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Topic: Charlemagne Division

	33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French) - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Charlemagne division was not a single military unit but succession of groups of collaborating French volunteers (though the exact nature of "volunteering" has been disputed).
		In February 2 1945 the unit was officially upgraded to a division with the name 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division der SS Charlemagne but was understaffed with 7340 men.
		Charlemagne's Legionnaires: French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS, 1943-1945.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/33rd_Waffen_Grenadier_Division_of_the_SS_Charlemagne_%281st_French%29 (816 words)

	33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French)
		In September 1944 this unit was renamed Waffen-Grenadier-Brigade der SS Charlemagne, with the addition of French collaborators fleeing the Allied advance in the west, as well as Frenchmen from the Horst Wessel brigade and Organisation Todt.
		In February 1945 the unit was officially upgraded to a division and renamed 33.Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS Charlemagne.
		The division was sent by train to fight against the Red Army in Poland, but on 25 February it was attacked while deploying from the railhead by troops of the Soviet 1st Belorussian Front and was broken into three battlegroups.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/33rdwaffendiv.html (517 words)

	Charlemagne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Coronation of Charlemagne, by assistants of Raphael.
		One of the great medieval literary cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or the Matter of France, centres on the deeds of Charlemagne and his historical commander of the border with Brittany, Roland, and the paladins who are analogous to the knights of the Round Table or King Arthur's court.
		Charlemagne's marriage and relationship politics and ethics did, however, result in a fairly large number of descendants, all of whom had far better life expectancies than is usually the case for children in that time period.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charlemagne (7594 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Treaty of Verdun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Though often presented as the beginning of a devolution or dissolution of Charlemagne's unitary empire, it in fact reflected the continued adherence to the Germanic, and therefore Frankish, idea of a partible or divisible inheritance rather than primogeniture, inheritance by the eldest son.
		The Division of the Carolingian Empire: Verdun 843 and Mersen, 870 (Col) Source: Adapted from Muirs Historical Atlas: (1911) Public domain image, taken from digitized copy at Internet Medieval Sourcebook[1] This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions.
		The Treaty of Mersen (870 AD) was an agreement of the division of the Carolingian Empire by the sons of Louis I, Charles II of the West Franks (France) and Louis the German of East Franks (Germany), signed at the town of Meerssen, which is now in the Netherlands.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Treaty-of-Verdun (2311 words)

	Frankish Knights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Archbishop was one of Charlemagne's advisers and knights.
		When Charlemagne returned to Aix with his army, he had Ganelon tried for treason, because he was responsible for Roland's death as well as the death of other members of the Twelve Peers and 20,000 men at Rencesvals.
		Pinabel challenged Charlemagne, and due to his prowess, many of the king's supporters were unwilling to face Pinabel in single combat; Roland or any of the Twelve Peers would have accepted Pinabel's challenge but they were all dead from the battle of Rencesvals.
	www.timelessmyths.com /arthurian/knights.html (962 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The last Heathen inhabitants of the region were Saxons until their defeat and conversion by Charlemagne.
		Charlemagne is reported to have destroyed the Saxon Irminsul in 772; and Wilhelm Teudt in the 1920s suggested that the location of the Irminsul had been at the Externsteine.
		Interest in the location was furthered by the Nazi Ahnenerbe division within the SS, who studied the stones for their value to Germanic folklore and history.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Externsteine (358 words)

	[No title]
		Charlemagne to Chartres By the late eighth century, Charles Martel and his son, Charlemagne, had managed to subdue the Islamic threat from the south.
		Charlemagne's towered entrance served as a visible reminder, both inside and outside of the church, of the role of the Holy Roman Emperor opposite that of the clergy, and in particular of the papacy.
		Charlemagne's earlier basilican plan, with its westworks and its transept crossing, became the basis for the Romanesque designs of the eleventh century.
	www.ewtn.com /library/HOMELIBR/SYNFORMS.TXT (1211 words)

