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Topic: Charlemagne cycle

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	Charlemagne - LoveToKnow 1911
		Charlemagne was endowed with the good and bad qualities of the epic king, and as in the case of Agamemnon and Arthur, his exploits paled beside those of his chief warriors.
		According to Berte aus grans pies, in the 13th-century remaniement of the Brabantine trouvere Adenes le Rois, Charlemagne was the son of Pippin and of Berte, the daughter of Flore and Blanchefleur, king and queen of Hungary.
		Charlemagne was recalled from Spain by the news of the outbreak of the Saxons.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Charlemagne (7510 words)

	Charlemagne. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The end of Charlemagne’s reign was troubled by the raids of Norse and Danes (see Norsemen), so Charlemagne took vigorous measures for the construction of a fleet, which his successors neglected.
		Charlemagne’s court at Aachen was the center of an intellectual renaissance.
		Charlemagne’s creation (or re-creation) of an empire was the basis of the theory of the Holy Roman Empire; it was his example that Napoleon I had in mind when he tried to assume his succession in 1804.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ch/Charlema.html (896 words)

	Matter of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Matter of France, also known as the Carolingian cycle, is a body of legendary history that springs from the Old French medieval literature of the chansons de geste.
		Central figures of the Matter of France include Charlemagne and his paladins, especially Roland, hero of the Chanson de Roland, and Oliver, a hero who was frequently cast in conflict with the Muslim champion Fierabras.
		Indeed, until the Celtic revival in Britain and Ireland breathed new life into the Arthurian cycle in the nineteenth century, the Matter of France and the Matter of Britain were more or less equally renowned divisions of medieval legend.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charlemagne_cycle (1100 words)

	Charlemagne
		Charlemagne (April 2, 742 - January 28, 814; or Charles the Great, in German: Karl der Große, in Latin: Carolus Magnus, and hence the adjective form 'Carolingian'), was king of the Franks from 771 to 814, nominally King of the Lombards, and Roman Emperor.
		Charlemagne applied the system to much of the European Continent, and Offa's standard was voluntarily adopted by much of England.
		Charlemagne's reign is often referred to as the Carolingian Renaissance because of the flowering of scholarship, literature, art and architecture.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ch/Charlimaine.html (636 words)

	Charlemagne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		One of the great medieval literature cycles the Charlemagne cycle or Matter of France centers around the deeds of Charlemagne's commander of the Breton border Roland and the paladins who served as a counterpart to knights of the Round Table ; their tales were first told in chansons de geste.
		Charlemagne's marriage and relationship politics and ethics did however result in a fairly number of descendants all of whom had better life expectancies than is usually the for children in that time period.
		A reconstructed portrait of Charlemagne by Marco Bakker : Reportret: Charlemagne (http://www.reportret.info/gallery/charlemagne1.html).
	www.freeglossary.com /Charlemagne (1380 words)

	Literature cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Another cycle that is frequently drawn upon is centered on the Trojan War; the Iliad, the Odyssey, the Aeneid, and countless other epic poetry that draws on this body of tales.
		Irish literature includes four cycles: the Fenian Cycle (the tales of Finn mac Cool and the Fiana); the Mythological Cycle; the Historical Cycle; and the Ulster Cycle (the tales of Cu Chulain).
		The York cycle of mystery plays described the entire history of salvation in 47 plays that were developed in York in the 14th through 16th centuries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Literature_cycle (221 words)

	Charlemagne - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		CHARLEMAGNE [Charlemagne] (Charles the Great or Charles I) [O.Fr.,=Charles the great], 742?-814, emperor of the West (800-814), Carolingian king of the Franks (768-814).
		Charlemagne's creation (or re-creation) of an empire was the basis of the theory of the Holy Roman Empire ; it was his example that Napoleon I had in mind when he tried to assume his succession in 1804.
		Charlemagne's fl stones: the re-use of Roman columns in early medieval Europe.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-charlema.html (976 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Charlemagne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Charlemagne CHARLEMAGNE [Charlemagne] (Charles the Great or Charles I) [O.FrCharles the great], 742?-814, emperor of the West (800-814), Carolingian king of the Franks (768-814).
		Roland ROLAND [Roland], the great French hero of the medieval Charlemagne cycle of chansons de geste, immortalized in the Chanson de Roland (11th or 12th cent Existence of an early Roland poem is indicated by the historian Wace's statement that Taillefer sang of Roland's deeds to inflame the men before
		Ogier the Dane OGIER THE DANE [Ogier the Dane], in the chansons de geste, a paladin of Charlemagne.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Charlemagne (589 words)

