
	Where results make sense

Topic: Charles Spearman

Related Topics

Factor analysis

G theory

Raymond Cattell

Psychology

Fixation

Big five personality traits

Trait theory

Collective unconscious

Carl Jung

Personality

Gordon Allport

List of psychologists

Stephen Jay Gould

Psychoanalysis

Neurosis

In the News (Fri 5 Sep 08)

Gordon Brown

Derby County

Mike Huckabee

Lute Olson

Pearl Harbor

Sonia Gandhi

Ricky Hatton

Narendra Modi

Jesus Christ

Rudy Giuliani

	Human Intelligence: Charles Spearman
		Spearman completed his Ph.D. under Wilhelm Wundt, but was also influenced during his studies by the works of Francis Galton and his case for the importance of intelligence testing.
		Further, if the amount of unreliability is precisely known, it is possible to "correct" the attenuated observed correlation according to the formula (where r stands for the correlation coefficient): r (true) = r (observed) \ /reliability of variable 1 X reliability of variable 2.
		Using his correction formula, Spearman found "perfect" relationships and inferred that "General Intelligence" or "g" was in fact something real, and not merely an arbitrary mathematical abstraction.
	www.indiana.edu /~intell/spearman.shtml (323 words)

	Intelligence - MSN Encarta
		In the early 1900s British psychologist Charles Spearman made an important observation that has influenced many later theories of intelligence: He noted that all tests of mental ability were positively correlated.
		Spearman found that individuals who scored high on any one of the mental tests he gave tended to score high on all others.
		Spearman reasoned that if all mental tests were positively correlated, there must be a common variable or factor producing the positive correlations.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761570026_4/Intelligence.html (1559 words)

	Charles Edward Spearman (1863-1945) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Spearman's name is almost synonymous with the term 'general intelligence' (otherwise known as psychometric 'g').
		Spearman speculated that all intellective functioning was underpinned by an overall mental ability accompanied by specific abilities for differing mental tasks.
		Perhaps Spearman's dogmatic determination in promoting and maintaining his position lay in his 15 years of military service (as a British army officer) in India.
	www.psych.usyd.edu.au /difference5/scholars/spearman.html (261 words)

	Spearman, Charles Edward (1863-1945) Encyclopedia of Psychology - Find Articles
		Charles Edward Spearman was an influential psychologist who developed commonly used statistical measures and the statistical method known as factor analysis.
		Spearman was born in London in 1863, the second son of Alexander Young and Louisa Ann Caroline Amelia (Mainwaring) Spearman.
		Spearman was the leader of what became the "London school" of psychology that stressed statistical methods and systematic testing of human abilities.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0006/ai_2699000627 (746 words)

	Charles Spearman: British Behavioral Scientist by Richard H. Williams, Donald W. Zimmerman, Bruno D. Zumbo and Donald ...
		Charles Spearman occupied chaired professorships at University College London from 1907 to 1931, initially assuming a position in Experimental Psychology and then moving to the area of Philosophy of Mind and Logic.
		The purpose of this paper is to describe Spearman’s contributions to factor analysis, theories of intelligence, and mental test theory, and to provide evidence that he was an innovative force and pioneer in all three areas.
		Spearman derived an equation which displays the effects of altering the length of both the test and the criterion on validity.
	human-nature.com /nibbs/03/spearman.html (2284 words)

	Charles Spearman
		Charles Edward Spearman was born in London and lived a full 82 years until his death in 1945.
		However, Spearman soon learned that he was not impressed by what philosophy had to offer him or by his own works in the faculty, it was for that reason that he had decided to join the army.
		Spearman felt that there needed to be a clear relationship between theory and practice in order to get into the heart of 'mental test'.
	www.cps.nova.edu /~cpphelp/pantheon/spearman.htm (1181 words)

	G Spot: The Relationships Theory of IQ
		Charles Spearman, an English psychologist (1863-1945), developed his 'g' theory of intelligence -- also known as a two-factor theory of intelligence -- by focusing on relationships.
		Spearman studied the intelligence of 24 children in a village school.
		Spearman believed that 'g' was the aptitude to view relationships between things and to manipulate those relationships to solve problems.
	www.learn-your-iq.com /g-spot.html (425 words)

	MBS :: Final Project :: Constructing Intelligence
		Charles Spearman was an engineer by training, and after college, he enlisted in the British Army.s Royal Corps of Engineers.
		Spearman believed that philosophy should adopt methods of the natural sciences, and he chose psychology as the field in which he would make the two intersect (Jensen 21).
		Spearman attempted to remove these strong societal influences so that he was left with a trend that could only be explained by nature.
	www.rpi.edu /dept/sts/restivo/socialrobots/geniusandsociety/steve.htm (2683 words)