	The Early History of the Germanic Tribes
		Charlemagne conquered the Lombard kingdom of north Italy in 774.
		In 800 Charlemagne was declared Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope.
		Charlemagne's son Louis continued the rule of the Frankish Holy Roman Empire which stretched from the Spanish Marches to what is now Germany and Austria.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/ancientgermans.htm (707 words)

	FRANCIA
		While Charlemagne probably was not going to think of the Imperial dignity as contingent on the approval of the Pope, this is how the matter developed, in line with increasing claims of Papal authority.
		With Charlemagne's coins, the denarius borrows its name from the silver coin of the early Empire, which had long been debased to nothing, while the obolus was originally a division of the Athenian drachma.
		Charlemagne's son, Louis (I) the Pious, faced a problem that ultimately had not existed for his father: multiple sons who, in the typical Germanic fashion, expected an equal division of the realm.
	www.friesian.com /francia.htm (14221 words)

	Charlemagne
		Charlemagne, portrait by.html" title="Albrecht DÃ¼rer">Albrecht DÃ¼rer Charlemagne (742 or 747 andndash; 28 January 814) (also Charles the GreatHis name in English, Charlemagne, is identical to the Old French form, which in turn comes from the Latin.
		His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of the arts and education in the West.
		Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens who menaced his realm from Spain.
	www.kiwipedia.com /charlemagne.html (325 words)

	"AXIS & LEGION MILITARIA" - Axis & Legion Militaria
		This division was engaged at Mielec in the bend of the Vistula Front.
		The Division was attached to the German XVIII Gebirgs-Korps of the 2nd Army, commanded by General Houchbaum, which was part of Army Group Vistula in Pomerania.
		By the 5-7 March 1945, the remnants of the Charlemagne Division was already surrounded by strong Russian forces at Körlin.
	axis101.bizland.com /Charlemagne1.htm (1771 words)

	33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Charlemagne division was formed in 1944 from an amalgam of troops serving in other French units of the German armed forces, as well as from the paramilitary Franc-Garde of the Milice.
		The Charlemagne Division was sent to fight the Red Army in Poland, but on February 25 it was attacked while deploying from the railhead at Hammerstein in Pomerania by troops of the Soviet 1st Belorussian Front.
		André Lamy, SS-Rottenführer of the Charlemagne Division, was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class on March 15, 1945, for his defense of Western Pomerania against the Red Army.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charlemagne_Division (1685 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Charlemagne division was formed in 1944 from an amalgam of troops serving in other French units of the German armed forces, as well as from the paramilitary Franc-Garde of the Milice.
		It was attached to SS Division Horst Wessel and sent to Galicia to fight the Soviet advance.
		The Charlemagne Division was sent to fight the Red Army in Poland, but on February 25 it was attacked while deploying from the railhead at Hammerstein in Pomerania by troops of the Soviet 1st Belorussian Front.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=SS_Division_Charlemagne (1425 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Pepin’s son, Charles (Charlemagne), when he assumed the throne, would continue this close relationship between his court and Rome and would impose the Christian faith upon all the subjects of his expanded Frankish empire.
		Charlemagne’s successor, his son Louis I, lacked his father’s strength, and although he, in his turn, wore the imperial crown, he could not hold the kingdom together.
		This division (the Treaty of Verdun, 843) set the seal on the dissolution of Charlemagne’s expanded kingdom.
	www.charlemagne.org /ch2.html (425 words)

	Saxony. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		After Charlemagne’s conquest (772–804) of the Saxons, their land was incorporated into the Carolingian empire, and late in the 9th cent.
		Including the four divisions of Westphalia, Angria, Eastphalia, and Holstein, it occupied nearly all the territory between the Elbe and Saale rivers on the east and the Rhine on the west; it bordered on Franconia and Thuringia in the south.
		In 1485 the Wettin lands were partitioned between two sons of Elector Frederick II; the division came to be permanent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sa/Saxony.html (1068 words)