	Charlemagne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Charlemagne (or Charles the Great) was King of the Franks from 768, when his father Pepin the Short died.
		Charlemagne spent much of his reign at war, unifying the miscellaneous kingdoms and duchies of what are now France and Germany, capturing lands from the Slavs in the east, beating back the Muslims in Spain, and curbing the Lombards in Italy.
		Charlemagne, a widower, was apparently not thrilled by this development, as he may have been in the throes of negotiating a marriage with the Byzantine Empress Irene, a widow.
	www.hyw.com /books/history/Charlema.htm (346 words)

	The Definitive Guide to Charlemagne XXXX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 â“ 24 September 768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon (720 â“ 12 July 783), daughter of Caribert of Laon and Bertrada of Cologne.
		Charlemagne was engaged in almost constant battle throughout his reign, with his legendary sword Joyeuse in hand.
		One of the great medieval literary cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or the Matter of France, centres on the deeds of Charlemagne and his historical commander of the border with Brittany, Roland, and the paladins who are analogous to the knights of the Round Table or King Arthur's court.
	www.xxxx.com /s/Charlemagne (7419 words)

	cycle - definition by dict.die.net
		The number of cycles (per second) is a measure of the frequency of an alternating current.
		Cycle of eclipses, a period of about 6,586 days, the time of revolution of the moon's node; -- called Saros by the Chaldeans.
		The use of the term "cycle" for a computer clock period can probably be traced back to the rotation of a generator generating alternating current though computers generally use a clock signal which is more like a square wave.
	dict.die.net /cycle (707 words)

	Wikinfo \| Charlemagne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		On the death of Pippin the kingdom was divided between Charlemagne and his brother Carloman (Carloman ruled Austrasia).
		One of the great medieval literature cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or Matter of France, centers around the deeds of Charlemagne's historical commander of the Breton border, Roland, and the paladins who served as a counterpart to the knights of the Round Table; their tales were first told in the chansons de geste.
		They were married into houses of nobility and as a result of intermarriages many people of noble descend can indeed trace their ancestry back to Charlemagne.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Charlemagne (786 words)

	Jehan Bodel - LoveToKnow 1911
		The Chanson des Saisnes, Bodel's authorship of which has been called in question, is a chanson de geste belonging to the period of decadence, and is really a roman d'aventures based on earlier legends belonging to the Charlemagne cycle.
		It relates the wars of Charlemagne against the Saxons under Guiteclin de Sassoigne (Witikind or Widukind),with the second revolt of the Saxons and their final submission and conversion.
		Jehan Bodel makes no allusion to Ogier the Dane and many other personages of the Charlemagne cycle, but he mentions the defeat of Roland at Roncevaux.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Jehan_Bodel (473 words)

	Unique Facts About Europe: Charlemagne
		Charlemagne (2 April 742 or 747 – 28 January 814) (also Charles the Great; from Latin, Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus), son of King Pippin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, was the king of the Franks from 768 to 814 and king of the Lombards from 774 to 814.
		The pan-European nature of Charlemagne's influence is indicated by the origins of many of the men who worked for him: Alcuin, an Anglo-Saxon from York; Theodulf, a Visigoth, probably from Septimania; Paul the Deacon, a Lombard; and Angilbert and Einhard, Franks.
		One of the great medieval literary cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or the Matter of France, centers around the deeds of Charlemagne and his historical commander of the Breton border, Roland, and the paladins who are analogous to the knights of the Round Table or King Arthur's court.
	www.sheppardsoftware.com /Europeweb/factfile/Unique-facts-Europe35.htm (1565 words)

