)

	Prochilodus phylogeography - Figure 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Population structure and biogeography of migratory freshwater fishes (Prochilodus: Characiformes) in major South American rivers - Figure 4
		Nodes labeled A-D correspond to separation of lineages among river basins (see text).
		Population structure and biogeography of migratory freshwater fishes (Prochilodus: Characiformes) in major South American rivers.
	golab.unl.edu /publications/Sivasundar2001/Sivasundar2001-figure4.html (97 words)

	Publications of P.A. Buckup (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Buckup, P.A.; Chernoff, B.; Machado-Allison, A. Sistematica y filogenia de Bryconops, un grupo de peces characiformes neotropicales (Systematics and phylogeny of Bryconops, a group of neotropical characiform fishes).
		Buckup, P.A. The monophyly of the Characidiinae, a Neotropical group of characiform fishes (Teleostei, Ostariophysi).
		Buckup, P.A. Review of the characidiin fishes (Teleostei: Characiformes), with descriptions of four new genera and ten new species.
	acd.ufrj.br /museu/publica.htm (523 words)

	Hoplias malabaricus
		SILVA, MR, SCHWANTES, MLB and SCHWANTES, AR Isoform expression in the multiple soluble malate dehydrogenase of Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae, Characiformes...
		Karger Publishers: Heterochromatin polymorphism associated with 18S rDNA: a differential pathway among Hoplias malabaricus fish populations MR Vicari a, RF Artoni b, LAC...
		IX Meeting of the Neotropical Ichthyological Association: Phylogeography and chromosomal evolution within the Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 (Erythrinidae, Characiformes, Ostariophysi) species complex.
	specieslist.com /fish_species/H/Hoplias_malabaricus.shtml (1429 words)

	FAMILIES - Detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The single series of relatively small teeth movably attached to the lips of the upper jaw and in most species to the lower jaw together with a sixth lateral-line scale distinctly smaller than the other scales in that series serve to separate the Chilodontidae from other members of the Characiformes.
		The Chilodontidae is also distinguished within the Characiformes by a series of derived features in a number of body systems discussed by Vari (1983) and Vari et al.
		Chilodus was revised by Isbrücker and Nijssen (1988) and Vari and Ortega (1997) and Caenotropus by Vari et al.
	fishbase.sinica.edu.tw /Summary/FamilySummary.cfm?ID=602 (309 words)

	MavicaNET - Pike-characids (Ctenoluciidae) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Katalog / Priroda / Život / Animals (Animalia) / Fishes (Pisces) / Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) / Characiformes / Pike-characids (Ctenoluciidae)
		The attenuate body, elongate jaws bearing numerous relatively small teeth with posteriorly recurved teeth arranged in a single row in each jaw, and the posteriorly positioned dorsal and anal fins are features which in combination serve to unequivocally separate the Ctenoluciidae from other members of the Characiformes.
		The Ctenoluciidae is also distinguished within the Characiformes by a series of derived features discussed by Vari (1995).
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/hrv/24807.html (110 words)

	Neotropical Ichthyological Association
		Zanata, A. Toledo-Piza- Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic revision of Chalceus Cuvier, 1818 (Characiformes, Characidae)
		Zanata, A. - Study of the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Brycon Muller & Troschel, 1844 (Characiformes, Characidae)
		Ortí, G., A. Sivasundar, & J. Porto- Phylogeny of the Serrasalminae (Characiformes) based onmitochondrial DNA sequences
	www.mct.pucrs.br /lab/museu/nia/meet2000.htm (933 words)

	Glossary Searched Term (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fishes of the Family Gasteropelecidae, Order Characiformes (characins).
		See FishBase for more information on this Family.
		Poissons de la famille des Gasteropelecidae, ordre des Characiformes (characins).
	64.95.130.5 /Glossary/Glossary.cfm?TermEnglish=gasteropel%e9cidos (63 words)

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