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	Charles Cros - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charles Cros (October 1, 1842 - August 9, 1888) was a French poet and inventor.
		Cros was a well regarded poet and humorous writer.
		L'Académie Charles Cros, the French equivalent of the US Recording Academy, is named in his honor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Cros (137 words)

	Charles Cros - Introduction
		Lorsqu'on prononce le nom de Charles Cros, outre l'académie du même nom, ce sont ces vers qui viennent à l'esprit chagrin des enfants _ petits, petits, petits, souvent devenus des gens _ graves, graves, graves...
		Cros appartient à une génération qui, entre la Commune étranglée et la défaite de 1870, a vu l'avènement du Second Empire et la fin de toutes les illusions politiques.
		Charles Cros n'appartient à aucun groupe fixe, à aucune école, mais il fréquente les cercles hétéroclites où se réunissent les artistes bohèmes et de fantasques révolutionnaires : le salon de Nina de Villard, sa maîtresse, les Zutistes, le Chat Noir, les Hydropathes, pour n'en citer que quelques uns.
	www.alalettre.com /cros-intro.htm (989 words)

	Charles Cros -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros (October 1 1842 - August 9, 1888) was a (The Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France) French poet and (Someone who is the first to think of or make something) inventor.
		Cros was a well regarded (A writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)) poet and humorous (Writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)) writer.
		Charles Cros died in (The capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce) Paris.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/C/Ch/Charles_Cros.htm (231 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: Cros, Charles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cros also develops the ideas behind the duplicating system that is still used in the manufacture of records today.
		Cros invented a phonograph (paléophone) in 1877, the year in which Thomas A. Edison of the United States made his first recording.
		Charles Cros, savant et poète français, ami de Nadar, imagine en 1877 un système capable d'enregistrer le son sur un disque ou un cylindre.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/CROS_BIO.html (397 words)

	Charles Cros
		On the 30th day of April, 1877, M. Charles Cros deposited with the Secretary of the Academy of Sciences in Paris a sealed envelope, containing a paper on a "PROCESS OF RECORDING AND OF REPRODUCING AUDIBLE PHENOMENA" which in translation, is as follows:
		Nevertheless to Charles Cros belongs the honor of having first suggested the idea of, and feasible plan for, mechanically reproducing speech once uttered.
		Source: "The Graphophone" by Henry Edmunds, paper read 7 September, 1888, at Section G of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Bath Meeting, copy in the Tainter Papers, Smithsonian National Museum of American History, Washington, D. © 1999 by Steven E. Schoenherr.
	history.sandiego.edu /GEN/recording/cros.html (467 words)

	Laputan Logic
		On the same day in 1869, Charles Cros and Louis Ducos de Hauron, without knowledge of one another sent news of their identical inventions of colour photography to the Société française de photographie.
		Cros' documentation of proof which had been lodged in a safety deposit box had predated Ducos de Hauron's by nearly a year (although both had been working on the subject for longer than that) but the latter had produced actual samples using this method.
		Cros, incidentally, didn't invent the Nipkow disk however even if he had he probably would have missed out on all the credit.
	www.laputanlogic.com /articles/2004/06 (2547 words)

	Timeline - Krone-Sammlung (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros (1842 - 1888) was a French poet and Bohemian.
		He was also active as an inventor and worked at the same time as Ducos du Hauron on the problem of colour photography using three separate negatives, whereby he used fluid filters for making colour separations for the first time.
		Cros was also concerned with the transmission of news by telegraph and developed the prototype of a phonograph, the "paléophone", in 1877, but he could not uphold his copyright against Thomas Alva Edison (1847 - 1931).
	www.knaw.nl /ecpa/sepia/exhibition/iapp/Glossary/C_35.htm (116 words)

	Biographie de Charles Cros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cros fait la connaissance de Nina de Villard qui anime un célèbre salon littéraire et que le poète aimera.
		Cros conçoit, un an avant Edison, l'idée du phonographe.
		Cros continue de travailler sur la photographie en couleurs.
	poetes.com /cros/biograph.htm (341 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Book of Days \| October 1 \| Harvest Thanksgiving Annie Besant Battle ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros, French poet, inventor of the phonograph.
		“Charles Cros, inventor of the phonograph, was the most popular poet-singer of this kind in mid-19th-century Paris, and his poems spoke for a way of life completely unassimilable by the money-crazy, hypocritical, debauched, and puritanical society of Louis Napoleon’s gimcrack Second Empire.
		It is from people like Charles Cros, simple, sensuous, lyrical, and sarcastic, that poets like Verlaine come, and all of those that he, Verlaine, first called “poètes maudits,” the cursed, the outcast poets, Germain Nouveau, Arthur Rimbaud, Alfred Jarry, Tristan Corbière, Jean Richepin.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/oct1.html (4399 words)