	Chapter The Bulgarians, The Hungarians And The Russians. of History of The Decline And Fall of The Roman Empire by ...
		The soldiers were purified with a fast; the camp was blessed with the relics of saints and martyrs; and the Christian hero girded on his side the sword of Constantine, grasped the invincible spear of Charlemagne, and waved the banner of St.
		But his firmest confidence was placed in the holy lance, whose point was fashioned of the nails of the cross, and which his father had extorted from the king of Burgundy, by the threats of war, and the gift of a province.
		But the freeborn Barbarians were not dazzled by the lustre of the diadem, and the people asserted their indefeasible right of choosing, deposing, and punishing the hereditary servant of the state.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/1/62/109/25697/6.html (914 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Charlemagne
		The period of Charlemagne was also an epoch of reform for the Church in Gaul, and of
		Weiss (Weltgesch., 11, 549) enumerates fifty-three distinct campaigns of Charlemagne; of these it is possible to point to only twelve or fourteen which were not undertaken principally or entirely in execution of his mission as the soldier and protector of the Church.
		It is to be noted that in this public division of his estate he made no provision for the imperial title, also that he committed to all three sons "the defence and protection of the Roman Church".
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03610c.htm (7572 words)

	Dr. Vess's World Civilization Virtual Library
		Be able to discuss the anointing of Pepin, his bargain with the Papacy and the theory of monarchy suggested by these acts.
		Be able to discuss the reasons why the Franks were never able to maintain a stable empire culminating with the division of Charlemagne's empire in the Treaty of Verdun.
		the political structure of Charlemagne's empire the missi dominici feudalism: lord/vassal homage investiture fief feudal obligations the church and feudalism vii.
	www.faculty.de.gcsu.edu /~dvess/franks.htm (511 words)

	L'actualitÃ© et le buzz sur Division Charlemagne
		division SS de grenadiers volontaires Charlemagne Â», n'a pu Ãªtre restituÃ©e correctement ci-dessus.
		Waffen-Grenadier-Division der Waffen-SS "Charlemagne", dite Division Charlemagne, est une des 38 divisions de la Waffen SS qui servit durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et constituÃ©e de franÃ§ais volontairement engagÃ©s sous l'uniforme nazi contre le bolchevisme.
		Cette division est pratiquement anÃ©antie fin fÃ©vrier 1945 entre Stettin et Dantzig en PomÃ©ranie face Ã l'armÃ©e soviÃ©tique (elle compte alors environ 7000 soldats dont 3000 meurent) puis Ã KÃ¶rlin le 5 mars 1945.
	encyclopedie.enligne.fr /?title=Division_Charlemagne (483 words)

	The European Volunteer Movement in World War II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		With grim determination the Latvian 15th and 19th SS Divisions fought the communists for every square foot of their homeland, while in the Carpathian Mountains, the Ukranian Volunteer Division was reassembled.
		This was not the case in regard to both the 29th Italian SS Division and the 34th Dutch SS Division "Landstorm Nederland." The Italian SS troops fought both the Americans and the rear area communist partisans, and they distinguished themselves as perhaps the best troops that Italy produced during the war.
		The Belgian and French SS Divisions were brought up to strength in the fall of 1944 from among the many refugees that had fled to Germany plus veterans of the war with Russia.
	library.flawlesslogic.com /euro_2.htm (4101 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The 33rd Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS Charlemagne (franz·sische Nr.1) was officially formed on February 2nd, 1945 in West Prussia from the Waffen-Grenadier-Brigade der SS Charlemagne.
		Division split into three groups: The first with CO Krukenberg, fights to the Baltic coast and is evacuated to Denmark; eventually sent to refit at Neustrelitz in Mecklenberg.
		Division's regiments are downgraded as "Sturmbattalions." Remmnants of Regt.
	www.33rdss.com /p_history.php (2576 words)

