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Topic: Charles, Duke of Calabria

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	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Charles Borromeo
		Charles' office of secretary of state and his care for the business of the family did not prevent him from giving time to study, and even to recreations in the form of playing the lute and violoncello, and a game of ball.
		Charles was now assured that it was his duty to remain in the world; but all the more he felt he ought to visit his diocese, though the pope always opposed his departure.
		Charles was at Lodi, at the funeral of the bishop.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03619a.htm (7012 words)

	Aimon II of BOURBON - Jacques II of BOURBON
		Ancestors of Charles I of BOURBON, Duke of Bourbonnais
		\-Jeanne of FOREZ Charles I of BOURBON, Duke of Bourbonnais
		\-Jeanne of CHATILLON Charles of BOURBON \-Marguerite of PREUX
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~dphaner/HTML/people/p000004g.htm (2078 words)

	Joan I of Naples - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		She was the daughter of Charles, Duke of Calabria (eldest son of king Robert I of Naples) and Marie of Valois (a sister of King Philip VI of France).
		At the age of seven years (1334), she was betrothed to her 6-year-old second cousin Prince Andrew (Hung: Endre) of the Hungarian branch of the House of Anjou, the son of Charles I of Hungary and younger brother of Louis I.
		In retaliation, Pope Urban VI declared her kingdom (a papal fief) to be forfeit and bestowed it upon Charles of Durazzo, her niece's husband and the heir-male.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Joan_I_of_Naples (583 words)

	Naples
		Charles II of Naples Charles II, known as the Lame (Charles I of Naples.
		Charles III of Naples Charles III, King of Naples, also known as Charles II of Hungary and Charles of Durazzo, reigned...
		He was born in the castle of Charles VII of France and became Quee...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/naples.html (478 words)

	RENE I., OF ANJOU - LoveToKnow Article on RENE I., OF ANJOU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		RENE I. (1409-1480), duke of Anjou, of Lorraine and Bar, count of Provence and of Piedmont, king of Naples, Sicily and Jerusalem, was born at Angers on the i6th of January 1409, the second son of Louis II., king of Sicily, duke of Anjou, count of Provence, and of Yolande of Aragon.
		By his marriage treaty (1419) with Isabel, elder daughter of Charles II., duke of Lorraine, he became heir to the duchy of Bar, which was claimed as the inheritance of his mother Yolande, and, in right of his wife, heir to the duchy of Lorraine.
		This proceeding roused the anger of the Burgundian duke, Philip the Good, who required him early in the next year to return to his prison, from which he was released two years later on payment of a heavy ransom.
	26.1911encyclopedia.org /R/RE/RENE_I_OF_ANJOU.htm (2729 words)

	Joan I of Naples (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Joanna of Anjou, the daughter of Charles, Duke of Calabria and Joan, Duchess of Calabria, was married in 1334 at the tender age of seven to 6-year old Prince Andre (a.k.a.
		Prince Andre, Duke of Calabria, was the son to Princess Elizabeth of Poland.
		Following her arranged marriage to Andre, Queen Joan I (who was actually in love with Charles, Duke of Durazzo) is recorded to have exclaimed, "When one is fifteen, a crown is heavy to wear, and I was sacrificed to a man whom I can never love".
	www.ukpedia.com /j/joan-i-of-naples.html (1629 words)

	[No title]
		Charles, her foster son, loved her as a mother, and she was the confidante of his two wives in turn, especially of the second wife, Marie of Valois.
		Charles slowly went up to the duchess's room, and sending away all the people who were standing round her bed, on the pretext that they were clumsy and made his mother worse, he shut the door, and they were alone.
		Charles, your mother forgives and blesses you in death." Charles fell upon her neck, desperately crying for help: he would now have gladly saved her at the cost of his life, but it was too late.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/2/7/5/2750/old/jonap10.txt (12781 words)

	JOANNA THE MAD - LoveToKnow Article on JOANNA THE MAD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		JOANNA (1479-1555), called the Mad (la Loca), queen of Castile and mother of the emperor Charles V., was the second daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, king and queen of Spain, and was jorn at Toledo on the 6th of November 1479.
		In addition to Charles she had a son Ferdinand, afterwards the emperor Ferdinand I., and four daughters, among them being Maria (1505-1558), wife of Louis II., king of Hungary, afterwards governor-general of the Netherlands.
		Her first husband was Andrew, son of Charles Robert, king of Hungary, who like the queen herself was a member of the house of Anjou.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JO/JOANNA_THE_MAD.htm (1597 words)

