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Topic: Charlottetown referendum

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Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island

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Charlottetown referendum

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	Charlottetown Accord - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Charlottetown Accord was a package of constitutional amendments, proposed by the Canadian federal and provincial governments in 1992.
		The impetus for a federal referendum came from the many complaints about the Meech Lake process, and how many claimed it was a backdoor negotiation for the future of the country.
		With the Charlottetown Accord defeated, the Quebec National Assembly is the only provincial legislature which has not approved the Constitution Act, 1982, although since Patriation approval could only have a political and not legal effect.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charlottetown_Accord (2129 words)

	Referendum - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A further perceived flaw of the referendum is that in some circumstances the democratic spirit of the referendum may be flouted by the repeated submission to the referendum of a proposal until it is eventually endorsed, perhaps due to a low turn-out or public fatigue with the issue.
		The 1980 Quebec referendum and 1995 Quebec referendum on the secession of Québec are notable cases.
		Referendums are rare and only once has a referendum proposal been put to the entire electorate of the UK; this was a referendum in 1975 on membership of the European Economic Community.
	www.voyager.in /Referendum (3345 words)

	1980 Quebec referendum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 1980 Quebec referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the role of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty.
		The province-wide referendum took place on Tuesday May 20, 1980, and the proposal to pursue secession was decisively defeated by a 59.56 per cent to 40.44 per cent margin.
		Despite the referendum loss, the PQ government was re-elected in the 1981 provincial election.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1980_Quebec_referendum (709 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Charlottetown (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Charlottetown was laid out by the British in 1768 and named for Queen Charlotte, consort of George III.
		Its growth was slow until the middle of the 19th cent., when it became noted for the sailing vessels it built for fishing and lumber transport.
		An inverted logroll: the Charlottetown Accord and the referendum.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/C/Charlottwn.asp (280 words)

	Referendum - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Referendum, practice of submitting an issue to the popular vote.
		A vote on the agreement was scheduled for October in order to meet Bourassa’s deadline.
		This report on the Gibraltar referendum appeared in The Times on September 11, 1967.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Referendum.html (125 words)

	Canada - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Canada
		The issue of separatism came to the fore again in the mid-1970s, and the Québec prime minister René Lévesque stated, after the success of his Parti Québécois in the November 1976 election, that a referendum would be held to ascertain whether the people of Québec wished their province to become an independent nation.
		The plan, known as the Charlottetown Accord, was passed in August 1992, giving greater autonomy to Québec, increased powers to all provinces, and a reformed Senate.
		A subsequent national referendum in November 1992 rejected the plan, although its reforms were supported by all major Canadian parties except the Reform Party and the Bloc Québécois (for opposed reasons).
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Canada (4111 words)

	Dialogue Canada - Practical Guide to 1995 Referendum
		It is often suggested that the referendum was "won" mainly by the federalist forces from Ottawa and by Pierre Trudeau's speeches and his promises of constitutional reform.
		Because the referendum battle is over a hypothetical situation (whether or not Quebec should be independent) and because the facts are so complex that they are open to debate (the costs and benefits of sovereignty) and because nationalist emotions are involved, most of the strategies are aimed toward influencing popular images.
		Among the influences on the referendum other than those of the two major adversaries, the most important are the impact: of the international community, of the rest of Canada, of the rest of Quebec including the native peoples, and of a last catch all category we can call `the unexpected'.
	www.uni.ca /dialoguecanada/trent_guide.html (14843 words)

	Canadian Journal Of Behavioural Science Volume 27, no2 April 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Charlottetown Accord was an historic constitutional agreement reached by Canada's Prime Minister and its 10 provincial premiers in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island in August, 1992.
		This suggests that, in the context of the referendum, people who single-mindedly focussed only on their own position would be more likely to make higher consensus estimates than people who considered both their own side of the issue and the opposing side in their pre-vote deliberations.
		The study was conducted in the week prior to the national referendum on the Charlottetown Accord (October 26, 1992) and involved 129 McGill College students drawn from nine separate Introductory Psychology conferences.
	www.cpa.ca /cjbsnew/1995/july/koestner.html (3854 words)

	Awaiting a third referendum
		Since the 1995 referendum, a number of things have changed both inside and outside Quebec.
		It's a debate that must occur, because whether we like it or not, it is set to return to the front pages (and if recent rumblings from the West are any guide, not just in Quebec).
		If Jean Charest's government is defeated and a referendum is held soon after, this may be the separatists' best -- and given Quebec's demographic trends, last -- hope for winning conditions.
	www.daifallah.com /thirdreferendum.htm (627 words)

	[No title]
		This referendum, the first of its kind in Canada, concluded the fifth round in a series of events and crises that Peter Russell (1993) calls Canada’s "mega constitutional politics" and which started thirty years earlier with Quebec’s "Quiet Revolution" and the emergence of Quebec separatism.
		The 1992 Charlottetown Referendum may signal that a "dualist" constitutional regime (Ackermam 1991) is emerging in Canada.
		In this kind of regime constitutional change occurs through both the quotidian lawmaking of political elites and through moments of "higher lawmaking" by the public in the selection of alternatives or the ratification of decisions that formally were left in the hands of the political elite to settle.
	www.bsos.umd.edu /gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/johnston.htm (1298 words)

