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Topic: Charismatic leaders

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	CHARISMATIC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The charismatic leadership theory of Conger and Kanungo (1998) emphasizes personal identification as a central process through which charismatic leaders influence their followers, suggesting that such influence is based on referent power (French and Raven, 1959), which stems from people’s identification with the source of influence.
		They have suggested that the influence of charismatic leaders is based on their success in connecting followers’ self-concept to the leader, the mission and the group, such that followers’ behavior for the sake of the leader and the group becomes self-expressive.
		Leaders who achieve their influence by connecting followers’ self-concepts to the group and its mission through the emphasis on shared values and identities are not likely to create dependence among followers.
	www.si.umich.edu /ICOS/identifications.html (8907 words)

	Charismatic authority - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charismatic authority is 'power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities or the demonstration of extraordinary insight and accomplishment, which inspire loyalty and obedience from followers'
		For instance, a charismatic leader in a religious context might require an unchallenged belief that the leader has been touched by God, in the sense of a guru or prophet.
		Charismatic authority almost always evolves in the context of boundaries set by traditional or rational (legal) authority, but by its nature tends to challenge this authority and is thus often seen as revolutionary.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charismatic_leader (1123 words)

	Charismatic Leaders
		Charismatic Leaders are often thought of as heroes that are able to use their personal magic to lead others.
		Charismatic leaders are able to use their personal charm to get things done.
		Charismatic leaders have the ability to sense the gap that exists between what an organization is delivering to its followers and what the followers need from an organization.
	www.money-zine.com /Career-Development/Leadership-Skill/Charismatic-Leaders (719 words)

	"CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP, MANIPULATION AND THE COMPLEXITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Weber (1964) emphasized that the charismatic leader is self-ordained and self-styled.
		The leader must be a "magician with supernatural talents" and an ability to communicate his or her vision in a manner that appeals to human feelings.
		Charismatic leadership processes may leave space for persuasion and manipulation processes between leaders and the led, and ethical questions concerning its nature may, therefore, be of relevance.
	www.ugurzel.com /liderlik/ingilizce/CHARISMATIC_LEADERSHIP.htm (8775 words)

	Leadership and Conformity Part 3
		Transformational or charismatic leaders inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on followers.
		Leaders with charisma engage in behavior that is perceived as novel, unconventional, and counter to norms.
		Charismatic managers are often self-possessed, autocratic, and given to thinking that their opinions have a greater degree of certainty than they merit.
	pubpages.unh.edu /~ckb/leadership-part3.html (3078 words)

	Pol Pot's Charisma
		Charismatic authority is different from rational or traditional authority in that it spawns not from established orders or traditions, but rather from the special trust the charismatic leader induces in his followers, the peculiar powers he exhibits, and the unique qualities he possesses.
		Charismatic leaders help their followers achieve a state of transcendence by becoming the embodiment of the qualities they wish that they possessed.
		Charismatic leaders are able to distill complex thoughts and ideas into simple messages through the use of symbolism, analogies, and metaphors.
	www.mekong.net /cambodia/pol_pot1.htm (3101 words)

	Charismatic Leadership
		Charismatic Leaders pay a great deal of attention in scanning and reading their environment, and are good at picking up the moods and concerns of both individuals and larger audiences.
		Charismatic Leaders use a wide range of methods to manage their image and, if they are not naturally charismatic, may practice assiduously at developing their skills.
		Charismatic Leaders who are building a group, whether it is a political party, a cult or a business team, will often focus strongly on making the group very clear and distinct, separating it from other groups.
	changingminds.org /disciplines/leadership/styles/charismatic_leadership.htm (772 words)