	Historical Figures - Charlemagne
		Up until the mid-20th century, Charlemagne's birthday was believed to be the 1st of April, 742, but several factors led to reconsideration of this traditional date.
		The second problem is that 742 precedes the marriage of his parents (in 744), yet there is no indication that Charlemagne was born out of wedlock, and he inherited from his parents which ought not to have been possible under those circumstances.
		In 800, at Mass on Christmas day in Rome, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Imperator Romanorum (Emperor of Rome), a title that had been out of use in the West since the abdication of Romulus Augustulus in 476.
	www.dailypast.com /historical-figures/charlemagne.shtml (1349 words)

	AllRefer.com - Roland (French Literature) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Existence of an early Roland poem is indicated by the historian Wace's statement that Taillefer sang of Roland's deeds to inflame the men before the Battle of Hastings (1066).
		Historically Roland was Charlemagne's commander on the Breton border; he was killed in a pass in the Pyrenees when Basques cut off the rear guard of the Frankish army returning from its invasion of Spain in 778.
		Charlemagne disperses the pagans and defeats the reinforcing hosts of the emir Baligant, and Ganelon is tried and put to death.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/Roland.html (424 words)

	Charlemagne & France: A Thousand Years of Mythology specs at MSN Shopping
		"Charlemagne, claimed by the Church as a saint, by the French as their greatest king, by the Germans as their compatriot, by the Italians as their emperor, heads all modern histories in one way or another; he is the creator of a new order of things, " wrote the historian Sismondi in 1821.
		Part 1 of the book explores a fundamental cycle in the history of Charlemagne's representation, beginning shortly after the great emperor's death and continuing to the end of the sixteenth century.
		Part 2 of the book discusses the remythologizing of Charlemagne in Renaissance and Reformation France through the late nineteenth century.At a time when a new Europe is being created and when France continues to redefine and reinvent itself, Morrissey's detailed study of how history has been reappropriated is particularly valuable.
	shopping.msn.com /specs.aspx?itemId=1175867&fulldesc=1 (193 words)

	Emperor Charlemagne Of Holy Roman Empire / Reginopycrha Of The Holy Roman Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		One of the great medieval literature cycles, the Charlemagne cycle or Matter of France, centres around the deeds of Charlemagne s historical commander of the Breton border, Roland, and the paladins who served as a counterpart to the knights of the Round Table their tales were first told in the chansons de geste.
		Charlemagne s marriage and relationship politics and ethics did, however, result in a fairly large number of descendants, all of whom had far better life expectancies than is usually the case for children in that time period.
		Charlemagne s portraits The Roman tradition of realistic personal portraiture was in complete eclipse at the time of Charlemagne, where individual traits were submerged in iconic typecastings.
	www.e-familytree.net /F7/F7739.htm (1580 words)

	[History] > 9th Century - Tet - Coronation of Charlemagne
		Charlemagne began his reign as King of the Franks in 768.
		I, Fourth Ed.) declares that this event is "most important single event in the momentous reign of Charlemagne." It is strongly integrated with the great Spoke 9 theme of the establishment of God's Kingdom which we see in various Inner Cycles as well, such as Psalm 9 and Isaiah 9.
		I find it intriguing, in light of the revelation of the relation between History and the structure of Scripture, that there was a recognition of the Work of God in the "march of the centuries" during the course of the same.
	www.biblewheel.com /History/C09_Charlemagne.asp (716 words)

	Thelemapedia: The Encyclopedia of Thelema & Magick \| Carolus Magnus
		Arguably the founder of the Frankish Empire in Western Europe, Charlemagne was the elder son of Pepin the Short (714–768, reigned 751-768), the brother of the Lady Bertha (mother of Roland), the first Carolingian king, and his wife Bertrada of Laon (720–783).
		On the death of Pepin the kingdom was divided between Charlemagne and his brother Carloman, son of Carloman (who ruled Austrasia).
		Carloman died in December, 771, leaving Charlemagne the leader of a reunified Frankish kingdom.
	www.thelemapedia.org /index.php/Carolus_Magnus (707 words)