	LOUIS, KING OF THE FRANKS - LoveToKnow Article on LOUIS, KING OF THE FRANKS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		His army was destroyed by disease and Louis himself died at Biseglia, near Bari, on the 2oth of September 1384, leaving two sons, his successor, Louis II., and Charles, duke of Calabria.
		Louis II., duke of Anjou (1377-1417), born at Toulon on the 7th of October 1377, took up the struggle for Naples after his father's death and was crowned king by Clement VII.
		Louis III., duke of Anjou (1403-1434), born on the 2jth of September 1403, made in his turn an attempt to conquer Naples.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LO/LOUIS_KING_OF_THE_FRANKS.htm (672 words)

	Italy
		But the Spain of Charles V was not now to be resisted, and the League only accomplished the loss of Milan (1526) and the memorable sack of Rome by the Spanish army (1527).
		It was the invasion of Italy by the French King Charles VIII in 1494 that disrupted the rule of the Medici.
		Charles of Anjou petitioned the Pope for the title for Jerusalem, which was granted, but the nobles of Outremer, who always regarded the office as elective, chose King Hugh III of Cyprus.
	www.friesian.com /italia.htm (9544 words)

	HISTORY OF FLORENCE AND OF THE AFFAIRS OF ITALY / BOOK II - CHAPTER VI
		But Charles, being engaged in the wars of Sicily, and therefore unable to undertake the sovereignty of the city, sent in his stead Walter, by birth a Frenchman, and duke of Athens.
		This caused the duke of Calabria to be apprehensive for the safety of Naples; he therefore left Florence, and appointed as his viceroy Filippo da Saggineto.
		And as one event either of good or evil seldom comes alone, at Naples also died Charles duke of Calabria and lord of Florence, so that in a short time, beyond the expectation of their most sanguine hopes, the Florentines found themselves delivered from the domination of the one and the fear of the other.
	www.globusz.com /ebooks/Florence/00000024.htm (1187 words)

	Joan of Naples
		His mother, Agnes, the widow of the Duke of Durazzo and Albania, another of the king's brothers, looked upon him affrighted, clutching to her breast her two younger sons, Ludovico, Count of Gravina, and Robert, Prince of Morea.
		Charles, pale-faced, with short hair and thick beard, was glancing with suspicion first at his dying uncle and then at Joan and the little Marie, then again at his cousins, apparently so excited by tumultuous thoughts that he could not stand still.
		His feverish uneasiness presented a marked contrast with the calm, dreamy face of Bertrand d'Artois, who, giving precedence to his father Charles, approached the queen at the foot of the bed, and so found himself face to face with Joan.
	manybooks.net /pages/dumasalpetext01jonap11/17.html (185 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Florence
		The popular government of the guild-masters or priors (Capi delle arti) was restored; Charles of Anjou, brother of St. Louis of France and King of Naples, was called in as peacemaker (paciere) in 1267, and was appointed podestà.
		In the peace concluded between Emperor Charles V and Clement VII it was agreed that the Medici rule should be restored in Florence.
		Various art collections are: the Uffizi Gallery; the Pitti, in the old palace of the grand dukes; the archaeological museum with its fine collection of coins and tapestries; the Museum of the Duomo or cathedral; the Accademia delle belle arti (Academy of the Fine Arts); and the Casa Buonarroti (house of Michelangelo).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06105c.htm (6434 words)

	Joan of Naples, The Man in the Iron Mask, and Martin Guerre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Charles fell upon her neck, desperately crying for help: he would now have gladly saved her at the cost of his life, but it was too late.
		But the Duke of Durazzo was by no means deceived as to the devoted friendship shown towards him by the heir of the house of Tarentum, and pretending to be deeply touched by the unexpected change of feeling, he all the time kept a strict guard on Robert's actions.
		Charles was talking carelessly with his young wife, who was but little used to such tranquil conversation and expansiveness, when the Prince of Tarentum, exhausted, out of breath, bathed in perspiration, came up with his incredible tale.
	www.blackmask.com /books10c/dumascrime6.htm (16235 words)

	Chapter 1 Page 3
		But in spite of all these smiling and innocent graces one could yet discern in Robert's heiress a will firm and resolute to brave every obstacle, and the dark rings that circled her fine eyes plainly showed that her heart was already agitated by passions beyond her years.
		Beside Joan stood her younger sister, Marie, who was twelve or thirteen years of age, the second daughter of Charles, Duke of Calabria, who had died before her birth, and whose mother, Marie of Valois, had unhappily been lost to her from her cradle.
		Exceedingly pretty and shy, she seemed distressed by such an assembly of great personages, and quietly drew near to the widow of the grand seneschal, Philippa, surnamed the Catanese, the princesses' governess, whom they honoured as a mother.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Dumas/Joan/Dumas_JoanC1P3.htm (982 words)