	CESNUR 2001 - Charisma and NRMs Leaders (Chryssides)
		Charismatic authority certainly emanates from the leader’s charis, or ‘gift of grace’, and contrasts with ‘bureaucratic authority’ (the authority one gains from an office to which one is appointed within an institution) or ‘traditional authority’ (the kind of authority that emanates from tradition, such as that of a parent).
		Hence, the rise of charismatic leaders tended to occur as a kind of revolutionary force that challenged rational complacency is traditionalist periods of history.
		Cult leaders know that once an initiate has been reconditioned to accept their particular worldview, and as soon as he feels a sense of meaningful belonging, his mind will be ready to accept any teaching, including a belief that the leader represents God.
	www.cesnur.org /2001/london2001/chryssides.htm (4413 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		To be fair to Barker, she acknowledges that ‘[n]ot all new religious movements have charismatic leaders’, and that there are differences in the hegemonic styles among those movements that do.
		Charismatic individuals compensate for this narcissistic shame by assuming the role of prophet.
		Such leaders may be quite paranoid, but what fits them for their role is the fact that their self-esteem depends on their incessant use of certain mental functions.
	www.lycos.com /info/charismatic-leadership.html?page=2 (681 words)

	TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
		Charismatically qualified leader is obeyed by virtue of personal trust in him and his revelation, their heroism or exemplary qualities so far as they fall within the scope of the individual's belief in his charisma.
		Charismatic leaders choose members not for technical training, but on the basis of social privilege and the charismatic qualities of disciples.
		Leaders discover their own interests and activate interests, wants, needs, and expectations of followers, and then promise to meet them, resulting in mobilized demands for economic, social and psychological resources.
	cbae.nmsu.edu /~dboje/teaching/338/transformational_leadership.htm (8287 words)

	LOL Charismatic Leaders
		Charisma seems to be the result of specific behaviors on the part of the leaders, which – in turn – leads the followers to view them as charismatic.
		In essence, charismatic leaders have a powerful message, an arousing personality style and the needed interpersonal skills to make them a major force in effecting change.
		Charismatic leadership was compared to these other two styles, because actual leaders vary considerably in their levels of structuring and consideration.
	www.members.cox.net /dagershaw/lol/Charisma.html (654 words)

	sociology - Charismatic authority
		Charismatic authority is a form of religious or political leadership and authority largely tied to the popularity and charisma of a single leader.
		According to Weber, the idea of charismatic authority emerged from the sociology of religion, and is particularly associated with new religious movements (including cults) led by a charismatic individual (e.g.
		In order to maintain their charismatic authority, such regimes will often establish a vast personality cult, in which inspiring images of the leader are plastered all over the country.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Charismatic_authority (933 words)

	Where Is the Charismatic Movement Headed? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Charismatic deceivers dominate the airwaves where their programs on television and radio are giving millions of people a worldly, unspiritual brainwashing in the name of the Holy Spirit.
		Yet, all the while, these leaders were putting on a false front of spirituality to deceive the increasing millions of people who hung upon their every word as they appeared on television, spoke on radio broadcasts and at huge rallies, and indoctrinated their deluded followers by numerous seminars, videos, tapes and books.
		So far afield from the truth have charismatic leaders gone, that even some of the Pentecostals, upon whose basic teachings the charismatic movement was originally founded, have cried out against these leaders and their false, twisted, unbiblical teachings.
	www.fundamentalbiblechurch.org /Foundation/fbcwhere.htm (2904 words)

	FToI: Can Charismatic Leadership Lead to a Democratic Society?
		What makes people follow charismatic leaders is a source of debate, but it seems that the verbal ability of leaders to emphasize issues that people care about has been a major factor in their appeal.
		Given that the charismatic leader is not responsive to the peopleand#146;s feedback on his decisions, the peoplesand#146; votes, even if present, become a symbolic source of legitimacy, while the political structure operates upon the legitimacy of the charismatic leader.
		The charismatic leader in this case serves as an amplifier of the movement's energy for change and is not the sole determinant of the outcome.
	freethoughts.org /archives/000068.php (2444 words)

