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	Barkla, Charles Glover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Barkla was born in Widnes, Lancashire, and studied in Liverpool and at Cambridge.
		Barkla was one of the first to emphasize the importance of the amount of charge in an atom (rather than merely its atomic mass) in determining an element's position in the periodic table.
		Between 1904 and 1907 Barkla found that, unlike the low atomic mass elements, the heavy elements produced secondary radiation of a longer wavelength than that of the primary X-ray beam, and that the radiation from the heavier elements is of two characteristic types.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/B/Barkla/1.html (229 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla - Biography
		Barkla's first researches concerned the velocity of electric waves along wires but in 1902 he commenced his investigations on Röntgen radiation which were to occupy almost his whole life.
		Barkla made valuable contributions to present knowledge on the absorption and photographic action of X-rays and his later work demonstrated the relation between the characteristic X-radiation and the corpuscular radiation accompanying it.
		Charles Glover Barkla married Mary Esther, the eldest daughter of John T. Cowell of Douglas, Receiver-General of the Isle of Man, in 1907.
	nobelprize.org /physics/laureates/1917/barkla-bio.html (546 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla Biography / Biography of Charles Glover Barkla History of Scientific Discovery Biography
		Charles Barkla was one of the first scientists to help reveal the true nature of X-rays and, through later applications of his findings, the nature of the atom.
		While using various samples of gases to scatter his X-rays, he noticed that different gases affected the intensity of the rays differently, and that the intensity of change was proportional to the gas's position on the periodic table of elements (and, thus, proportional to its atomic weight).
		In 1917, Barkla was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of the relationship between X-rays and atomic structure.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-charles-glover-barkla-wsd (562 words)

	Wikipedia: X-ray
		Among the important early researchers in X-rays were Sir William Crookes, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, Eugene Goldstein, Heinrich Hertz, Philipp Lenard, Hermann von Helmholtz, Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, Charles Barkla, and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.
		Dally had a habit of testing X-ray tubes on his hands, and acquired a cancer in them so tenacious that both arms were amputated in a futile attempt to save his life.
		In 1906, physicist Charles Barkla discovered that X-rays could be scattered by gases, and that each element had a characteristic X-ray.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/x/x_/x_ray.html (812 words)

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		Charles, Ray Charles, Ray (Ray Charles Robinson), 1930-, American musician and composer, b.
		Barkla, Charles Glover Barkla, Charles Gloverglŭ´ver bär´kle, 1877-1944, English physicist.
		It is the remnant of a supernova that was observed in 1054 by Chinese and Arab astronomers to be as bright as Venus; markings in northern New Mexi...
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Charles+and+Ray+Eames (586 words)

	General Chemistry Online: FAQ: Electrons in atoms: Why are the shells named K, L, M, ... instead of A, B, C...? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Barkla's work was continued by Moseley and others, and eventually it became the basis for an experimental procedure for determining the atomic numbers of the elements.
		L radiation is produced when electrons knocked out of the n=2 shell are recaptured; since the n=2 shell has higher energy than the n=1 shell, less energy is released and L radiation is weaker (less able to penetrate metals) than K radiation.
		The presentation speech for Charles Barkla's Nobel Prize, awarded "for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements".
	antoine.frostburg.edu /chem/senese/101/electrons/faq/why-KLMNOP.shtml (530 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla Biography
		When Barkla first noticed secondary radiation coming from substances exposed to X rays, he assumed that the secondary radiation was caused by scattering of the primary X rays.
		Barkla later found that secondary radiation from elements with the heaviest atoms and molecules had two components.
		Barkla also showed that X rays were transverse waves like light, proving that they were electromagnetic radiation.
	www.ebiog.com /biography/736769787/charles-glover-barkla/bio.htm (435 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla Winner of the 1917 Nobel Prize in Physics
		Charles Glover Barkla — Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar)
		Charles Glover Barkla - Characteristic Röntgen radiation - Nobel Lecture (pdf format) (submitted by Harrison)
		Charles Glover Barkla (Physics, Biographies) (submitted by Davis)
	almaz.com /nobel/physics/1917a.html (99 words)