	Articles - Charles of Valois (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Charles III of Valois (March 12, 1270 â€“ December 16, 1325) was the third son of Philip III of France and Isabella, daughter of James I.
		His first marriage, in 1290, was to Marguerite of Anjou and Maine (1274â€“1299), daughter of King Charles II of Naples.
		Charles II, Count of AlenÃ§on (1297 â€“ August 26, 1346 at the Battle of CrÃ©cy).
	www.outship.com /articles/Charles_of_Valois (262 words)

	Naples Information
		It is one of the largest theaters of Europe and was built in 1737 for Charles III of Spain and Naples by Angelo Caresale by the Plans of Giovanni Antonio Medrano.
		In the center is the towering multilevel tomb of Robert the Wise d'Angio, sculpted by Giovanni and Pacio Bertini in 1343.
		To its right is Tino di Camaino's tomb of Charles, duke of Calabria; and on the left is the 1399 monument to Mary of Durazza.
	www.nsa.naples.navy.mil /gaetamwr/naples_info.htm (2220 words)

	Writings of Machiavelli, vol. 1 ToC: The Online Library of Liberty
		The Florentines are defeated by the troops of the Duke.
		The Duke of Milan treats with Count Francesco Sforza, captain of the Venetians; in consequence of which negotiations, ill-humors and suspicions arise in the minds of the Count and the Venetians.
		Giovanni Andrea Lampognano, Carlo Visconti, and Girolamo Olgiato kill the Duke in San Stefano; they are all three put to death, the first two by the servants of the Duke, and the latter is decapitated by the public executioner.
	oll.libertyfund.org /ToC/0076-01.php (4273 words)

	Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - Sacred Military Constantinian Order
		Therefore Charles Maria renounced his rights for himself and his lineage in full awareness and with no conditions.
		However, the recent judgement issued by the Italian State Council is fundamental to this matter, because it finally closed all disputes on the claim of the prince of the Spanish Family detailed in an Opinion dated 26 November 1981.
		On this matter, however, the most famous and important legal experts gave their opinions and concluded that the present Duke of Castro and Head of the Dynasty, Prince Ferdinand of Bourbon Two Sicilies, is the sole and lawful dynastic heir of the Grand Magistery of the Constantinian Militia
	www.realcasadiborbone.it /uk/ordcost/ord_rc_04.htm (553 words)

	The Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although it was claimed by the Carlists, and by some later writers, that Isabel's assumption of the Sovereignty of the Golden Fleece was in contravention of the Statutes, the original terms of the Burgundian succession would have placed her as the heir after the death of Ferdinand VII.
		It was unsurprising, therefore, that following the revolution of 1868, it was conferred, probably illegally, both by the provisional government of the Duke of la Torre (1868-1870) and the short-lived Monarchy of the Duke of Aosta (1870-1872).
		As such he could neither pretend to the title of Duke of Burgundy (a fief of the French Crown) nor to the Sovereignty of the Golden Fleece, although he was persuaded to do so in 1946 by certain of his adherents.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/spanish/spangdfl.htm (3380 words)

	Joan of Naples, by Alexandre Dumas, Pere : Arthur's Classic Novels
		The king remained motionless, his arms raised, his eyes fixed on heaven, his cheeks extraordinarily bright, while the princes, barons, and officers of the court proffered to Joan and her husband the oath of fidelity and allegiance.
		But there was no echo to his cry, and Charles of Durazzo, measuring the Dominican with a terrible look, approached the queen, and taking her by the hand, slid back the curtains of the balcony, from which was seen the square and the town of Naples.
		Charles threw himself into an easy-chair, and gazing fixedly at the man who stood before him, his eyes on the ground and his arms crossed upon his breast in an attitude of the deepest respect and blind obedience, he said slowly, as though weighing each word--
	arthursclassicnovels.com /arthurs/dumas/jonap10.html (15211 words)

	Biographies
		Impressed, Charles sent her to raise the siege at Orléans, which she did successfully, driving the English from the city and allowing Charles VII to be crowned at Rheims.
		She was soon captured by Burgundians and sold to the English, who found her guilty of witchcraft and wearing a man's clothes.
		She received recognition and approval from Charles, Duke of Calabria (Uitz 67).
	library.thinkquest.org /12834/text/bios.html (1860 words)