	Jiskha Homework Help - Social Studies: Psychology: Charismatic Leaders
		Charisma seems to be the result of specific behaviors on the part of the leaders, which - in turn - leads the followers to view them as charismatic.
		In essence, charismatic leaders have a powerful message, an arousing personality style and the needed interpersonal skills to make them a major force in effecting change.
		Charismatic leadership was compared to these other two styles, because actual leaders vary considerably in their levels of structuring and consideration.
	www.jiskha.com /social_studies/psychology/charisma.html (639 words)

	ETHICS, MORAL CHARACTER AND AUTHENTIC TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
		In short, while true and false transformational leaders may fail to exhibit any one of the four components: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation or individualized consideration, the component that ordinarily is missing in the personalized leadership of the pseudotransformational leader is individualized consideration.
		Leaders as divergent in their politics as Mao Zedong and Shimon Peres agreed that the task of leadership is to sense the problems of their followers and to articulate solutions which satisfied their interests.
		But truly transformational leaders, who engage in the moral uplifting of their followers, who move them to share in the mutually rewarding visions of success, who enable and empower them to convert the visions into realities, should be applauded, not chastised.
	cls.binghamton.edu /BassSteid.html (13471 words)

	Content Pages of the Encyclopedia of Religion and Social Science
		Charismatic leadership is often associated with dynamic and volatile religious phenomena and with profound and sudden transformations of a spiritual milieu.
		Charismatic leaders must continually be on the alert for threats to their authority from outsiders, dissidents, and rivals within the movement as well as from their administrative staff.
		Lacking both immediate restraints and long-term supports, a charismatic leader will be inclined to protect his or her position by attempting to "simplify" the group's internal environment to eliminate sources of dissension, normative diversity, and alternative leadership.
	hirr.hartsem.edu /ency/charisma.htm (1944 words)

	THE ETHICS OF CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP
		Generally included in the typical definition of power are the notions of dependency and control: a leader's ability to determine followers' behavior stems at least in part from the followers' dependency on the leader.
		This, in turn, is based on leaders' control over the various aspects of organizational life affecting followers or perceived as needed by the followers, such as material resources and organizational advancement.
		Ethical charismatics develop creative, critical thinking in their followers, provide opportunities for them to develop, welcome positive and negative feedback, recognize the contributions of others, share information with followers, and have moral standards that emphasize collective interests of the group, organization, or society.
	www.breakoutofthebox.com /charisma.htm (845 words)

	Leadership Review - A Publication of the Claremont McKenna College Kravis Leadership Institute
		Those leaders who are motivated by personalized power are apt to use power to aggrandize and satisfy their strong need for esteem and eminence.
		Once a charismatic leader has gained command of a country — in Castro's case, by means of military force — his or her control is maintained in various ways.
		When leaders cast themselves in the charismatic roles and their followers are cast as allies in pursuit of the vision of the charismatic leader, however, contradictions can occur because the typical charismatic leader tends to balance self-consistency over the longer term with the desire for shorter-term social goals.
	www.leadershipreview.org /2004fall/article2_fall_2004.asp (2115 words)

	Alban Weekly - Week of 3/27/06 - The Charismatic Leader and the Brain, Part 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Charismatic leaders are most likely highly skilled both in reading faces and in projecting their faces into the minds of others.
		Because charismatic leaders are probably good at reading and projecting ideals, and because their followers are drawn to what gives them pleasure—being known by and knowing others with high social intelligence—those followers are drawn to mimic the attributes and actions of their leaders.
		Should a charismatic leader falter or disappoint—and thus disrupt the brain mechanisms of facial recognition, reward/pleasure, and mimicry—followers may attach their emotions to another leader.
	www.alban.org /weekly/2006/060327_CharismaticLeader.asp (1151 words)