	Charlemagne
		Arguably the founder of the Frankish Empire in Western Europe, Charlemagne was the elder son of Pepin the Short (714 - September 24, 768, reigned 751 - 768, the brother of the Lady Bertha (mother of Roland), the first Carolingian king, and his wife Bertrada of Laon (720 - July 12, 783).
		Carloman died on December 5, 771, leaving Charlemagne the leader of a reunified Frankish kingdom.
		While this title helped to make Europe independent of Constantinople, Charlemagne did not use the title until much later, as he feared it would create dependence on the Pope.
	www.themiddleages.net /people/charlemagne.html (903 words)

	Sample Chapter for Benbassa, E.: The Jews of France: A History from Antiquity to the Present.
		It may therefore be supposed that the Jews did not wait for Charlemagne in order to settle in the lands of the Carolingian empire that he inaugurated in 800, but it was from this time that their numbers begin to grow under favorably peaceful circumstances.
		The relations between the emperor and the Jews are surrounded by a certain number of legends spread by an entire narrative literature, notably the account from a Christian source known as the Pseudo-Philomena, composed by a monk in the thirteenth century, attributing to the Jews an essential role in the surrender of Narbonne.
		Around 825, Louis the Pious, son of Charlemagne, accorded Jewish merchants a number of privileges (such as exemption from certain tolls and other duties on the transport of merchandise as well as royal protection of their life and property), which suggests that these merchants played an important role in international commerce.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/s6706.html (4011 words)

	Ziegler - Trial by Fire and Battle in Medieval German Literature
		Charlemagne was deeply convinced that God's aid could be invoked in the name of justice and imported the ordeal into European law codes.
		But even more interesting is the way in which imperial authority, as embodied in the person of Charlemagne, is threatened by the noble clan of Genelun who manage to cow many of the imperial nobility of the court, though not the emperor himself.
		Moreover, Charlemagne's royal authority is shown in opposition to traditional German compensatory justice (p.52), when Genelun's family offers compensation for the killing of Roland: ultimately they are made to submit to royal justice, though in the process Der Stricker makes much of the dramatic tension.
	www.deremilitari.org /REVIEWS/Ziegler_TrialBattle.htm (1517 words)

	Charlemagne - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK
		Charlemagne (Charles the Great or Charles I) [O.Fr.,=Charles the great], 742?-814, emperor of the West (800-814), Carolingian king of the Franks (768-814).
		to recognize Carloman's sons, Charlemagne intervened (773) on the side of the pope and defeated the Lombards.
		Charlemagne's creation (or re-creation) of an empire was the basis of the theory of the Holy Roman Empire
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/search/search.php?word=CHARLEMAGNE&enc=9576 (947 words)

	Charlemagne, Roland, and Turpin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the year 800, Charlemagne, being in Rome, whither he had gone with a numerous army to protect the Pope, was crowned by the Pontiff Emperor of the West.
		Charlemagne's wars were chiefly against the pagan and barbarous people, who, under the name of Saxons, inhabited the countries now called Hanover and Holland.
		Though after this there were hostile encounters between the armies of Charlemagne and the Saracens, they were of small account, and generally on the soil of Spain.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /santiago/bulrlnd.html (388 words)

	CHARLEMAGNE PALESTINE INTERVIEW
		A long neglected musician, composer, performer and visual artist, Charlemagne Palestine is only recently recognized as a driving force in experimental music scene.
		After a week, they put in a correction notice that they made a mistake and the retraction was in the back of the newspaper.
		The Indian harmonium and the organesque sound in general dates from Charlemagne's earliest musical outings and were inspired by Herman Helmholtz's book On The Sensations Of Tone." Forced Exposure catalogue.
	www.furious.com /perfect/charlemagnepalestine.html (3467 words)

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