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	Charles Bonnet
		Charles Bonnet, a Swiss naturalist and philosophical writer, was born at Geneva on March 13, 1720, to a French family driven into Switzerland by the religious persecution in the 16th century.
		The sensation accompanying this increased flexibility in the nerve is, according to Bonnet, the condition of memory.
		Bonnets metaphysical theory is based on two principles borrowed from Leibniz.
	www.philosophyprofessor.com /philosophers/charles-bonnet.php (1032 words)

	Charles Bonnet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charles Bonnet (March 13, 1720 – May 20, 1793), Swiss naturalist and philosophical writer, was born at Geneva, of a French family driven into Switzerland by the religious persecution in the 16th century.
		In 1740 Bonnet communicated to the academy of sciences a paper containing a series of experiments establishing what is now termed parthenogenesis in aphides or tree-lice, which obtained for him the honour of being admitted a corresponding member of the academy.
		The sensation accompanying this increased flexibility in the nerve is, according to Bonnet, the condition of memory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Bonnet (1081 words)

	Charles Bonnet (www.whonamedit.com)
		Charles Bonnet was born to a French family driven into Switzerland by the religious persecution in the 16th century.
		Charles Bonnet described a lady who insisted of dressing in a death shroud and being put in a coffin.
		Bonnet's concept of the essential continuity of life, a consequence of his discovery and preformationist interpretation of parthogenesis, was a major force in the shaping of later evolutionary opinion.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2445.html (1031 words)

	Charles Bonnet Syndrome
		Charles Bonnet syndrome (or CBS for short) is a term used to describe the situation when people with sight problems start to see things which they know aren't real.
		A Swiss philosopher named Charles Bonnet first described this condition in the 1760 when he noticed his grandfather who was blinded by cataracts describing seeing birds and buildings which were not there.
		Charles Bonnet syndrome affects people with sight difficulties and usually only people who have lost their sight later in life.
	www.meta-religion.com /Neurology/Disorders/charles_bonnet_syndrome.htm (1057 words)

	Charles Bonnet
		In 1740 Bonnet communicated to the academy of sciences a paper containing a series of experiments establishing what is now termed parthenogenesis in aphides or tree-lice, which obtained for him the honor of being admitted a corresponding member of the academy.
		They had no children, but Madame Bonnet's nephew, the celebrated H. de Saussure, was brought up as their son.
		There seems, in fact, to be an oscillation between two distinct but analogous doctrines -- that of the constantly increasing advancement of the individual in future stages of existence, and that of the constantly increasing advancement of the race as a whole according to the successive evolutions of the globe.
	www.nndb.com /people/040/000100737 (977 words)

	Review of Optometry
		This patient has Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS), a condition in which patients experience complex visual hallucinations, often pleasant in nature, that cannot be explained by any disturbance of thought or the presence of a psychiatric disorder.
		CBS is named after Charles Bonnet (1720-1793), a Swiss naturalist, biologist and philosopher who was the first person to use a scientific approach in the study of hallucinations and related phenomena.
		Charles Bonnet was the first person to use a scientific approach in the study of hallucinations and related phenomena.
	www.revoptom.com /index.asp?page=2_1548.htm (2579 words)

	A Comparative Look at Hallucinations in Schizophrenics and Sufferers of Charles Bonnet Syndrome, and Their ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet syndrome is the onset of hallucinations in psychologically healthy individuals who have become either visually-impaired, or completely blind.
		In Charles Bonnet sufferers, hallucinations can usually be recognized (besides by their content) by the fact that they are seen in greater clarity and more detail than what the individual is capable of given their deteriorated vision (4).
		Thus, while Charles Bonnet sufferers can perceive a world outside of their hallucinations that does not correspond to those images, a schizophrenic's entire perceptive experience is effected by their condition (5).
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro01/web3/Cohen.html (1826 words)

	Charles Bonnet Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet syndrome (or CBS for short) is a term used to describe the situation when people with sight problems start to see things which they know aren't real.
		A Swiss philosopher named Charles Bonnet first described this condition in the 1760 when he noticed his grandfather who was blinded by cataracts describing seeing birds and buildings which were not there.
		Charles Bonnet syndrome affects people with sight difficulties and usually only people who have lost their sight later in life.
	www.rnib.org.uk /xpedio/groups/public/documents/PublicWebsite/public_rnib003641.hcsp (1318 words)

	Charles Bonnet Biography / Biography of Charles Bonnet World of Biology Biography
		Bonnet was born in Geneva, Switzerland, to a wealthy family.
		Many of Bonnet's observations are contained in his Traité d'insectologie (1745), which remains his highest regarded work in the field of insect biology.
		Bonnet's observations on parthenogenetic reproduction, which is procreation without fertilization from sperm, are considered of special importance.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-charles-bonnet-wob (245 words)

