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Topic: Chattanooga Black Lookouts

	Negro league baseball - Wikipedia
		The first fl professional baseball team was formed in 1885 when former waiters and porters from the Argyle Hotel in Babylon, New York were spotted by a white businessman from Trenton, New Jersey, Walter Cook.
		In 1890, the Giants returned to their independent, barnstorming identity, and by 1892, they were the only fl team in the East still in operation on a full-time basis.
		Many fl players were signed to minor league contracts only to move from one bush league team to another rarely getting the chance to play in the majors despite their success in the minors.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Negro_League (4804 words)

	Atlanta Black Crackers - Wikipedia
		The Atlanta Black Crackers was a professional baseball team which played in the Negro League.
		The Black Crackers won the Negro American League second half pennant, but scheduling problems and umpire controversies caused the series to be cancelled.
		Following Jackie Robinson's breaking of Major League Baseball's infamous color barrier in 1947, the Negro League as well as the Black Crackers continued to exist for only a short time thereafter, finally disbanding in 1952.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Atlanta_Black_Crackers (143 words)

	Satchel Paige - Wikipedia
		A former friend from the Mobile slums, Alex Herman, was the player/manager for the Chattanooga Black Lookouts of the Negro Southern League.
		Paige, being from the south, found that he was an outsider on the Black Sox and his teammates considered him a hick.
		Frank Warfield, the player/manager of the Black Sox, made sure that Paige knew he was the number two pitcher behind Lamon Yokelev, and that didn’t sit well with Paige.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Satchel_Paige (6957 words)

	History of African-Americans in Baseball
		Teams were comprised of both white and fl players and the fl players were often treated unkindly by the white players.
		The injustice of fls being able to fight for their country in World War II but not play professional baseball became obvious.
		Even though fls had entered Major League Baseball, they still had not made it to the "big time." Players were still jeered at by crowds, thrown at by opposing pitchers, spiked on the base paths, forced into separate living and eating accommodations from their white teammates, and essentially treated like second-class citizens.
	www.thebaseballpage.com /features/1999/negro_lg/negro_lg.htm (2111 words)

	Satchel Paige
		For those who are just discovering the story of the Negro League baseball we have prepared a primer on this fascinating part of American sports and cultural history.
		The widely traveled Paige began his career with the Chattanooga Black Lookouts in the Negro Southern League in 1926.
		Simultaneously, his folksy humor and ability to "spin a yarn" made him the darling of fl sportswriters, establishing him as fl baseball's premier personality.
	www.negroleaguebaseball.com /players/Paige.html (531 words)

	Chattanooga Attractions :: GiveMeChattanooga
		Located on Lookout Mountain at the entrance to historic Point Park, The Battles for Chattanooga Electric Map & Museum is the perfect starting point for your tour of the area's Civil War battle sites.
		The mission of the Chattanooga Zoo, formerly Warner Park Zoo, is to provide an educational and recreational opportunity for all.
		Preserving Yesterday for Tomorrow --- Chattanooga's "Trademark Attraction" In 1961 a small group of Chattanooga railfans, concerned about the disappearance of steam locomotives and passenger trains from America's Railroads, organized the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum as a non-profit, educational corporation with a mission to preserve, restore, and operate historic railway equipment.
	www.givemechattanooga.com /Chattanooga_Attractions.htm (846 words)

	1919 chattanooga lookouts -- 1919 chattanooga lookouts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Jackie Mitchell, a 17-year-old left-hander for the Chattanooga Lookouts, becomes the first woman to pitch in a professional game when she faces the Yankees in an exhibition contest in Chattanooga...
		Chattanooga Lookouts Professional Baseball 201 Power Alley 423-267-2208 AA team for the Cincinnati Reds.
		Clark Griffith bought the Lookouts to be a farm team for the...
	www.chattanoogaa.com /1919chattanoogalookouts (962 words)

	Untitled Article
		If it were possible for smoke to emanate from pianos and guitars and fiddles and harmonicas and even the human voice as a result of their being challenged to the fullest extent of their abilities to endure, those instruments most certainly would have been smoking.
		The Black Lookouts played in the Black Southern Association, but they also barnstormed around the south playing whoever they could find willing to share a gate with them.
		Their opponents on that night were the Newnan "All-Stars," a team of local fl standouts garnered from a number of different teams that played in and around Newnan.
	times-herald.com /archives/sports/2004/0516.html (1395 words)

