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	Charles X of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charles X, King of France and of Navarre (October 9, 1757 – November 6, 1836) was born at the Palace of Versailles.
		Charles' major foreign ally at this time was Catherine the Great, the Empress of Russia, who preferred Charles to the Baron de Breteuil, who was the opposing leader of the royalists-in-exile.
		Charles never met any of the claimants pretending to be his long-lost nephew, Louis XVII, since he was convinced the child had died in Paris in 1795.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_X_of_France (1369 words)

	Encyclopedia: Charles IX of France
		Charles IX (June 27, 1550 – May 30, 1574) was born Charles-Maximilien, the son of King Henri II of France and Catherine de Medici.
		The Valois Dynasty succeeded the Capetian Dynasty as rulers of France from 1328-1589.
		Charles de Valois, duc dAngoulême (1573-1650), the natural son of Charles IX of France and Marie Touchet, was born on the 28th of April 1573, at the castle of Fayet in Dauphiné.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Charles-IX-of-France (1401 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Charles VII of France
		Charles VII was known as the Dauphin for the seven years after his father died in 1422.
		Charles ruled only in southern France, while northern France was ruled by the English infant King Henry VI.
		Charles was eventually crowned king of France at Reims, after Joan of Arc defeated the English at Orléans.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461523190/Charles_VII_of_France.html (62 words)

	Britannia: Monarchs of Britain
		Charles I was born in 1600, the second son of James I and Anne of Denmark.
		Charles ascended the throne at the age of 25; after a weak, sickly childhood, he became an excellent horseman and a strong-willed king.
		Charles inherited the incessant financial problems of his father: the refusal of Parliament to grant funds to a king who refused to address the grievances of the nobility.
	www.britannia.com /history/monarchs/mon47.html (635 words)

	C8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles VIII of France was born in 1470 and died in 1498.
		Charles VIII became king of France at the age of 12 in 1483.
		Charles was known to be a romantic and his head was filled with the ideas of grandeur of the Crusades against the Turks.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /C8.htm (983 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: France
		France's national heroine was thus heralded by the fancy of her contemporaries, by Christine de Pisan, and by that Venetian merchant whose letters have been preserved for us in the Morosini Chronicle, as a heroine whose aims were as wide as Christianity itself.
		Charles VII, whose struggle with England had left his authority still very precarious, was constrained, in 1438, during the Council of Basle, in order to appease the powerful prelates of the Assembly of Bourges, to promulgate the Pragmatic Sanction, thereby asserting in France those maxims of the Council of Basle which Pope Eugene had condemned.
		The allowance made by France to the auditor was discontinued in 1882, but the office has survived, and the reorganization of the tribunal of the Rota made by Pope Pius X (September and October 1908) was followed by the appointment of a French auditor.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06166a.htm (14216 words)

	Charles VII, King of France (1403-1461)
		There were many in France and nearby countries that did not see a chance for Charles VII to prevail, and for a long time many derisively referred to him as 'the king of Bourges', for the primary city where he held his court, while the English and Burgundians occupied Paris and most of northern France.
		Charles was betrothed to Marie d'Anjou, daughter of Louis II, duc d'Anjou and Yolande d'Aragón.
		The terms called for Henry V of England to marry Charles VI's daughter, Catherine, to be Regent of France until the death of Charles VI, and to be king of France afterwards.
	xenophongroup.com /montjoie/chas_vii.htm (2067 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles X, king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Among the many attempts of Charles and VillEle to reestablish elements of the ancien rEgime, as the prerevolutionary order is called, the law (1825) indemnifying the EmigrEs for lands confiscated during the Revolution and measures increasing the power of the clergy met with particular disapproval.
		Charles abdicated in favor of his grandson, the comte de Chambord, and embarked for England.
		However, the duc d'OrlEans, whom Charles had appointed lieutenant general of France, was chosen "king of the French" as Louis Philippe.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Charles10Fr.html (458 words)

	Charles VII of France - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles VII (February 22, 1403 - July 22, 1461) was king of France from 1422 to 1461, a member of the Valois Dynasty.
		Born in Paris, Charles was the eldest surviving son of Charles VI of France and Isabeau de Bavière[?].
		Following this, king Charles VII recaptured Paris from the English and eventually all of France with the exception of the northern port of Calais.
	openproxy.ath.cx /ch/Charles_VII_of_France.html (432 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Charles VIII of France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles VIII the Affable (French: Charles VIII l'Affable) (June 30, 1470 - April 7, 1498) was King of France from 1483 to 1498, a member of the Valois Dynasty.
		On December 6, 1491 Charles married Anne de Bretagne, heiress to the duchy of Brittany, in an elaborate ceremony at Château de Langeais.
		Charles proved the last of the elder branch of the House of Valois, and upon his death at Amboise the throne passed to a cousin, the duc d'Orleans, who reigned as King Louis XII of France.
	www.nowtryus.com /article:Charles_VIII_of_France (538 words)

