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	Charles Martin Hall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He is best known for his discovery in 1886 of an inexpensive method for producing aluminum, which became the first metal to attain widespread use since the prehistoric discovery of iron.
		Hall continued his research and development for the rest of his life and was granted 22 US patents, most on aluminum production.
		Hall won the Perkin Medal, the highest award in American industrial chemistry in 1911.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Martin_Hall (482 words)

	Invent Now \| Hall of Fame \| Search \| Inventor Profile
		Charles Martin Hall discovered the electrolytic method of producing aluminum cheaply, bringing the metal into wide commercial use.
		As a young chemist experimenting in a woodshed, Charles Hall invented a method for extracting pure aluminum from its ore.
		Born in Thompson, Ohio, Hall was a student at Oberlin (Ohio) College when he became interested in producing aluminum inexpensively.
	www.invent.org /hall_of_fame/72.html (187 words)

	Hall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hall was aware of Richard Grätzel's success in obtaining magnesium metal by using an electric current in a magnesium chloride melt as reported in the Scientific American in 1885.
		Hall was as adept in overcoming the obstacles to the commercialization of his new electrolytic process as he was in discovering it.
		Hall was a generous benefactor of his college, bequeathing Oberlin more than $5,000,000.These interests were manifested in his collection of oriental rugs and porcelain, and enjoyment of music.
	www.geocities.com /bioelectrochemistry/hall.htm (3371 words)

	JCE 1997 (74) 1269 [Nov] ACS National Historic Chemical Landmark: Charles Martin Hall's Discovery of the ...
		Hall's method was to electrolyze aluminum oxide dissolved in cryolite at about 1000 °C. To do each experiment he had to remake a battery consisting of a number of Bunsen-Grove cells (concentrated nitric acid oxidizer, zinc metal reducer).
		Charles Martin Hall had learned some chemistry as a serious-minded youth in the town of Oberlin by reading an 1840's textbook found on the shelves of his minister father's study and by doing experiments at home.
		Hall did not take a formal course in chemistry until three years later - the junior year was the customary time for such study in those years - but, under Jewett's guidance and encouragement, he worked on aluminum chemistry in Jewett's laboratory and in his own laboratory at home.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /Journal/Issues/1997/Nov/abs1269.html (3825 words)

	Charles Martin Hall: Electrolysis of Aluminium - Cryolite - John Mc Clarey, Loreto Coleraine
		Charles Martin Hall pictured above was an American chemist, who discovered an inexpensive method for the isolation of pure aluminium from its compounds.
		Hall was born in Thompson, Ohio, on December 6
		23, 1886, Hall found that molten cryolite, which is the mineral sodium aluminium fluoride, was the solvent he needed for the process; using the cryolite and aluminium oxide and homemade batteries, he produced his first small globules of aluminium.
	www.ifa.ukf.net /hallcell/hall.htm (453 words)

	Charles Martin Hall
		Charles Martin Hall, "American chemist, who discovered an inexpensive method for the isolation of pure aluminum from its compounds.
		Hall was born in Thompson, Ohio, on Dec. 6, 1863.
		On Feb. 23, 1886, Hall found that molten cryolite, which is the mineral sodium aluminum fluoride, was the solvent he needed for the process; using the cryolite and aluminum oxide and homemade batteries, he produced his first small globules of aluminum.
	www.oberlin.edu /~EOG/OYTT-images/CMHall.html (369 words)

	Charles Martin Hall Biography / Biography of Charles Martin Hall History of Invention Biography
		Charles Martin Hall was born in Thompson, Ohio, in 1863 the son of a minister.
		There Hall studied chemistry and was influenced by one of his professors, F. Jewett, himself a former student of Friedrich Wohler (1800-1882) who had developed a process of purifying small quantities of aluminum in 1845.
		Hall was able to get his process into commercial production faster than Heroult and won a patent dispute with Heroult in 1893.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-charles-martin-hall-woi (437 words)