	Charles Cros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros (de octubre el 1 de 1842 - de agosto el 9 de 1888) era poeta e inventor franceses.
		Cros era poeta bien mirado y escritor chistoso.
		Antes de que Cros tuviera una ocasión de seguir en esta idea o de procurar construir un modelo de trabajo, Thomas Alva Edison introdujo su primer fonógrafo de trabajo en los E.E.U.U. Edison y Cros no sabía al parecer de uno a trabaja por adelantado.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/ch/Charles%20Cros.htm (152 words)

	Charles Cros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On the 30th day of April, 1877, M. Charles Cros deposited with the Secretary of the Academy of Sciences in Paris a sealed envelope, containing a paper on a "PROCESS OF RECORDING AND OF REPRODUCING AUDIBLE PHENOMENA" which in translation, is as follows:
		Nevertheless to Charles Cros belongs the honor of having first suggested the idea of, and feasible plan for, mechanically reproducing speech once uttered.
		Source: "The Graphophone" by Henry Edmunds, paper read 7 September, 1888, at Section G of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Bath Meeting, copy in the Tainter Papers, Smithsonian National Museum of American History, Washington, D. © 1999 by Steven E. Schoenherr.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/recording/cros.html (467 words)

	The History of Recorded Sound: Before the Phonograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros was an individual who came much closer than anyone except for Thomas Edison.
		Cros was a poet and teacher, and enjoyed tinkering with ideas.
		Cros theorized that he could electroplate the vibrations of sound on to a disc by recording on to a substance applied over the steel.
	www.edisonnj.org /menlopark/birthplace/beforethephonograph.asp (383 words)

	Poetry Daily Feature: Charles Cros / tr. John Kinsella - New England Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros (1842-88) was a French poet, humorist, songwriter, and inventor.
		He developed improved methods of telegraph technology and photography, but is best known for discovering the sound technology of the phonograph – though he lacked the funds to produce and patent it – before it was patented by Thomas Edison.
		He was a friend of Verlaine and Rimbaud, who nearly killed Cros by pouring sulfuric acid into his drink one night at a café.
	www.poems.com /newencro.htm (312 words)

	Viva La Chuck :: Warning: the following site is retarded
		I’ll start at the beginning when Charles (for short) was a boy, he was fascinated with the martial arts and sailing.
		Charles said to him that he was offering him a sword.
		The next morning the Cros attacked, there was one ship with Cros on it, but Charles suspected there was another ship.
	www.freewebs.com /matrixman27/storypage.htm (1964 words)

	Charles Cros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Né en 1842 à; Fabrezan dans les Corbières, Charles Cros fut un savant de talent à qui on doit deux inventions majeures : celle du phonographe et celle d'un procédé de photographie des couleurs.
		Il était le frère du sculpteur Henri Cros, son aîné de deux ans.
		Charles Cros, on le sait moins, écrivit également de très beaux poèmes comme le coffret de santal.
	www.terres-cathares.com /perso-c-cros.html (102 words)

	Catherine Major nominated for Charles Cros Award (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Quebec singer-songwriter Catherine Major’s album Par-dessus bord (Overboard) was recently nominated for a 2004 Grand Prize of the Charles Cros Academy, to be presented in November at Maison de Radio France in Paris.
		She was in the country at the time for a week-long residency undertaken to create a concert that she later presented, on May 28, in Portes les Valences as part of the "Ah!
		The Charles Cros Academy has presented its Favourite French Song awards for the past four years to honour new albums selected for the outstanding quality of their lyrics and music, and their performers’ creativity and talents.
	www.socan.ca /jsp/en/news_events/news_archive2004/CrosPrize2004.jsp (195 words)

	Read about Charles Cros at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Charles Cros and learn about Charles Cros here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros (October 1, 1842 - August 9, 1888) was a
		Cros was a well regarded poet and humorous
		Before Cros had a chance to follow up on this idea or attempt to construct a working model,
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Charles_Cros (148 words)

	Charles Cros - EVENE
		Fils d'un docteur en droit et philosophe, qui dirige les humanités de son fils, Charles Cros entreprend des études de médecine qu'il n'achève pas.
		Son grand père, Antoine Cros, était 'professeur de belles lettres' et traducteur de Théocrite.
		Charles l'évoque en quelques vers : 'Vous faisiez des vers très doux / D'après le doux Théocrite / L'Oaristys !
	www.evene.fr /celebre/biographie/charles-cros-4147.php (543 words)

	Charles Cros - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Charles Cros - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 12:04, 16 Jun 2005.
		The article about Charles Cros contains information related to Charles Cros.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Charles_Cros (155 words)

	Leeds & Grenville GenWeb - Leeds County Marriages, 1869 - 1875
		Charles / Annie Mary Grace McQueen 25 Brock Thomas / Mary Sept.
		Charles / Mary Ann Elizabeth Whitley 19 Ire.
		Charles / Annie Mary Grace McQueen 25 Brockville Thomas / Mary Sept.
	www.rootsweb.com /~onleedsg/docs/ld_mar.htm (16360 words)