	Charles X of France -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles X, King of France and of Navarre (October 9 1757 – November 6 1836) was born at the (A palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles) Palace of Versailles.
		He struck up a firm friendship with his sister-in-law, (Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular; her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)) Marie Antoinette, and he was part of her social set.
		Charles never met any of the claimants pretending to be his long-lost nephew, (Click link for more info and facts about Louis XVII) Louis XVII, since he was convinced the child had died in (The capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce) Paris in 1795 (see links below).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ch/charles_x_of_france.htm (1588 words)

	Chaleur Bay to Charles VIII, king of France. Alphabetic Index to Entries. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. ...
		Charles I, emperor of the West and Frankish king
		Charles II, emperor of the West and king of the West Franks
		Charles III, emperor of the West, king of the East Franks, and king of the West Franks
	www.bartleby.com /65/index48.html (148 words)

	FRANCIA
		Charles the Simple's most famous and important deed was to cede some land, which became Normandy, to the Norse chieftan Rollo in 911.
		Charles IV The Capetians are usually reckoned to begin with Hugh Capet, but his family (the house of Paris or "Robertians," after Robert the Strong) had been nudging the Carolingians for some time, and his uncle (by marriage), grandfather, and great uncle had already been Kings of France.
		Later France would take most of the 18th century to acquire Alsace and Lorraine, but most of the Imperial Kingdom of Burgundy would be acquired by the reign of Henry IV (numbers in blue are the dates of acquisition by France).
	www.friesian.com /francia.htm (14191 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles V, king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Son of King John II, Charles became the first French heir apparent to bear the title of dauphin after the addition of the region of DauphinE to the royal domain in 1349.
		Regent during his father's captivity in England (1356–60, 1364), Charles dealt successfully with the Jacquerie revolt, with the intrigues of King Charles II of Navarre, and with the popular movement headed by Etienne Marcel, who had armed Paris against the dauphin.
		Charles and his ministers, the Marmousets, strengthened the royal authority, introduced a standing army, built a powerful navy, and instituted reforms that put fiscal authority more firmly in the hands of the crown.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Charles5Fr.html (362 words)

	History of the Monarchy > The Stuarts > Charles I
		Charles I was born in Fife on 19 November 1600, the second son of James VI of Scotland (from 1603 also James I of England) and Anne of Denmark.
		Charles was reserved (he had a residual stammer), self-righteous and had a high concept of royal authority, believing in the divine right of kings.
		Charles did not see his action as surrender, but as an opportunity to regain lost ground by playing one group off against another; he saw the monarchy as the source of stability and told parliamentary commanders 'you cannot be without me: you will fall to ruin if I do not sustain you'.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page76.asp (1990 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles VII, king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Although excluded from the throne by the Treaty of Troyes, Charles took the royal title after his father's death (1422) and ruled S of the Loire, while John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford, who was regent for King Henry VI of England, controlled the north and Guienne (Aquitaine).
		In 1440, Charles suppressed the Praguerie, and in 1444 a truce was signed with England, which lasted until 1449.
		In 1438, Charles issued the pragmatic sanction of Bourges, which established the liberty of the French Roman Catholic Church from Rome.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Charles7Fr.html (454 words)

	Charles VI of France - ArtPolitic Encyclopedia of Politics : Information Portal
		Referred to as both Charles the Mad and Charles the Well Beloved, at the age of eleven, he was crowned King of France in 1380 in the cathedral at Reims.
		Charles VI's reign was marked by the continuing wars with the English culminating in 1415 when the French army was defeated at the Battle of Agincourt.
		Charles VI died on October 21, 1422 at Paris and is interred with his wife, Isabeau de Bavière in Saint Denis Basilica.
	www.artpolitic.org /infopedia/ch/Charles_VI_of_France.html (420 words)

	Charles VII , King of France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles VII is considered by many to be the one the most important French monarchs.
		Regardless, in 1422 Charles declared himself ruler however his control was limited to the area South of the river Loire (the English controlled North of the river.) In 1429, he was persuaded by Joan of Arc to send a force under to Joan to relieve the town of Orleans from siege by the English.
		The French defeated the English and Charles was crowned again at Rheims as a symbol of a new French unity.
	ehistory.osu.edu /middleages/PeopleView.cfm?PID=308 (207 words)

	Charles VI on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		(Charles the Mad or Charles the Well Beloved), 1368-1422, king of France (1380-1422), son and successor of King Charles V. During his minority he was under the tutelage of his uncles (particularly Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy), whose policies drained the royal treasury and provoked popular uprisings in France and in Flanders.
		Charles freed himself of this influence in 1388, took as his counselor his brother Louis, duc d' Orléans, and recalled his father's ministers, the Marmousets.
		The struggle was complicated by the invasion of France by King Henry V of England.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/C/Charles6F1r.asp (640 words)