	Double Duty Book/First 3 Chapters/Pitch Black Negro League site
		Black teams that did not belong to any formal league are usually referred to as fl traveling teams or fl barnstorming teams.
		In the South fls were, for the most part, left alone and pushed aside as "half-citizens," but in the North they were forced into battles for their lives.
		The violence that followed was to be known as "the red summer" as fl and white gangs roamed the streets hunting each other and one riot was so intense that fls had to be moved from their homes into safety zones until tempers cooled.
	www.thediamondangle.com /books/dubduty_book.html (10077 words)

	Chattanooga - Current News & Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The city of Chattanooga is contributing $50,000 to the longrunning effort to restore the Wurlitzer organ at Memorial Auditorium.
		Chattanoogaâs Bubba Nelson and Jacksonvilleâs Glenn Bott kept the game close though neither man was around at the end as the Lookouts beat the Suns, 4-2.
		CHATTANOOGA (AP) -- The chancellor at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga is leaving to become headmaster at a private boarding school.
	news.daylightonline.com /Chattanooga.html (8748 words)

	6/1/2005 - Five Area Golfers In Field For Chattanooga Classic At Black Creek - Sports - Chattanoogan.com
		The Chattanooga Classic returns this week to the 7,217-yard, par-72 Black Creek Golf Club in Tiftonia with four area golfers in the Nationwide Tour event.
		He received a sponsor's exemption for the Chattanooga Classic and the Knoxville Open later this month.
		It is a diverse field that will gather at Black Creek for the event.
	www.chattanoogan.com /articles/article_67711.asp (651 words)

	World-Wide Web Resources - Notable Kentucky African Americans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		She was the Children's Department Artist at the Louisville Free Public Library from 1970 to 1977 and was later the planning draftsman for the Community Development Cabinet in Louisville.
		Head coach at University of San Diego at the age of 25, the youngest college coach in the U.S., and was also the youngest assistant coach in NBA history when he joined the Washington Bullets at the age of 29.
		He developed the Black Man Think Tank and is the national president of the John D. O'Bryant Think Tank for Black Professionals in Higher Education on Predominantly White Campuses (JDOTT).
	www.uky.edu /Subject/aakyall.html (18613 words)

	Satchel Paige
		Paige's antics, such as calling all of his fielders in and having them sit behind the mound and guaranteeing he'd strike out the first nine hitters of a game, sometimes angered his Negro League colleagues and the fl sportswriters of the day.
		He brought and prominence and popularity that fl baseball never had before.
		He was, of course glad to see a fl man in the major leagues, but at the same time he must of felt more than worthy of the honor.
	z.lee28.tripod.com /sbnslegends/id6.html (1169 words)

	Articles - Birmingham Black Barons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The Birmingham Black Barons was a professional baseball team based out of Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Alabama which played in the Negro Leagues.
		The Barons were organized in 1920 and entered into the Negro Southern League.
		The Black Barons played their last game in 1960.
	www.e-handbags.net /articles/Birmingham_Black_Barons (336 words)

	Paige, Satchel -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article
		byname of Leroy Robert Paige American professional baseball pitcher whose prowess became legendary during his many years in the Negro leagues; he finally was allowed to enter the major leagues in 1948 after the unwritten rule against fl players was abolished.
		He entered the Negro leagues playing for the Chattanooga Black Lookouts in 1926.
		He was a pitcher for various teams in the Negro Southern Association and the Negro National League.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9058007 (576 words)

	Article Archives
		Not until 1947 when Jackie Robinson became the "first" fl to play major league baseball did segregation cease to exist in professional baseball.
		was 42 to become as he would later call "the oldest rookie in the majors," began his career with the Chattanooga Black Lookouts in 1925.
		Dr. Mae Carol Jemison, who said she had been inspired to become a space traveler while watching Black actress Nichelle...
	www.blackpressusa.com /history/Article_Archive.asp?week=23&article=2&NewsID=695 (397 words)

	Chatenooga Black Lookouts
		The Birmingham Black Barons joined the league four years later, having competed successfully in Negro Southern League, a minor-league of Negro baseball.
		The original Black Barons featured a lanky right-handed pitcher named Leroy "Satchel" Paige, whose legend later rose to mythical proportions.
		Paige originally from Mobile, signed his first contract with the Chattanooga Black Lookouts for $50 a month.
	www.nlbpa.com /chatenooga_black_lookouts.html (142 words)

	Satchel Paige
		His frequent successful outings against such barnstorming major leaguers as Babe Ruth, Rogers Hornsby, and Bob Feller helped boost the credibility of fl baseball and lent support to those who called him the greatest pitcher of all time.
		Two years later he advanced to the Chattanooga Black Lookouts of the Negro Southern League.
		In the summers he hurled for the Birmingham Black Barons, Nashville Elite Giants, Cleveland Cubs, Pittsburgh Crawfords, and Kansas City Monarchs.
	www.baseball-statistics.com /HOF/Paige.html (1392 words)