	The Abilities of Man: Their Nature and Measurement
		The British psychologist, Charles Edward Spearman, was born in 1863 and died in 1945.
		Spearman was also strongly influenced by the work of Francis Galton, who had made a strong case for the importance of intelligence testing.
		Charles Spearman occupied chaired professorships at University College London from 1907 to 1931.
	www.blackburnpress.com /abofmathnaan.html (175 words)

	Charles Spearman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Spearman, Charles E. g, is present in theorized that a general factor of intelligence, in different varying degrees British psychologist who human...
		Spearman's rank correlation and often denoted rank correlation coefficient, named statistics, Spearman's for Charles Spearman coefficient.
		1996-63, Charles Spearman, vs. Ben Hill County by the Ben Hill is an appeal by Charles Spearman (Appellant) County...
	charlesaosw.apcekome.info (585 words)

	neuro
		However, in the early 20th century, the idea of 'General Intelligence' was devised by psychologist Charles Spearman.
		In his studies, Spearman found that the people who tended to score high on a variety of mental tests seemed to use the same part of their brains, labeled (you guessed it) 'g'.
		Spearman's study seems a bit silly upon first read, considering the multiple kinds of intelligence we are used to hearing about.
	pharyngula.org /index/neuro/what_is_intelligence (222 words)

	Is the Bell Curve Statistically Sound? (James Case, 01/95) Reprinted from SIAM News Volume
		The claim is made, in particular, that intelligence is an effectively scalar quantity, measurable by standard IQ tests administered (sometimes in as little as 12 minutes) by trained examiners, and that scores so obtained during the high school or even junior high school years are unexcelled predictors of adult employment status and earning power.
		This convinced Spearman that differences between one intelligence and another are differences of degree, but not of kind, and motivated him to develop a scalar measure (and call it "g", for general intelligence) to quantify such differences.
		Spearman's method applies equally well to measurements of intelligence and boxer size and reveals no more about the one than about the other.
	www.skepticfiles.org /belliq/bell05.htm (1857 words)

	Lecture 17: Current Views of Intelligence
		Charles Spearman was an English psychologist of a hereditarian persuasion.
		Spearman conceived of this 'g' as a measure of mental energy or cerebral power, akin to the speed of the nervous system factor Galton tried to measure.
		Note that the neurospeculation that Spearman indulges in here is linked to a strongly hereditarian view of the nature of intelligence; Spearman considered the g considered essential to powering all of the specific mental engines to be an innate, inherited factor.
	pages.slc.edu /~ebj/IM_97/Lecture18/L18.html (1414 words)

	FA100
		In 1904 Charles Spearman published his seminal paper, "General Intelligence, Objectively Determined and Measured," in the American Journal of Psychology [PDF version] [HTML version].
		In the century since it was introduced, factor analysis has become as integral to the development of psychological science as any method or procedure used in the study of human behavior.
		To mark the centennial of the publication of Spearman's paper, a conference on the history, current issues, and future directions in factor analysis theory, methods, and applications was held at the University of North Carolina May 13-15, 2004.
	www.fa100.info (165 words)

	Resurrecting Racism: The attack on black people using phony science
		Thus, when Charles Spearman made a case for Galton’s theory in 1904, he was doing it against the background of a decisive refutation that had just been produced.
		In the first, choking with equations, Spearman studies the methods capable of establishing whether a correlation between two facts is due to a coincidence or to a law.
		The author [Spearman] believes that all of the contradictions result from four mistakes that experimenters have been making: a precise quantitative expression of the phenomena is hardly ever obtained, the probability of error has not been ascertained, there has not been sufficient attention to age-related errors and, well, people have made errors of observation.
	www.hirhome.com /rr/rrchap7.htm (9275 words)

	Free Essay Charlemagne / Charles the Great Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Charles Spearman holds a unique place in the history of psychology; indeed, it is because of his scientific contributions that humanity...
		This 5 page paper gives a brief biography of Charles Dickens; discusses "Great Expectations," its characters and plot; what the reaction was to the work; a...
		Charlemagne is also known as “Charles the Great.” He was the most famous ruler in the Middle Ages.
	www.echeat.com /essay.php?t=26895 (1177 words)

	Essence of g: scientists search for the biology of smarts - general factor used to determine intelligence level Science ...
		Spearman declared in 1904 that he had found the way to measure an individual's core intelligence.
		Scores on these correlated items yielded a single factor, which Spearman called the general or g factor, that he deemed to be a marker of a person's facility for reasoning about any and all mental tasks.
		Although Spearman had difficulty defining precisely what g measured or how it worked, he regarded it as more than a cold statistic.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_6_163/ai_97997817 (927 words)

	Key players in the history & development of intelligence & testing
		Galton is considered to be the father of the study of individual differences [and, incidentally was the half-cousin of Charles Darwin].
		Charles Spearman (1927) analysed the relations among experimental intelligence tests using 'factor analysis'.
		But the main thrust of Spearman's analysis was this idea of a general intellectual capacity.
	www.wilderdom.com /personality/L1-5KeyPlayers.html (2097 words)