	Explore The University of Edinburgh \| Charles Glover Barkla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		--> Englishman Charles Glover Barkla was born in Widnes, Lancashire, in June 1877.
		Barkla's most significant research centred around the physics of X-rays.
		Barkla's plaque is iIn the vicinity of the Canongate
	www.ed.ac.uk /history/charlesgloverbarkla.html (205 words)

	Barkla, Charles Glover
		Educated at Trinity and King's colleges, Cambridge, he joined the faculty of Liverpool University in 1902, moved to the University of London in 1909, and became professor of natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh in 1913.
		In 1906 Barkla and C.A. Sadler used X-ray scattering to determine the number of electrons in the carbon atom.
		At about the same time Barkla was able to polarize X rays (select X-ray waves that vibrate in the same plane), thus demonstrating that X rays are transverse waves and hence like other electromagnetic radiations, such as light.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/52_42.html (154 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		More results on "Charles Glover Barkla" when you join.
		When Elizabeth II became queen of England in 1952, her eldest son, Charles, became heir to the throne.
		Usually known as the prince of Wales, Charles is also earl of Chester, duke of Cornwall, duke of Rothesay, earl of Carrick, and baron of Renfrew, among other titles.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9013385 (619 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla Article, CharlesGloverBarkla Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He was professor of natural philosophy at Edinburgh from 1913.For his discovery of the characteristic X-rays of elements he received the 1917 Nobel Prize inPhysics.
		He evolved the laws of X-ray scattering and the laws governing the transmission of X rays through matter andexcitation of secondary rays.
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	www.anoca.org /rays/he/charles_glover_barkla.html (131 words)

	Read about Charles Glover Barkla at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Charles Glover Barkla and learn about Charles ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Read about Charles Glover Barkla at WorldVillage Encyclopedia.
		Charles Glover Barkla (June 7, 1877 –; October 23, 1944) was a
		He was born in Widnes and studied at the
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Charles_Glover_Barkla (145 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Charles Glover Barkla - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Charles Glover Barkla (June 7, 1877 – October 23, 1944) was a British physicist.
		This page was last modified 13:54, 12 Feb 2005.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Charles_Glover_Barkla (158 words)

	King's Nobel laureates - Kings College London (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Barkla (1877-1944), Professor of Physics at King's 1909-1913, for researches into X-rays and other emissions.
		Professor Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1861-1947), taught physiology and toxicology at Guy's Hospital from 1894 to 1898, for research on vitamins and beriberi.
		Professor Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857-1952), lectured in Systematic Physiology at St Thomas' Hospital 1887-1891, for researches on the nervous system.
	www.kcl.ac.uk /kcl/road/www/article/100/jsp/Render.jsp?a=3265&m=print (214 words)

	The Science Bookstore - Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Babbage, C. In England Charles Babbage designs a Difference Engine to calculate logarithms, but the machine is never built.
		Charles Barkla discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to
		CHARLES LOUIS ALPHONSE LAVERAN in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases.
	www.thesciencebookstore.com /chron.asp?searchstring=Charles (384 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla History Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He was awarded the 1917 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering that x-ray scattering depends on the molecular weight of gases through which it passes (1903).
		In 1904 Barkla observed x-ray polarization, which suggested x-rays were a form of electromagnetic radiation.
		He also noted that secondary radiation produced by x-ray absorption was of two types—later referred to as K-radiation and L-radiation.
	www.bookrags.com /history/sciencehistory/charles-glover-barkla-scit-0612345 (112 words)

	WU Libraries: Arthur L. Hughes, 1883-1978
		[At] Liverpool University, he took a physics course under Charles Barkla, a young instructor who was doing research in the field of X-rays and who later won a Nobel Prize.
		Barkla asked Hughes to help record observations in an experiment.
		Barkla later urged Hughes to take an honors-level physics course.
	library.wustl.edu /units/spec/exhibits/crow/hughesbio.html (707 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla - rFind.net
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		The Ray Charles Station kommer det att stå på poststämpeln på brev som skickas dä...
	www.rfind.net /info/Charles_Glover_Barkla (335 words)