	Charles Martin Hall Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On February 23, 1886 in the woodshed behind his family's home at 64 East College Street in Oberlin, Charles Martin Hall produced globules of aluminum metal by the electrolysis of aluminum oxide dissolved in a cryolite-aluminum fluoride mixture.
		Hall was graduated from Oberlin in June 1885, eight months before the successful experiment.
		This process was a costly one owing to the difficulty of preparing water-free aluminum chloride from aluminum oxide, the natural source of aluminum, and to the necessity of making sodium metal by chemical means.(1) In the early 1880's aluminum was a semiprecious metal, but Jewett had a sample of it to show his students.
	colossus.chem.umass.edu /chandler/ch112/Hall.htm (1919 words)

	Charles Martin Hall
		Charles Martin Hall was born December 6, 1863 in Thompson, Ohio.
		In 1873 the Hall family moved to Oberlin, Ohio, where Charles Martin Hall took his preparatory work in Oberlin High School.
		On February 23, 1886 in the woodshed behind his family's home, Charles Martin Hall produced globules of aluminum metal by the electrolysis of aluminum oxide dissolved in a cryolite-aluminum fluoride mixture and repeated this experiment the next day for his sister Julia to witness.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Biographies/HallBio.htm (515 words)

	Hall-Héroult process - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Hall-Héroult process was discovered independently and almost simultaneously in 1886 by the American chemist Charles Martin Hall and the Frenchman Paul Héroult.
		In 1888, Hall opened the first large-scale aluminium production plant in Pittsburgh.
		Prebake technology is becoming preferred in the industry because of the various pollutant emissions related to the creation of the anode from liquid pitch.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hall-Heroult_process (414 words)

	OBERLIN SCIENCE CENTER \| Mentoring
		He aspired to be an inventor, and when he enrolled at Oberlin College at the age of 16, he was already intrigued by the lure of isolating aluminum.
		When Hall's experiments finally succeeded, a year after his graduation, it was Jewett to whom he brought his aluminum nuggets for confirmation that they were, indeed, aluminum.
		The relationship that formed between Jewett and Hall enabled close collaboration between and faculty mentor and a student.
	www.oberlin.edu /science/faculty/mentoring.html (308 words)

	Charles Martin Hall (1863-1914) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In his student times, in the Oberlin College, was interested in research with aluminum, a rare metal at the time and with no industrial applications.
		Hall felt that it would be possible through an electrolytic method to produce great amounts at low cost.
		Hall was vice-president of this company until his death.
	nautilus.fis.uc.pt /st2.5/scenes-e/biog/b0046.html (224 words)

	World’s largest scientific society honors the commercialization of aluminum
		By 1825, the element had been isolated, but the only way to prepare the metal was through a complex and expensive process.
		In 1886, Hall used electrochemistry to unlock the secret to producing aluminum metal from ore — launching a new industry in North America.
		In 1888 Hall, assisted by Arthur Vining Davis, began to produce aluminum in the company’s pilot plant on Smallman Street.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2001-10/acs-wls102601.php (562 words)

	Do Unto Others Project-Church of the Science of God (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CHARLES MARTIN HALL, a 22 year old graduate of Oberlin College in Ohio discovered, in 1886, a commercially successful method of extracting alumina from common ore bearing clay.
		Hall was confident that a huge market awaited this strong, light, bright, rustproof metal.
		Charles Martin Hall did not live to see many spectacular developments of the industry he founded, yet he was a wealthy man at his death.
	www.dountoothers.org /aluminumdream.html (1350 words)

	"Crown Jewels" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1886 both Charles Martin Hall of Ohio and Paul Heroult of Paris, discovered the electrolytic process for producing aluminum.
		This box contains Hall’s earliest globules of aluminum, varying in diameter from about a sixteenth of an inch to four inches.
		Hall’s patent was taken up by a group of Pittsburgh entrepreneurs, and the resulting company is today Alcoa.
	www.cmoa.org /aluminum/pages/catalog_html/19.htm (90 words)

	Charles Martin Hall -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		For two hours Charles Martin Hall watched as the contents of one of the crucibles grew hotter and hotter.
		More results on "Charles Martin Hall" when you join.
		Martin Frobisher led the first English attempt to establish a colony in the New World.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9274737 (723 words)

	Inventor of the Week: Archive
		His solution was to separate the pure aluminum from the other minerals by using electrolysis, which brings about a chemical reaction by passing an electric current through a non-metallic conductor---in this case, a molten sodium fluoride compound.
		Hall was eventually granted patent #400,655 for his process (1889).
		Indeed, Hall's invention was and continues to be one of the most significant contributions to American industry at every level.
	web.mit.edu /invent/iow/hall.html (262 words)