	Pierre Trudeau - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first was the defeat of the referendum on Québec sovereignty, called by the Parti Québécois government of René Lévesque.
		Trudeau wrote and spoke out against both the Meech Lake Accord and Charlottetown Accord proposals to amend the Canadian constitution, arguing that they would weaken federalism and the Charter of Rights if implemented.
		While Pierre Trudeau had no viable political opposition in Quebec at the federal level in his time (for instance, his Liberal party captured 74 out of 75 Quebec seats in the 1980 federal election), Québécois hedged their bets by twice electing the pro-sovereignty Parti Québécois provincially.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pierre_Trudeau (4361 words)

	cric.ca - Canada's Portal - Quick Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		There have not been many referenda held in Canada, but each one has been significant because the people as a whole made a decision on a question that was important to them.
		The Estonian Constitution was adopted after a national referendum held on June 28, 1992.
		REFERENDUMS IN Referendum on aboriginal treaties in British Columbia
	www.cric.ca /en_html/guide/referendum/referendum.html (361 words)

	WebQuest: The Quebec Referendum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		As a member of either the Prime Minister's Office staff or the federal cabinet, it is your responsibility to examine the feasibility of a "Yes" vote and its impact on the rest of Canada.
		You will be expected to examine the results of the 1980 and the 1995 Quebec referendums and the strategy used by the Parti Quebecois and the federal government during these political events that were used to sway public opinion.
		During the tense days leading up to the referendum on sovereignty, two dozen filmmakers from the NFB's French and English documentary studios took their cameras into the streets and homes of Quebecers.
	educ.queensu.ca /~citc/august99/quebec_referendum_webquest.htm (1732 words)

	The Charlottetown Accord
		This resulted into the Charlottetown Accord, which was signed on August 28, 1992.
		Later that evening, the results of the national referendum was 54% No. Yet another attempt that failed.
		Constitutional reform now seemed a distant goal, with the failure of the both the Meech Lake and Charlottetown accords.
	members.tripod.com /pc9899/cc/charlottetown.html (391 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Charlottetown (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Charlottetown Browse a huge selection now Find exactly what you want today
		Prince Edward Island, University of PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, UNIVERSITY OF [Prince Edward Island, University of] at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada; provincially supported; coeducational; founded 1969 with the merger of Prince of Wales College (est.
		Charlottetown, P.E.I. While a member of the provincial legislature (1872-79), he also served (1876-79) as prime minister of Prince Edward Island.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Charlottetown (549 words)

	research team members
		Now that it is clear that a victorious referendum will trigger negotiations, a certain number of "soft nationalists" in Quebec will be less hesitant to vote "Yes" in the future.
		In the text of the reference, the court stresses many times that the obligation of the rest of Canada to negotiate will be triggered only by "a clear majority vote in Quebec on a clear question in favour of secession." However, the court leaves it to the political actors to determine what these notions mean.
		The question in a future referendum should be agreed to by all political parties present in the Quebec Legislative Assembly.
	yorku.ca /robarts/projects/canada-watch/html/vol_7_1-2/woehrling.html (1118 words)

	A bad rule bites the dust
		Remember, this is a law passed by the Parti Québécois government in 1978, applied by that same government for its referendum in 1980, a law kept by the Quebec Liberal Party after it came to power in 1985 and applied in its Charlottetown Referendum in 1992.
		There seemed to be a consensus in the Quebec news media by both word and silence that the restrictive Referendum Act was something for Quebecers to be proud of and for others to emulate.
		Before the Charlottetown Referendum, Le Devoir denounced in violent terms the "fraud" that was to be perpetuated in the rest of Canada because the referendum would not be held under the same restrictive rules that applied in Quebec and nowhere else in the world.
	www.efc.ca /pages/media/gazette.10oct97b.html (627 words)

	Allan Gregg » Quebec’s Final Victory
		In the end, Charlottetown marked both the defeat of asymmetrical federalism and the notion that Canada was a pact between English and French.
		The near-tie result of the 1995 Referendum on sovereignty proved that Quebec separatism was alive, and ignited a flurry of debate inside the federal Liberal caucus concerning the next move on the constitutional chessboard.
		Post-Meech and Charlottetown, the nine premiers also realized (after much agonizing) that their previous insistence on equal treatment for all provinces was a non-starter for Quebec, and that they must satisfy its demand for even greater autonomy.
	allangregg.com /?p=17 (4743 words)

	On Balance - Vol 5, Num 9
		According to the Chief Electoral Officer, turnout for the referendum was 72 percent, excluding Quebec.
		Arguments rejecting the Charlottetown Accord were as varied as those supporting the Agreement, as figure C shows.
		The difference in volume of attention to the details of the Charlottetown Accord between the networks is explained by the fact that CBC's "Journal" devoted several nights to describing and explaining each clause.
	oldfraser.lexi.net /publications/onbalance/1992/5-9 (3030 words)