	King Charles IX Valois of France (1550-1574) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		harles IX (1550-74), King of France, son of Henry II, and Catherine de Medici, succeeded to the throne at the age of ten on the death of his brother, Francis II.
		Charles was seized with remorse, and died at Vincennes.
		Charles IX (of France) (1550-74), king of France (1560-74), born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye.
	www.geocities.com /jerry_l.geo/Notes/00175.htm (183 words)

	Embassy of France in the U.S. - Charles de Gaulle
		Charles André Marie Joseph de Gaulle was born in Lille on November 22, 1890.
		In France, resistance movements were organized under the National Resistance Council, which gave its support to General de Gaulle.
		In strict observance of the "regular procedure for the constitution of a republican Government," General de Gaulle was called upon by President René Coty to form the last Government of the Fourth Republic and was invested by the National Assembly on June 1 by a large majority.
	www.info-france-usa.org /atoz/bio/bio_degaulle.asp (1497 words)

	Aznavour Charles Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Born Varenagh Aznavourian, French singer Charles Aznavour has made singing his career for over 55 years, with hundreds of albums in several languages behind him.
		Charles Aznavour came to Switzerland in 1976, and settled initially in Valais for the Mediterranean climate.
		Charles Aznavour had decided to leave France due to the administrative harassment to which he was subjected.
	switzerland.isyours.com /e/celebrities/bios/124.html (304 words)

	Bouvelles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles' father was an aristocrat and Charles was born into the wealthy Bovelles family.
		However Soyecourt, the town of his birth, was in the Ponthieu region of Picardy and during Charles' childhood the region was being fought over.
		The Bishop of Noyon was Charles de Hangest and he was very pleased with his canon de Bouvelles, granting him much free time to undertake his studies of mathematics, philosophy and theology.
	turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Bouvelles.html (702 words)

	Charles V , King of France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Charles V became the first French heir to use the title dauphin after the region of Dauphine was purchased by the French crown.
		During the war, Charles' army was lead by the very capable Bertrand du Guesclin who not only battled the English but also successfully defeated the forces of the King of Navarre.
		Charles was considered a patron of the arts and he worked on restoring and enhancing the Louvre.
	ehistory.osu.edu /middleages/PeopleView.cfm?PID=306 (127 words)

	KRLS Carolingian monograms Charles the Bald France Coins
		This is an obverse that became prevalent after the Edict of Pitres in 864 and represented an effort to reform and standardize the coinage.
		It is an immobilized coin of Charles the Bald and part of the Fecamp hoard.
		The K is somewhat indistinct and the R is lower case, with a strong S and L. The letter font on the coin is unlike those of most others in the collection, being smaller but strongly struck.
	home.eckerd.edu /~oberhot/krls.htm (2152 words)

	Biography of Charles VI the mad of France (1368-1422) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Biography of Charles VI the mad of France (1368-1422)
		Charles rushed forward with a drawn sword and killed 4 of his own men before he could be overpowered.
		Lifted from his horse, Charles lay flat and speechless on the ground, his eyes rolling wildly from side to side.
	www.xs4all.nl /~kvenjb/madmonarchs/charles6/charles6_bio.htm (48 words)

	EMI Classics \| Biographies \| CHARLES DUTOIT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In addition to his summer activities with the OSM, Charles Dutoit is Artistic Director and Principal Conductor of two of North America's most prestigious summer festivals: the Philadelphia Orchestra¹s concert series at the Mann Music Centre in Philadelphia and at the Saratoga Performing Arts Centre in Saratoga Springs, New York.
		Since 1981, Charles Dutoit and the OSM have undertaken important tours including: nine visits to the United States; five major tours of Europe in 1984, 1987, 1991, 1992 and 1994; three triumphant tours of the Far East in 1985, 1989, and 1992.
		In 1982, Charles Dutoit was named 'Musician of the Year' by the Canadian Music Council; in 1988, the same organisation awarded Maestro Dutoit the Canadian Music Council Medal in recognition of his exceptional contribution to music in Canada.
	www.emiclassics.com /artists/biogs/dutoit.html (436 words)

	Charles, kings of France -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The first Charles who ruled over the French was Charlemagne, whose name means “Charles the Great.” His reign belongs to the history of western Europe rather than to any one of the separate kingdoms, but he is usually considered to be the first in the line of French kings named Charles (see Charlemagne).
		eldest daughter of Louis XI of France and Charlotte of Savoy, who exercised, with her husband, Pierre de Bourbon, seigneur de Beaujeu, a virtual regency in France from 1483 to 1491, during the early years of the reign of King Charles VIII.
		Charlemagne's grandson Charles the Bald is considered to be Charles...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9273602 (723 words)

	Charles Of France -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The last son of King Charles VII, Charles of France was given the duchy of Berry on his father's death in 1461.
		A cousin of John Carroll, the first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States, Charles Carroll was born in Annapolis, Md., on Sept. 19, 1737.
		Biography of Charles Andre Joseph Marie de Gaulle, the French nationalist and statesman who led his country during World War II and became the president of fifth republic of France.
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /eb/article-9022588 (697 words)

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