	Charles Martin Hall -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		While a student at Oberlin (Ohio) College Hall became interested in producing aluminum inexpensively.
		(Alcoa), a leading U.S. producer of aluminum; founded 1888 as Pittsburgh Reduction Company; one founder, Charles Martin Hall, was first to develop electrolysis, cheap aluminum smelting process; 1907 company reincorporated under present name; owned mines, factories, and research laboratory; has foreign operations around the world, including ownership of Alcoa of Australia...
		Independently of the work of Charles Martin Hall of the United States, Héroult devised the electrolytic process for preparing aluminum.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9038909 (743 words)

	The Charles Martin Hall Collection
		He invented the electrolytic process for the manufacture of aluminum and was president of the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa).
		Arrangement and description of the Charles Martin Hall Collection
		A calendar of the 70 or so items is included with the papers; the collection is arranged chronologically in nine folders.
	library.case.edu /ksl/speccoll/hall (72 words)

	hall / Hall (HyperDic hyper-dictionary)
		hall, anteroom, antechamber, entrance hall, foyer, lobby, vestibule
		"the elevators were at the end of the hall"
		beer hall; concert hall; exhibition hall, exhibition area; floor; great hall
	www.hyperdic.net /dic/hall.htm (328 words)

	Charles Martin Hall
		Hall and Héroult, Charles Martin Hall (1863-1914) and Paul Louis Toussaint Héroult(1863-1914)
		Charles High adds eight alumni to its hall of fame.(News)
		NSW: Charles Perkins funeral at Town Hall = 2
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0767148.html (132 words)

	Find in a Library: Made of aluminum; a life of Charles Martin Hall.
		Find in a Library: Made of aluminum; a life of Charles Martin Hall.
		Made of aluminum; a life of Charles Martin Hall.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/fd5e65445c6f19fb.html (66 words)

	Charles Martin Hall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Eight months after graduating from Oberlin College, Hall developed a method for producing aluminum inexpensively.
		With a number of backers he formed the Pittsburgh Reduction Company.
		By 1914, the technique he invented reduced the aluminum production cost per pound to eighteen cents.
	ohiobio.org /chall.htm (53 words)

	Metals
		(Alcoa - first commercial aluminum produced on Thanksgiving Day, 1888), Charles Carl Carr (1952).
		The Immortal Woodshed; The Story of the Inventor Who Brought Aluminum to America.
		Hall, Charles Martin, 1863-1914; Aluminum industry and trade -- United States.
	www.kipnotes.com /Metals.htm (358 words)

	Charles Martin Smith (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Spikes Gang (1974) (as Charlie Martin Smith)....
		Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid (1973) (as Charlie Martin Smith)....
		Find where Charles Martin Smith is credited alongside another name
	www.imdb.com /name/nm0001747 (430 words)

	Hall, Charles A, CPA - Read Martin & Slickman - Finance & Professional - Rome, GA, 30165-1621 - Citysearch
		Hall, Charles A, CPA - Read Martin & Slickman - Finance & Professional - Rome, GA, 30165-1621 - Citysearch
		Sign In · Help · Feb 16 2006
		Hall, Charles A, CPA - Read Martin & Slickman
	www.citysearch.com /profile/2961436 (129 words)

	Ohio's Inventors Learning Links
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		Please send comments to: The OPLIN Managing Editor
	www.oplin.lib.oh.us /famousohioans/inventors/links.html (76 words)

	Inventors Hall of Fame
		With just one subscription, you will have access to the math, spelling, vocabulary, and critical thinking worksheets!
		The Inventors Hall of Fame honors people who _____.
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	www.edhelper.com /ReadingComprehension_32_13.html (245 words)

	Alcoa Inc. - Company Patent Mapping Report - Research and Markets - Market Research Reports
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		Alcoa Inc. Alcoa was founded in Pittsburgh in 1888 by Charles Martin Hall, inventor of the original aluminum smelting process.
		Alcoa is still the worlds leading integrated aluminum company, now active in all major segments of the industry: mining, refining, smelting, fabricating, and recycling.
	www.researchandmarkets.com /reportinfo.asp?report_id=225388 (666 words)

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