	X-ray - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Among the important early researchers in X-rays were Professor Ivan Pului, Sir William Crookes, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, Eugen Goldstein, Heinrich Hertz, Philipp Lenard, Hermann von Helmholtz, Nikola Tesla, Thomas Edison, Charles Glover Barkla, Max von Laue, and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.
		Physicist Johann Hittorf (1824 - 1914) observed tubes with energy rays extending from a negative electrode.
		Dally had a habit of testing X-ray tubes on his hands, and acquired a cancer in them so tenacious that both arms were amputated in a futile attempt to save his life[2].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/X-ray (2351 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Barkla Charles Glover
		MSN Encarta - Search Results - Barkla Charles Glover
		Glover, Danny, born in 1947, American actor, who has appeared in theater, motion pictures, and television in a wide range of roles.
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Barkla_Charles_Glover.html (97 words)

	Encyclopedia: Charles Glover Barkla
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	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Charles-Glover-Barkla (504 words)

	The Purpose
		Barkla assigned the letter K to electrons in the n = 1 shell, L to electrons in the n = 2 shell, and so on
		Electron transitions to the K shell of an atom are called K x-rays, and transitions to the L shell are called L x-rays.
		In chemistry, values of n start at 1 and increase in successive integers, whereas values of l are denoted by the letters s, p, d, f, g and so on.
	isotopes.lbl.gov /xray (1584 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles Glover Barkla (Physics, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Charles Glover Barkla (Physics, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Charles Glover Barkla[glu´vur bAr´klu] Pronunciation Key, 1877–1944, English physicist.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Charles Glover Barkla
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Barkla-C.html (165 words)

	★ Books by Charles Glover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This artikel Charles_Glover_Barkla is licensed under the GNU free Documentation License.
		Charles Godfrey Leland - Algonquin Legends - 0486269442
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	★ Books by Charles Chree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This artikel Hughes_Medal is licensed under the GNU free Documentation License.
		Charles Christiansen Elizabeth Townsend - Introduction to Occupation - 0130133035
		Charles Creekmore - Zen and the Art of Diabetes Maintenance: a Spiritual Toolkit for a Better Life - 1580401201
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	THE MICRO-COSMONAUTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		[01]...1906; CHARLES BARKLA discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to the atomic weight of the element.
		CHARLES GLOVER BARKLA is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements.
		CHARLES H. And the other half jointly to: NICOLAY GENNADIYEVICH BASOV and ALEKSANDR MIKHAILOVICH PROKHOROV for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.
	hometown.aol.com /eilatlog/taxons/taxonsC.html (8287 words)

	EARTHQUAKES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1906, Charles Glover Barkla (1877-1944) proved that X-rays are transverse waves by showing that they can be polarised by scattering from many materials.
		Following a suggestion by Max von Laue (1879-1960) in 1912, the father and son team, Sir William Henry Bragg (1862-1942) and Sir William Lawrence Bragg (1890-1971), perfected the technique of measuring wavelength of X-rays using a crystal (say Nacl) as a diffraction grating.
		Therefore, cathode-ray tube operation was normally limited to gas pressures and voltages (approximately 9 kV) sufficient to produce visible beams, but not so great that the glass faces of the tubes would melt where the rays impinged.
	www.vigyanprasar.com /dream/mar2001/X-Rays.htm (8046 words)

	Charles Glover Barkla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Prof Charles Glover Barkla (1917): Discovery of the electromagnetic properties...
		Sir Charles Sherrington (1932): Functional analysis of motor...
		Einstein, Germany and Switzerland.1920 -- Charles Edouard Guillaume, Switzerland.1919...
	enciclopedia.cc /Charles_Glover_Barkla (297 words)

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