	Nattiez, Jean-Jacques
		Other works by Nattiez are devoted to the influence of music on novelist Marcel Proust, and also to semiology and musicology.
		Following conducting studies with Jacques Clément in Montreal, Fernand Quattrochi and Pierre Dervaux in Nice, and Charles Bruck in Hancock, Maine, he was musical director of the Joliette-Lanaudière Symphony Orchestra from 1984 to 1987.
		Beginning in 1973, Nattiez has given numerous lectures all over the world, mostly on musical semiology, Wagner and Proust, and Inuit music (on Inuit vocal games in particular).
	thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0002543 (594 words)

	19th Century French Literature
		Charles BAUDELAIRE, "Correspondances", from Les Fleurs du mal:
		Charles BAUDELAIRE, "Spleen", from Les Fleurs du mal:
		Charles BAUDELAIRE, "Spleen 'Je suis comme le roi...'", from Les Fleurs du Mal (1857):
	globegate.utm.edu /french/lit/century.19.html (1880 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: The Gramophone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Eight months earlier, Charles Cros, a Parisian writer, bohemian, inventor, and absinthe drinker had deposited a sealed envelope with the Academy of Sciences.
		The program of the poet Cros, in his capacity as inventor of the phonograph, was to store beloved voices and all-too brief musical reveries.
		A physical impairment was at the beginning of mechanical sound recording, just as the first typewriters had been made by the blind for the blind and Charles Cros had taught at a school for the deaf and mute.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/PHONO_KITTLER.html (9676 words)

	Claire Pelletier nominated for the Grand Prize of the Charles Cros Academy
		SOCAN member Claire Pelletier was recently nominated for France’s most prestigious album award, the Grand Prize of the Charles Cros Academy.
		Each year, albums released in the previous 12 months are selected for the outstanding quality of their lyrics and music as well as for their performers’ creativity and talents.
		The Charles Cros Academy was created in 1947 by a group of sound recording critics.
	www.socan.ca /jsp/en/news_events/news_archive/Pelletier.jsp (161 words)

	Who was the inventor of the phonograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cros was unsuccesfull to find the means to bring his idea into practice.
		It will not be surprising that in France there is great sympathy for the conclusion that Charles Cros is the inventor of the Phonograph.
		Cros was pictured as the inventor, getting his own special stamp.
	www.phonoland.com /vote/inventor_phonograph_18jan03.shtml (289 words)

	Charles CROS : astrology and planets, Map of the Heavens, Interactive Birth Chart
		Just click on the Dynamic Natal Chart of Charles CROS with the positions of planets, astrological houses, and the list of the aspects with orbs in degrees and minutes.
		Depending of the fact that the time of birth is known or not, 6 or 11 planets distributions and planets dominants have been computed for the natal chart of Charles CROS.
		Texts are not translated, so if you wish to read interpretations associated with theses computations, you need to go to the full astrological Portrait of Charles CROS and to use this Automatic Free Website Translator.
	www.astrotheme.fr /en/portraits/S9dRZ2bXdf9X.htm (561 words)

	Article - RODOLPHE BURGER
		I mean, you'd barely put the finishing touches to it when it won the 'Prix de l'AcadÃ©mie Charles Cros'.
		Yes, of course, the 'Prix de l'AcadÃ©mie Charles Cros' is a pretty prestigious award.
		But the thing that surprised me most of all was that L'AcadÃ©mie Charles-Cros had chosen to give the award to an album which wasn't at all in their usual style.
	www.rfimusique.com /siteen/article/article_6890.asp (1434 words)

	Chronomedia: 1865-1869
		UK parliamentary Select Committee, preparing for 1868 Electric Telegraphy Act, recommends 'that it is not desirable that the transmission of messages for the public should become a legal monopoly of the Post Office'.
		Charles Cros (1842-1888), French poet and scientist and friend of Verlaine and Manet, discovers a practical three-colour photographic system.
		Principle of subtractive colour synthesis described by Arthur-Louis Ducos du Hauron: combining images from each of which all light but that of a particular colour has been filtered out will recreate the colours of the original.
	www.terramedia.co.uk /Chronomedia/years/1865-1869.htm (382 words)

	Preserving The Sound: from wax to light in 100 years (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1877, French scientist Charles Cros, as part of a larger experiment, invented a way to make a visual record of sound waves.
		American inventor Thomas Edison knew of Cros’ work, and began his own series of experiments based on Cros’ “phonautograph.” Edison eventually decided that using a rotating cylinder, rather than a rotating disc, would give better results.
		Bell and Charles Tainter, two researchers for the Volta Laboratory in Washington, D. C., took up the idea and in 1885 developed a wax-coated cardboard cylinder, which featured improved sound quality and greater durability.
	www.spebsqsa.org /web/groups/public/documents/pages/pub_id_052069.hcsp (963 words)

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