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	Charles IX of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Charles IX (June 27, 1550 – May 30, 1574) was born Charles-Maximilien, the son of King Henri II of France and Catherine de Medici.
		Charles IX died at Vincennes, Val-de-Marne in 1574 and was succeeded by his brother, Henri III.
		Charles IX had an illegitimate son from his mistress, Marie Touchet: the Duc d'Angoulême.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_IX_of_France (256 words)

	Charles IX
		Charles IX, King of France, was the third son of Henri II and Catherine de Medici.
		Charles seems to have been a youth of good parts, lively and agreeable, but he had a weak, passionate and fantastic nature.
		By his mistress, Marie Touchet, he had one son, Charles, Duke of Angoulême. Charles IX had a sincere love of letters, himself practiced poetry, was the patron of Pierre de Ronsard and the poets of the Pléiade, and granted privileges to the first academy founded by Jean-Antoine de Baïf (afterwards the Académie du Palais).
	www.nndb.com /people/848/000093569 (376 words)

	Charles IX (of France) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A ball at the court of King Charles IX of France (attributed to Dutch painter Frans Pourbus, 1571).
		Charles IX's reign was marked by religious wars and intrigues.
		1520–1572) of the French king Charles IX as a young man. Born in 1550, Charles reigned from 1560 to 1574.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019757.html (346 words)

	Charles IX King of France
		King Charles IX of France was only a child of ten years of age when he ascended the throne of France on December 6, 1560.
		The three brothers, or three chimneys of France, all Kings, one after the other, are the three sons of Henry II and Catherine d ‘Medici of France.
		Charles IX died on May 30, 1574, at the age of 24 years, his end more than likely hastened by a considerate mother, or so historians suspect.
	www.fire-star.org /murders/charles.html (626 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Catherine De' Medici
		As Charles IX, Catherine's second son and the successor of Francis II, was scarcely ten years old, Catherine was regent and virtually sovereign.
		It was indeed a great period in Catherine's life: Charles IX who had attained his majority on the 27th of June solemnly declared to her that she should govern more than ever; the treaty with England, 11 April, 1564, assured Calais to France; and Catherine and the young king made a tour of the provinces.
		Charles IX died 30 May, 1574, and Henry, Duke of Anjou, whom Catherine had but lately made King of Poland, became King of France.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03443a.htm (1490 words)

	The Elected Monarchy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1573, Henri de Valois, younger brother to Charles IX of France, was elected king by an overwhelming majority.
		Charles then invaded Poland with the intention of deposing Augustus from the Polish throne as a punishment for his central role in the anti-Swedish alliance.
		Charles XII invaded Saxony in August 1706 and seized Leipzig; Augustus sued for peace and abdicated the throne of Poland (Treaty of Altranstadt, 1706).
	www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk /www/ElectedMonarchy.html (5443 words)

	HENRY IV. - LoveToKnow Article on HENRY IV. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(1553-1610), king of France, the son of Antoine de Bourbon, duke of Vendme, bead of the younger branch of the Bourbons, descendant of Robert of Clermont, sixth son of St Louis and of Jeanne dAlhret, queen of Navarre, was born at Pau (Basses Pyrenes) on the 14th of December 1553.
		During the third war of religion in France (1568-1570) he was taken by his mother to Gaspard de Coligny, leader of the Protestant forces since the death of Louis I., prince of Cond, at Jamnac, and distinguished himself at the battle of Arnay-le-Duc in Burgundy in 1569.
		Convinced by the experience of the wars that France needed an energetic central power, he pushed at times his royal prerogatives to excess, raising taxes in spite of the Estates, interfering in the administration of the towns, reforming their constitutions, and holding himself free to reject the advice of the notables if he consulted them.
	85.1911encyclopedia.org /H/HE/HENRY_IV_.htm (1177 words)

	Catherine de Medici - Simple English Wikipedia
		Catherine de' Medici (April 13, 1519 – January 5, 1589) was the wife of Henry II of France, and the mother of three kings of France: Francis II of France, Charles IX of France and Henry III of France.
		She was the daughter of Lorenzo II de' Medici and was born in Florence, in Italy.
		She was married to Henry II of France when she was 14 years old.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catherine_de_Medici (105 words)

	Andrea Amati's "King" Cello (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Painted and gilded with the arms, devices, and mottoes of Charles IX, King of France.
		Charles IX of France had ordered 38 instruments from Andrea Amati, including 8 "basses," and this instrument is thought to be one of them.
		In each of the four corners of the back is a fleur-de-lis, the symbol of the royal family of France.
	www.cello.org /heaven/masters/king.htm (425 words)