	The Mentor: An Academic Advising Journal
		Charismatic leadership is the degree to which the leader is seen as charismatic by followers.
		The inspirational leader instills pride in individuals, using pep talks and motivational speeches to build organizational morale, and uses his or her own behavior to set an example of what is expected (Bass, 1985).
		The leader must be able to determine the intellect of the subordinate and then, through the use of individualized consideration, decide the level of task that can be intellectually assigned to that subordinate.
	www.psu.edu /dus/mentor/030101mk.htm (2114 words)

	Charismatic Leadership (Weber)
		Charismatic Leadership is defined by Max Weber as "resting on devotion to the exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual person, and of the normative patterns or order revealed or ordained by him".
		Charismatic people have a remarkable ability to distill complex ideas into simple messages ("I have a dream"); they communicate by using symbols, analogies, metaphors and stories.
		Charismatic leaders are pictured as organizational heroes or magic leaders who have the social power basis to orchestrate turnarounds, launch new enterprises, inspire organizational renewal, and obtain extraordinary performance from organizational members.
	www.12manage.com /methods_weber_charismatic_leadership.html (556 words)

	frontline: apocalypse!: readings: modern messiahs - profiles of two charismatic leaders
		Mix one part "charismatic leader" with one part "apocalyptic visionary," and you have the formula for a potentially volatile religious explosion.
		Leaders who turn to apocalyptic often find divine direction and purpose in their activities which, in turn, buttress their confidence.
		Charismatic leaders are not given to self-reflection or self-criticism.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/apocalypse/readings/messiahs.html (1220 words)

	Charismatic Confusion and Benny Hinn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		He is the one person in the Charismatic Movement today who consistently appears to possess a "power" in his public "healing and miracle" meetings second to none of his peers and even greater than that of the late Kathryn Kuhlman, whose disciple Hinn frankly acknowledges himself to be.
		Sadly, the Charismatic Movement, which claims to be a movement of the Holy Spirit, actually contradicts many of the infallible teachings of the Holy Spirit as found in the written Word, the Bible.
		Hinn's rise to the top of the Charismatic ladder is due in large measure to the high esteem in which he is held by Paul and Jan Crouch and their promotion of his ministry and teachings on TBN.
	www.fundamentalbiblechurch.org /Foundation/fbcCharismaticConfusion.htm (5067 words)

	CHARISMA
		The charismatic leader cast themselves in the role of the visionary leading the assembled characters in pursuit of their vision, while not falling victim to the trickery and schemes of their antagonists.
		Charismatic leaders sometimes engage in self-promotion to appear competent, powerful, determined, innovative, etc. They may also perform in ways that promotes their vision of the future, and promote the organization or cause they lead/serve/embody.
		When leaders cast themselves in the charismatic roles and their followers are cast as allies in pursuit of the charismatic leaders vision (Gardner and Alvolio, 1998: 42; Harvey, 2001: 254), there are three contradictions.
	cbae.nmsu.edu /~dboje/teaching/338/charisma.htm (2347 words)

	Charismatic Leadership: Do You Believe in Magic? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Charismatic leaders are pictured as organizational heroes or "magic" leaders who can orchestrate turnarounds, launch new enterprises, inspire organizational renewal, and obtian extraordinary erformance form organizational members.
		By believing in the leader as hero, we may ignore that many of the key solutions to today's organization are in ourselves and we should not depend on a "hero" to rescue us.
		Despite a stated need for major transformation and charismatic leadership, a number of organizational practices may make it difficult for charismatic leadership to emerge and for charismatic leaders to be effective.
	web.cba.neu.edu /~ewertheim/leader/charisma.htm (824 words)

	ACM: Ubiquity - True Leadership
		If the enterprise collapses the moment these wonderful, charismatic leaders leave, that is not leadership.
		A leader must also have, among other things, a vision of where he or she wants to lead, some basic intelligence as to how to get there, as well as a significant amount of empathy to be able to gauge how well a message is getting across.
		Charismatic leadership may be deception in disguise, but true leadership is the ability to be the catalyst for significant change that persists after the individual is gone.
	www.acm.org /ubiquity/question/leadership.html (408 words)

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