	Rafe Mair Online \| www.rafeonline.com \| Vancouver Courier Editorials
		Actually Gordon and I are good pals and have fought many battles side by side, including the Charlottetown Referendum.
		The public, after Charlottetown, disenchanted with government diktats have noted that Ireland has just had a referendum on its version of the Land Claim issue.
		Charlottetown taught Mr Clark that the public will emphatically reject a settlement forced upon it by an NDP dominated Legislature.
	www.rafeonline.com /archive/courier/19980603.shtml (826 words)

	cric.ca - Canada's Portal - Quick Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The First Ministers agreed to hold two referendums on 26 October 1992: one in Quebec, under Quebec legislation, to comply with the
		The Canadian Constitutional Debate: From the Death of the Meech Lake Accord to the 1992 Referendum.
		Here are referendum results for all provinces but Quebec (Quebec had its own referendum and it is not in the Chief Electoral Officer's Official Report).
	www.cric.ca /en_html/guide/referendum/referendum_charlottetown.html (237 words)

	Quebec Referendum on the Web - 1995 - Archival Information
		Live Referendum Night Broadcast from CFRA in Ottawa to a cross-country network of 17 private radio stations (in English) via the Streamworks continuous audio site (begining at 7 pm Eastern)
		National WWW Referendum Night Forum Moderated comments on tonight's results will be posted on this site - and on the wall of a bar in Quebec City.
		Referendum results, comments, emails and bar photos will be updated every 15 minutes.
	www.synapse.net /radio/refer.htm (661 words)

	Participatory Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Finally, there was the Charlottetown accord and the referendum.
		This was the first referendum on a constitutional change ever held in Canada, and the government had no hesitation in spending millions of taxpayer dollars to advertise for a `Yes' vote.
		would call a referendum that could not possibly be won,'' and the elite proved this arrogance to the citizenry with Charlottetown.
	www.geocities.com /hfien/participate.html (2089 words)

	Lawrence LeDuc: Pol 199Y Syllabus
		Referendums are becoming more frequently employed as instruments of direct democracy even in many countries where they are not part of the established political tradition.
		In Canada, the referendums held in Quebec on sovereignty (1980, 1995) and nationally on the Charlottetown constitutional proposals (1992) were major political events.
		This seminar developed out of a research project entitled the Comparative Referendums Project, in which we have been examining the characteristics of referendums and similar devices in thirty-six democracies.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~leduc/POL199Y.html (2596 words)

	FAQs
		In 1991, 83% of BC citizens voted for citizen-initiated referenda, in a referendum that was part of the BC election.
		The cost of a separate referendum is about $.70 per voter, but with the advent of electronic and telephone voting, this cost will decrease.
		This was one of the problems with the Charlottetown referendum, which should have been broken down into a series of simple questions.
	www.npsnet.com /cdd/FAQs.htm (1019 words)

	PUTTING THE ELITES IN THEIR PLACE
		The result reminded me of Canada's Charlottetown referendum in the fall of 1992, carried by the naysayers at 54%.
		On the "yes" side of Charlottetown were the major institutions of the country: The federal government, the mainstream political parties, prime minister Brian Mulroney, the provincial premiers, most of the press, and Canada's entire cultural and business elite.
		It was also shades of Australia in the fall of 1999, when about 55% of the voters rejected a proposed constitutional change that would have turned Australia from a monarchy into a republic.
	www.benadorassociates.com /pf.php?id=579 (796 words)

	Can we have a referendum on same-sex ‘marriage’? Should We?
		The most recent was the Charlottetown Accord referendum in 1992, which was defeated.
		What Parliament and/or a referendum can do is decide whether we, as a people, choose to be obedient to revealed truth; but that decision should not be attempted until there’s been extensive public discussion to make clear to voters the probable consequences of willful national disobedience.
		And that’s where the churches and the media have a clear duty in the public square — one which the churches have just begun to take up, and which the media have assiduously avoided.
	www.chp.ca /arc-CHP-Communique/communique_12_01.htm (516 words)

	NFB Mediasphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A series of discussions and conferences had taken place on the subject of Quebec's inclusion in the Constitution after the defeat of Meech Lake, and the English-speaking provinces were ready to make new proposals to Quebec.
		Furthermore, Bourassa had promised Quebecers that if no agreement could be reached, he would hold a referendum on Quebec sovereignty by October 1992.
		While the premiers assumed that the constitution-weary public would support the Accord as a means of ending the constitutional debate, that didn't happen.
	mediasphere.onf.ca /E/history/content/charlottetown_accord.epl (345 words)

	CHP (Christian Heritage Party of Canada) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Many Bible-believing Christians oppose a referendum, because they cannot accept that 50%+1 can make what is evil become 'good'.
		What Parliament and/or a referendum can do is decide whether we, as a people, choose to be obedient to revealed truth; but that decision should not be attempted until there's been extensive public discussion to make clear to voters the probable consequ ences of willful national disobedience.
		And that's where the churches and the media have a clear duty in the public square - one which the churches have just begun to take up, and which the media have assiduously avoided.
	www3.telus.net /public/clabots/Comm2005/Com12-01.htm (512 words)

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