	France History, The French Valois Dynasty 1358-1589
		Charles VI was known both as Charles the Mad and as Charles the Well Beloved, since, beginning in his mid twenties, he experienced bouts of psychosis.
		Born in Paris, Charles was the eldest surviving son of Charles VI of France and Isabeau de Bavière.
		Charles proved the last of the elder branch of the House of Valois, and upon his death at Amboise the throne passed to a cousin, the duc d'Orleans, who reigned as King Louis XII of France.
	www.bonjourlafrance.net /france-facts/france-history/valois-dynasty.htm (6592 words)

	Charles IX (from Charles, kings of France) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Charles IX Charles IX (born 1550, ruled 1560–74) came to the throne in the midst of the Reformation and the fierce civil wars between the Roman Catholics and the Huguenots (Protestants) (see Reformation).
		The first Charles who ruled over the French was Charlemagne, whose name means “Charles the Great.” His reign belongs to the history of western Europe rather than to any one of the separate kingdoms, but he is usually considered to be the first in the line of French kings named Charles (see Charlemagne).
		Usually known as the prince of Wales, Charles is also earl of Chester, duke of Cornwall, duke of Rothesay, earl of Carrick, and baron of Renfrew, among other titles.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-198445?tocId=198445 (633 words)

	HENRI IV FRANCE - Young Henri
		Francis' reign was a short one and he died on the 5th of December 1560, to be succeeded by his brother Charles IX of France.
		A senior Protestant, Admiral Coligny won the confidence of King Charles IX, and was instrumental in persuading Jeanne, that Marguerite Valois would be a suitable wife for Henri.
		Henri III of Navarre was married to Marguerite Valois, daughter of Henri II of France and Catherine de Medici on 18th August 1572.
	www.henri-iv.com /henri.htm (487 words)

	Various 4 1561-1572 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Charles IX, King of France by Francois Clouet, 1561.
		Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex by an artist of the Anglo-Netherlandish School, c.1570-75.
		Miniature of Charles IX of France by Francois Clouet, c.1571.
	www.tudor-portraits.com /Various_4.htm (303 words)

	Portrait of King Charles IX of France by CLOUET, Francois
		Portrait of King Charles IX of France by CLOUET, Francois
		Charles became King of France at the age of ten in 1560.
		This painting by the court painter Francois Clouet represents the young king at the age of eleven.
	www.wga.hu /html/c/clouet/francois/charles7.html (39 words)

	Renaissance festival books - Festivals in Valois France
		At Fontainebleau, a water combat, a combat on horseback, and a tournament presented by Charles IX during which an enchanted castle was assailed, took place along with the fête staged by the Duc d’Orléans.
		Two weddings, that between Charles IX and Elisabeth of Austria in 1571 [0027, 0028], and that between Henri of Navarre and Marguerite de Valois in 1572, provided the occasions for further celebration and hopes of peace.
		His entries to Ferrara, Mantua, Padua and Treviso and, on regaining France [0029, 0030, 0031], to Lyons and Rouen, and especially the elaborate series of water-borne and land-based spectacles in Venice (1574) [0033], became famous across Europe.
	www.bl.uk /treasures/festivalbooks/valois.html (882 words)

	Charles IX, king of France. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		After 1570, however, Charles was temporarily under the sway of the French Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny.
		Catherine, fearing for her power, persuaded her weak son to approve the massacre of Saint Bartholomew’s Day in which Coligny and thousands of other Huguenots were murdered.
		Charles IX was succeeded by his brother Henry III.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ch/Charles9Fr.html (123 words)

	French Wars of Religion
		All of France was laid waste to and agriculture was virtually wiped out as citizens of the country underwent a living nightmare of constant destruction and massacres of entire villages.
		In 1558, Francois, dauphin of France married Mary Queen of Scots.
		She first became the regent for Charles IX of France and she sided with Francois, Duke of Guise when the wars broke out in 1562.
	faculty.ucc.edu /egh-damerow/french_wars_of_religion.htm (1490 words)

	Contract with an Alchemist
		The Duke of Anjou was Charles' brother Henri, later King Henri III.
		Charles by the grace of God king of France.
		He promises that he will show the first proof of transmutation of the said material in mortified or vivified mercury [at that time], and within four months after that he will also show a second proof of the said material, which will transmute imperfect metal into gold and silver.
	www.home.duq.edu /~parsonsj/crime/contract.htm (346 words)