	History of Florence
		But the people were divided between those who sided with the Medici and the bulk of citizens, inflamed by the sermons of Girolamo Savonarola, who preoceeded to reform the government, imposing a new regime in which an important role was given to a "Gran Consiglio" which reunited the members of the principal families.
		He obtained a sovereign title from the pope and on March 5th 1570 was crowned grand duke of Tuscany by Pius V. When he died in 1574 he left the government in the hands of his son Francesco who reigned till 1587 when he was succeeded by his brother Ferdinando I (1587-1609).
		In the main room and the hall of the Laurenziana Library, with its dominating central staircase giving the impression of a cascading wave of a waterfall, supported on the side by the balustrade and the thick line of high stairs, Michelangelo anticipates the characteristic of the Baroque style, which tends to force space inwards.
	www.aboutflorence.com /history-of-Florence.html (6281 words)

	Historical Encyclopedia of WA - WA Snapshots
		Largely on Thomas’s evidence, Laurence Frederick Bullock, a Gallipoli veteran, and Charles Leonard Albert Williams, an insurance agent, were convicted in the WA Supreme Court on 23 June 1942 of conspiring to assist Japanese forces then seemingly poised to invade Australia.
		This deployment, during which the Australian cruiser was awarded the battle honours Calabria 1940, Cape Spada 1940 and Mediterranean 1940, was completed in January 1941.
		The ground was renamed in honour of the visiting Duke of Gloucester in 1934.
	www.encyclopedia.uwapress.uwa.edu.au /wa_snapshots (9969 words)

	Art of Simone Martini
		This event took place in secret in Rome in December 1296, in the presence of Boniface VIII; Louis's father, Charles II, for political reasons wanted his son to become Bishop of Toulouse, for he needed to have direct control over an area that was particularly important for the King of France, Philip the Fair.
		The buildings of the city centre are counterbalanced by the rural landscape in the scene of the Knight Falling down a Ravine, probably a depiction of the countryside immediately outside Siena, with the towers of faraway castles standing out amidst the bare hills.
		It seems quite likely that during his stay in Siena the Lord of Altomonte met the artist who had given such a masterly portrayal of the Anjou of Naples and of Hungary on the walls of the Lower Church in Assisi and in the Naples Altarpiece commissioned by King Robert.
	www.kfki.hu /~arthp/tours/siena/simone4.html (3203 words)

	History of Florence, by Niccolo Machiavelli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Giovanni de’ Medici acquires the favor of the people—Bravery of Biaggio del Melano—Baseness of Zanobi del Pino—The Florentines obtain the friendship of the lord of Faenza—League of the Florentines with the Venetians—Origin of the Catasto—The rich citizens discontented with it—Peace with the duke of Milan—New disturbances on account of the Catasto.
		CHAPTER II The duke of Milan becomes lord of Genoa—The king of Naples and the duke of Milan endeavor to secure their dominions to their heirs—Jacopo Piccinino honorably received at Milan, and shortly afterward murdered at Naples—Fruitless endeavors of Pius II.
		Bernardo takes possession of Prato, but is not assisted by the inhabitants—He is taken, and the tumult appeased—Corruption of Florence—The duke of Milan in Florence—The church of Santo Spirito destroyed by fire—The rebellion of Volterra, and the cause of it—Volterra reduced to obedience by force, in accordance with the advice of Lorenzo de’ Medici—Volterra pillaged.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /m/machiavelli/niccolo/m149h (1138 words)

	Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (Italy) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Naples and Sicily were in Angevin hands when Charles I (1268-1282) lost Sicily in the war of the "Sicilian Vespers".
		Peter repulsed the Angevins, and then Frederick (1295-1337) married the daughter of Charles I Angevin and promised that Sicily would return to the Angevins at his death.
		Scuffles broke out between the two groups of supporters outside Naples cathedral on Saturday, forcing the heirs to the Italian throne to cancel attending a mass there on their first visit to the city after 57 years in exile.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/it-2s.html (1558 words)

	Royal News 2005, Section I
		Prince Charles of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Prince of Wales (son of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain and Norhern Ireland and of her husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, né Prince of Greece and Denmark) married Mrs Camilla Parker-Bowles, née Shand (daughter of Bruce Middleton Hope Shand and of his wife, née Hon.
		In 1949 she married Prince Ferdinand of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro (son of Prince Ranieri of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro, and of his wife, née Countess Caroline Zamoyska), one of the two claimants to the headship of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies.
		The engagement was announced between Duke Michael of Württemberg (b.1965, son of Duke Carl of Württemberg and of his wife, née Princess Diane d'Orléans) and Julia Storz.
	pages.prodigy.net /ptheroff/2005_1.html (2601 words)

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