	Charles Bonnet Biography / Biography of Charles Bonnet World of Genetics Biography
		During his studies of the life cycle of aphids, Charles Bonnet discovered parthenogenesis, that is, reproduction without fertilization.
		Bonnet, the only son in a wealthy family, was a lawyer by profession, but he devoted most of his life to the study of natural history and philosophical writing.
		Two years later, Bonnet had extended some of Réaumur's experiments on aphids and was able to prove that female aphids were able to reproduce without fertilization by the male.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-charles-bonnet-wog (249 words)

	[Charles bonnet syndrome: a case presentation.] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet syndrome comprises the triad of visual hallucinations, visual sensory deprivation, and preserved cognitive status.
		An 80-year-old female with normal cognitive functions in the presence of primary optic atrophy and visual hallucinations was diagnosed with Charles Bonnet syndrome.
		My Mother suffers from Charles Bonnet Syndrome and I’m looking to see if there is anyone out there reading this (or having it read to them) who suffers from it too.
	counsellingresource.com /medications-research/2005/03/30/charles-bonnet-syndrome-a-case-presentation (546 words)

	Charles Bonnet Syndrom
		Charles Bonnets Syndrome (CBS), characterised by the presence of complex visual hallucinations in psychologically
		Characteristics of hallucinations in 60 patients with Charles Bonnet Syndrome.
		A study of the prevalence of the Charles Bonnet syndrome and associated factors in 500 patients attending the University Department of Ophthalmology at Nijmegen.
	www.geocities.com /franzbardon/CharlesBonnetSyndrome_e.html (2544 words)

	Charles Bonnet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Bonnet, a resident of Geneva, discovered in 1740 that female aphids were able to reproduce without fertilization.
		1770), Bonnet argued that females carry within them all future generations in a miniature form.
		He believed these miniature beings, sometimes called homonculi, would be able to survive even great cataclysms such as the biblical Flood; he predicted, moreover, that these catastrophes brought about evolutionary change, and that after the next disaster, men would become angels, mammals would gain intelligence, and so on.
	www.english.upenn.edu /Projects/knarf/People/bonnet.html (95 words)

	Deaf and Hard of Hearing Professionals in Science - Charles Bonnet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet, the Swiss Naturalist, was elected to the Royal Society in 1743.
		Charles asked the naturalist to suggest a topic for him to inve stigate.
		Charles interest in teaching deaf children was limited to his philosophical writings.
	clerccenter.gallaudet.edu /mssd/mssd-science/bonnet.html (226 words)

	Bonnet, Charles on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		BONNET, CHARLES [Bonnet, Charles], 1720-93, Swiss naturalist and philosopher.
		Hallucinations in the vision-impaired elderly: The Charles Bonnet syndrome
		A crowd listens as U.S. Representative Charles RANGEL speaks in front of the Federal Building in Harlem during a peace rally organized by the Mosque of Is (NYC30781)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/b/bonnet-c1.asp (637 words)

	Macula Vision Research Foundation: Charles Bonnet Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet Syndrome affects people with serious sight loss and usually only people who have lost their sight later in life but can affect people of any age, usually appearing after a period of worsening sight.
		On the other hand, people with a mental illness have trouble telling the difference between their fantasies and reality and will often come up with complicated explanations for the things they are seeing (sometimes called a delusion).
		If you think you are having Charles Bonnet Syndrome hallucinations then tell your General Practitioner about them.
	www.mvrf.org /md101/cbs.html (1083 words)

	Lighthouse International - Charles Bonnet Syndrome
		Charles Bonnet, an 18th century Swiss naturalist and philosopher, is credited as the first person to describe the syndrome.
		You may never experience Charles Bonnet Syndrome, you may have it for only a few months, or you may have it for years.
		Charles Bonnet Syndrome is no more than a side effect of vision loss.
	www.lighthouse.org /medical/eye-disorders/charles-bonnet-syndrome (896 words)

	BJO -- eLetters for Tan et al., 88 (10) 1325-1329 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The first relates to possible variations in the prevalence rate of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in different populations, on which there is currently very little substantive data.
		Charles Bonnet syndrome in Asian patients in a tertiary ophthalmic centre.
		In contrast, ophthalmologists and neurologists have used CBS to emphasise eye or visual pathway disease, with the phenomenology of the hallucinations and age being of secondary importance [9,10].
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/eletters/88/10/1325 (1971 words)

	timelinescience - photosynthesis (Charles Bonnet) - resources
		Charles Bonnet was born in Switzerland, and went at least partially deaf in his early childhood.
		This very visible production of oxygen by an illuminated leaf is still used regularly in school laboratories as a way of investigating rates of photosynthesis.
		By the time Bonnet was in his thirties his eyesight also began to fail but he continued with his scientific work, relying on developing intellectual models rather than doing active practical work as he became increasingly isolated from the world.
	www.timelinescience.org /resource/students/photosyn/bonnet.htm (145 words)

	Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine tartrate eye drops -- Tomsak et al. 87 (7): 917 -- British Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine tartrate eye drops -- Tomsak et al.
		Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine tartrate eye drops
		The Charles Bonnet syndrome is characterised by persistent or
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/87/7/917 (621 words)

	Visual Hallucinations: Another Argument for Brain Equals Behavior (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Charles Bonnet syndrome is the onset of hallucinations in psychologically healthy individuals who have recently become blind or seeing impaired.
		These hallucinations are experienced identically to normal seeing, however they are distinguishable from reality because of their content and the fact that they often appear in clearer and greater detail than Charles Bonnet patients (whose visions have been impaired or lost) would naturally see (3).
		Charles Bonnet sufferers do, and an important thing to remember is that just because they don't respond to their hallucinations as if they were real does not mean that they do not affect their behavior.
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro01/web2/Cohen.html (1078 words)

	Journal of San Diego History
		His great-uncles Charles and Jean Baptiste Durand were portrait painters and his grandfather, Charles Emile Bonnet, an architect and engineer, was invited from France to assist in designing the U.S. Treasury Building.
		Leon Bonnet first studied with his father who was a professional artist.
		Bonnet died in San Diego on June 22, 1936.
	www.sandiegohistory.org /journal/2001-3/imagesbonnet.htm (204 words)

	Sensory deprivation
		Though Bonnet's elderly uncle knew that the objects he saw were not real, his experiences were still quite powerful.
		When they examined fourteen new cases of Charles Bonnet syndrome, Schultz and Melzack (1993) verified that the hallucinations were not the result of drugs or mental conditions such as dementia, depression or anxiety.
		In the Charles Bonnet syndrome, the sensory starvation that set the stage for the hallucinations was accidental --the result of a naturally occurring vision impairment.
	www.bio.brandeis.edu /~sekuler/senpro/topic_1_stuff/sensory_deprivation.html (926 words)

	Charles Bonnet Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis -- CHEN et al. 158 (7): 1158 -- American Journal of Psychiatry
		Charles Bonnet Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis -- CHEN et al.
		A, a 56-year-old woman with no cognitive impairment, claimed to see vivid and complicated images after losing her vision for 4 months as a result of optic neuritis.
		Gold K, Rabins PV: Isolated visual hallucination and the Charles Bonnet syndrome: a review of the literature and presentation of six cases.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/158/7/1158-a (522 words)

	BJO -- eLetters for Tomsak et al., 87 (7) 917
		Charles Bonnet Syndrome - Author reply [electronic response to RL Tomsak, CR Zaret, and D Weidenthal; Charles Bonnet syndrome precipitated by brimonidine tartrate eye drops] bjophthalmol.com 2004 http://bjo.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/87/7/917#204
		Clinically and historically Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is indeed a disorder of the elderly, in spite of rare reports of the syndrome in young patients.
		Therefore, we feel justified in concluding that brimonidine tartrate precipitated the CBS in our patients, and we agree that this should be considered a potential side effect of this medication.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/eletters/87/7/917 (1154 words)

	MAPS: "we are all hallucinating, all of the time." --v. ramachandran
		Stowens, 85, was aware that she was having hallucinations, and she was certain that they had something to do with the fact that she suffered from the eye disease macular degeneration.
		-------------- Commentary (J.F.): The complex hallucinations observed in Charles Bonnet patients are the visual equivalent of the phantom limb syndrome.
		In the Charles Bonnet syndrome, the recently blinded cortex receives visually random stimulation from other regions of the brain, and attempts to organize it in visual terms.
	www.maps.org /pipermail/maps_forum/2004-October/006240.html (1079 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles Bonnet (Zoology, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Charles Bonnet (Zoology, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Charles Bonnet[shArl bOnA´] Pronunciation Key, 1720–93, Swiss naturalist and philosopher.
		He drew attention to parthenogenesis in aphids, but his theories were highly fanciful and unscientific.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Bonnet-C.html (148 words)

	Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease and Charles Bonnet Syndrome -- TERAO 157 (12): 2062 -- American Journal of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease and Charles Bonnet Syndrome -- TERAO 157 (12): 2062 -- American Journal of Psychiatry
		Hosty G: Charles Bonnet syndrome: a description of two cases.
		Terao T: Effect of carbamazepine and clonazepam combination on Charles Bonnet syndrome: a case report.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/157/12/2062 (382 words)

	Charles Bonnet Syndrome - Fact Sheets - Fact Sheets and Resources - Vision Australia
		People who have Charles Bonnet Syndrome are aware that these images are not real.
		Charles Bonnet Syndrome can affect people with significant vision impairment of all ages.
		Although there is no cure or treatment for Charles Bonnet Syndrome, simply knowing the hallucinations are not a result of mental illness can help people manage the condition.
	www.visionaustralia.org.au /info.aspx?page=599 (231 words)

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