	Charles IX -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Charles VI king of France who throughout his long reign (1380–1422) remained largely a figurehead, first because he was still a boy when he took the throne and later because of his periodic fits of madness.
		Charles IX (born 1550, ruled 1560–74) came to the throne in the midst of the Reformation and the fierce civil wars between the Roman Catholics and the Huguenots (Protestants) (see Reformation).
		Charlesfort, which was named for French King Charles IX, was established three years before the Spanish founded St. Augustine in Florida and more than 20 years before the English planted an ill-fated...
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9360372 (629 words)

	Charles Ix And Saint Bertolemew Massacre - History Forum
		Below there is a description of Charles IX reactions to the Saint Bertolemew Massacre.
		In the 16th century turmoil in the reign of Charles IX king of France led to the Saint Bartholomew massacre on 24 august 1572.
		"The death of Charles IX was pitiful in the extreme, for he suffered greatly.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=3447 (296 words)

	Timeline France to 1649
		Charles, under the sway of his mother Catherine de Medici, believed the Huguenot Protestants were plotting a revolution.
		France’s fourth war of religion started with the Massacre of St. Bartholomew’s Day, in which 50,000 Huguenots and their leader, Admiral Gaspard de Chastillon, Count the Coligny, were killed in and around Paris.
		Throckmorton was the central figure in the conspiracy involving France and Spain, which called for a French invasion of England and the release from prison of Mary, Queen of Scots.
	timelines.ws /countries/FRANCE00_1649.HTML (13141 words)

	The Percy Anecdotes: Anecdotes of Youth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Charles the Twelfth of Sweden, when scarce seven years old, being at dinner with the queen, his mother, was handing a bit of bread to his favourite dog, when the hungry animal snapping at it too greedily, bit his hand in a dreadful manner.
		In that of his own country, that of France, and the Latin language, he was perfect; so much so, that when only seven years old, he wrote two letters in the latter language to his godfather, Archbishop Cranmer.
		At the height of the revolutionary mania in France, there was one spectacle which, if it did not exceed all the other spectacles of that era of horror in atrocity, exceeded them all in singularity.
	www.mspong.org /percy/youth.htm (16770 words)

	Henry III of France - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Henri was born at the Royal Château of Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, fourth son of King Henri II and Catherine de Medici, grandson of François I and Claude de France, and brother of François II and Charles IX of France.
		Shortly afterwards, upon the death of his brother Charles IX, Henri fled Poland to return to France, where he was crowned King in 1575 at Reims Cathedral.
		Although he married Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont (February 13, 1575) and expected to produce an heir, the transvestite Henri III was not highly respected by citizens or nobility as he paraded about in women's clothes, accompanied by youthful male attendants referred to as his mignons (darlings).
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Henry_III_of_France (825 words)

	1574 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		May 30 - King Charles IX of France (born 1550)
		June 12 - Renée of France, daughter of Louis XII of France (born 1510)
		Gabriel Montgomery, captain of the Scottish Guard of Henry II of France (born 1530)
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1574 (490 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Louis IX
		Louis IX, called St Louis (1214-1270), King of France (1226-1270), son and successor of Louis VIII.
		Crusades : The Later Crusades : Louis IX
		Nearly 20 years elapsed between Frederick's Crusade and the next large expedition to the Middle East, which was organized and financed by King Louis...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Louis_IX.html (113 words)

	Timeline 1550-1574
		Charles V's Augsburg Interim of 1548 was a temporary doctrinal agreement between German Catholics and Protestants that was overthrown in 1552.
		1560 King Francis II of France died and was succeeded by Charles IX.
		France’s fourth war of religion started with the Massacre of St. Bartholomew’s Day, in which 50,000 Huguenots and their leader, Admiral Gaspard de Chastillon (Gaspard de Coligny), Count the Coligny, were killed in and around Paris.
	timelines.ws /1550_1574.HTML (12371 words)

	RMDS Collections
		Thevet’s Singularitez de la France Antarctique (Gordon 1558.T54) and Jean de Léry’s Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil (Gordon 1578.L47) brought the New World to French readers of the Renaissance.
		Italy (and Rome in particular) fascinated the poets and humanist philosophers of sixteenth-century France.
		The royal travels of Charles IX through France in 1564 and 1565 are recorded in the Recueil et discours du voyage du roy Charles IX.
	www.lib.virginia.edu /rmds/collections/gordon/travel (399 words)

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