	PINC: vol 2, no 2, December 1998 - The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability, by Arthur Jensen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Spearman noticed that almost all reliable tests of mental ability tend to correlate with each other, no matter how unrelated the tasks involved are.
		The theory of general ability that Spearman set on a scientific footing for the first time was unpopular in his day, and has remained so to the present.
		Spearman had originally noted that racial differences were "most marked in just those [tests] which are known to be most saturated with g" (Spearman, 1927, p.
	www.cycad.com /cgi-bin/pinc/dec98/books/r_jensen.html (3275 words)

	Psychology Web Page
		British psychologist, Charles Spearman was one of the first important theorists to tackle the study of human intelligence, introducing an early method of factor analysis.
		However, Spearman also states that this analogy would be an accurate measure of one's general intelligence if the subject had knowledge of the specific abilities, in this case if he knew what kittens and puppies were.
		John Raven worked closely with Spearman in developing this test, which is considered one of the best measures of Spearman's general intelligence.
	academics.tjhsst.edu /psych/oldPsych/intelligence/cog.html (309 words)

	Charles Spearman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The work that led to the formula for "Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation" (SCORC) has spurned many other statisticians to work in his field.
		The most famous of these are "Da 3 M'z" who are a trio of statisticans who dedicate thier lives into investigating the life and work of Charles Spearman.
		Spearman is still highly appreciated and respected in the field of statisticians today, even after his death.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Spearman (572 words)

	OpinionJournal - Extra
		Two items in the Wechsler and Stanford-Binet IQ tests are known as "forward digit span" and "backward digit span." In the forward version, the subject repeats a random sequence of one-digit numbers given by the examiner, starting with two digits and adding another with each iteration.
		So Spearman's basic conjecture was correct--the size of the fl-white difference and g-loadings are correlated--and g represents a biologically grounded and highly heritable cognitive resource.
		When those two observations are put together, a number of characteristics of the fl-white difference become predictable, correspond with phenomena we have observed in data, and give us reason to think that not much will change in the years to come.
	www.opinionjournal.com /extra/?id=110007391 (7302 words)

	Charles Spearman
		His title changed to Professor of Psychology in 1928 when a separate Department of Psycholgy was created.
		Lovie, P and Lovie A. (1996) Charles Edward Spearman F.R.S. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 50, 1-14.
		Charles Spearman on the Portraits of Statisticians page.
	www.york.ac.uk /depts/maths/histstat/spearman_biog.htm (512 words)

	neuro::"What is Intelligence?"
		I have read quite a bit on this topic, and as far as I know Spearman never claimed his g factor was a localized “part of the brain”.
		The “controversy” around Spearman’s theory is mostly political, not scientific.
		While there are plenty of scientists who are skeptical of g theory, most of them do not work in the field of applied intelligence theory.
	pharyngula.org /index/neuro/comments/what_is_intelligence (666 words)

	Charles Spearman
		She was beautiful, this time was thirty-two years old and poorly furnished; and this fixed in advance of charles spearman members collectively and frequently individually, object to that.
		She was in a private threat of charles spearman, and inaccurate, accompanied his desk in his life.
		It saved the city?, a charles spearman blow to me, in a gambling game than any one else being present at the water rippled and sparkled, and trimmed with gray-and-white striped ribbon.
	www.qlfg.com /12/charles-spearman.html (479 words)

	Charles Spearman \| English Psychologist \| Pioneer of Factor Analysis \| Known for Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Spearman's Hypothesis and Test Score Differences between Whites, Indians, and Blacks in South Africa, in Journal of General Psychology » Read Now
		Spearman noted that the average difference (in standardized...or content of the tests.I...
		The Intelligence Men: Makers of the IQ Controversy ("Charles Spearman and General Intelligence" begins on p.
	www.questia.com /library/psychology/psychologists/charles-spearman.jsp (528 words)

	[No title]
		Back in 1904-the same year Binet was assigned to his task in Paris-British psychologist Charles Spearman applied to a problem of psychology a new statistical technique called factor analysis, a method invented by Karl Pearson in 1901 to reduce a series of relationships between two or more variables to one, quantifiable score, or correlation coefficient.
		When Spearman applied factor analysis to mental testing he discovered something curious: that people who did well on one kind of mental test (a verbal skills test, say, or a memory test), tended to do well on other kinds, and those who did poorly on one tended to do poorly on other kinds.
		The proving ground for this theory was racial differences in I.Q., an idea revisited by Charles Murray and Richard J. Hernstein twenty-five years later in their book, The Bell Curve (1994).
	www.brainconnection.com /topics/?main=fa/measure-mind4 (643 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)