	Chapter The Saracens, The Franks And The Normans. of History of The Decline And Fall of The Roman Empire by Gibbon
		The southern provinces, which now compose the kingdom of Naples, were subject, for the most part, to the Lombard dukes and princes of Beneventum; so powerful in war, that they checked for a moment the genius of Charlemagne; so liberal in peace, that they maintained in their capital an academy of thirty-two philosophers and grammarians.
		The division of this flourishing state produced the rival principalities of Benevento, Salerno, and Capua; and the thoughtless ambition or revenge of the competitors invited the Saracens to the ruin of their common inheritance.
		An offensive alliance was concluded between Basil the Macedonian, the first of his race, and Lewis the great-grandson of Charlemagne; and each party supplied the deficiencies of his associate.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/1/62/109/25698/1.html (849 words)

	Medieval Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In the west, the boundary was determined by the division of Charlemagne's empire not long after his death in the ninth century.
		Charlemagne subjugated and christianized the heathen Saxons between the Rhine and Elbe-Saale rivers in the 8th and 9th centuries.
		But it was not a true extension of the empire of Charlemagne or the old Roman Empire, although that was the ideal towards which he German emperors strove in the succeeding centuries.
	mars.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/germany/lectures/02medieval.html (2274 words)

	Division Charlemagne - Savoir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Division SS dite Division Charlemagne était une division de la Waffen SS qui servit durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
		Cette division sera pratiquement anéantie fin février 1945 entre Stettin et Dantzig en Poméranie face à l'armée soviétique (elle comptait alors environ 7000 soldats dont 3000 mourront) puis à Körlin le 5 mars 1945.
		en:33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French) it:33.
	savoir.pingouin.org /index.php/Division_Charlemagne (274 words)

	German Units & Hiatories
		With the 116th Panzer Division in World War II Organized in France in March, 1944 from elements of the 16th Panzer-Grenadier Division and the 179th Reserve Panzer Division, the 116th Panzer Division was one of the relatively rare German armored formations that fought exclusively on the Western Front.
		Luftwaffe Panzer division formed from the paratroop corps was one of the elite units in the Wehrmacht and fought in North Africa and Italy.
		The division enjoyed a high reputation for its combat capability, and was always at the focal points of the fighting on the Eastern Front in the last year of the war.
	stevenbaffa.tripod.com /bluemaxmilitaria/id15.html (9369 words)

	Alsace: A Brief History - France.com
		Under Charlemagne, the province prospered and the Church's power increased, unfortunately that would not last after his death.
		The division of this vast territory gave Alsace to Louis the Pious.
		For the next eight centuries, the fate of the province was held closely to that of the Holy Roman Empire.
	www.france.com /docs/81.html (563 words)

	Louis the Pious: History and Maps
		As Charlemagne aged, he realized he had to make a provision for the division of his empire among his sons, a Frankish custom.
		hen Charlemagne died in 814 his empire stretched from what is today northern Spain throughout the Low Countries, into Bavaria and throughout northern Italy.
		The Roman church was not sympathetic to this continual division of kingdoms, since it weakened the hold the clergy held on the political process.
	home.eckerd.edu /~oberhot/flouisphis.htm (493 words)

	Montesquieu: The Spirit of Laws: Book 30
		It is to be considered that those divisions of land were not made with a tyrannical spirit; but with a view of relieving the reciprocal wants of two nations that were to inhabit the same country.
		The division therefore was not general; but the Romans who gave the division were equal in number to the Burgundians who received it.
		This division was still subsisting in the time of Louis the Debonnaire, as appears by his Capitulary of the year 829, which has been inserted in the law of the Burgundians, tit.
	www.constitution.org /cm/sol_30.htm (14882 words)

	New York Press - - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Division Charlemagne is actually the 33rd Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS Charlemagne (Franzosische Nr.
		After bizarrely lamenting that he was born too late to join the Waffen SS Charlemagne Division (erroneously labeled an "anticommunist unit"), Taki treats the reader to a crude lesson in sedition law: Perfidious Albion hanged Lord Haw-Haw on the basis that he had a British passport, ergo he was a traitor.
		Politically correct or not, it was a Division of the Waffen SS and swore fidelity to Adolf Hitler.
	www.nypress.com /print.cfm?content_id=5651 (6392 words)

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