	Travel Guide - Online Reservation - Warsaw Accommodation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The teams in Negro League baseball on this list is based upon the term "Negro Leagues" as applied by the Negro League Baseball Museum of Kansas City, Missouri.
		They are deemed to have been part of the highest level of play for fl baseball during racial segregation in the United States.
		These and other teams for fls are included on the template at the bottom of this page.
	www.warsaw-hotel.info /poland-guide/List_of_Negro_League_baseball_teams (163 words)

	Satchel Paige: Baseball Career
		Teams: W.H. Council School, Mobile Tigers, Mobile's Down the Bay Boys, Chattanooga Black Lookouts, New Orlean's Pelicans, Birmingham Black Barons, Pittsburgh Crawsfords, Bizmark's Baseball Club, Cleveland Indians, St. Louis Browns, Miami Marlins, and Kansas City Athletics.
		In 1926, he also pitched for Mobile's Down the Bay Boys, the Chattanooga Black Lookouts, and then the New Orleans Pelicans.
		He finally reached his life's goal to be picked up by the big leagues in 1948 by the Cleveland Indians on July 9th.
	www.mccsc.edu /~jcmslib/mlk/paige/career.htm (411 words)

	DSPS0800: Psychology of Learning (Chattanooga Projects)
		Students will work in groups to research topics about Chattanooga.
		>> The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Lupton Library may have books or manuscripts on your topic.
		Note: Go to the CSTCC Library circulation desk to get a library borrower's card that will let you check out books at the UTC Library.
	library.chattanoogastate.edu /leather/classes/ds080f02.htm (219 words)

	Satchel Paige (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		There are very few pitchers in the history of the game that could throw the slow breaking ball as well as Satchel.
		Satchel started his professional baseball career in 1924 in the old Semi-Pro Southern League, with the Chattanooga Black Lookouts, Birmingham Black Barons, Nashville elite Giants, and the Mobile Tigers.
		Satchel pitched for the Crawfords of the Negro National League from 1932 to 1937.
	multirace.org /firstday/first14.htm (558 words)

	Negro Leagues Baseball Museum
		From 1920-1955, over 30 communities-- located primarily- in the Midwest, northeast, and south--were home to franchises organized into a number of leagues, some lasting only one-year.
		However, the term "Negro Leagues," as it is used by the museum, refers to the highest level of play for fl baseball during segregation.
		Over the years, many of these teams reorganized or moved to different communities, changing names, personnel-, and ownership.
	www.nlbm.com /s/team.htm (116 words)

	Satchel Page
		At age 12, Satchel was sent to the Industrial School for Negro Children in Mount Meigs, Alabama, for shoplifting and truancy from W.C. Council School.
		1926 (May 1) -- made professional pitching debut with the Chattanooga Black Lookouts of the Negro Southern League.
		1932 -- jumped from the Black Barons to the Black Sox of Baltimore to the Nashville Elite Giants and finally the Cleveland Cubs, before settling with the Crawfords of Pittsburgh
	www.nathanielturner.com /satchelpage.htm (751 words)

	San Diego Hall of Champions - Negro Leagues Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		1889-1891 The Cuban Giants, the first all-fl professional team, competes successfully as a unit in the white minor leagues.
		Early 1900s Many fl ballplayers are afforded the opportunity to play in Latin American Winter Leagues, often against white major leaguers.
		While no lasting Negro Leagues operate prior to 1920, a series billed as the Colored Championship of the World is frequently played by leading teams of the given year.
	www.sdhoc.com /main/exhibits/touring/shadesofgreatness/negroleaguestimeline (785 words)

	Biography of Satchel Paige
		Paige, born in Mobile, Alabama, began playing semi-pro baseball in 1924 in his hometown.
		He jumped around to different Negro League teams and Caribbean teams in the late 1920s and 30s, including the Chattanooga Black Lookouts (his first professional team in 1926), the Birmingham Black Barons and the Pittsburgh Crawfords.
		Paige was known mainly to have three pitches: Long Tommy and Little Tommy (two unhittable fastballs), and the Bee Ball, named by Paige because it would “Be where I want it to be.”
	ks.essortment.com /biographysatch_rrdf.htm (375 words)

	info: CHICAGO AMERICAN GIANTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Ted 'Double Duty' Radcliffe was appointed manager in 1950.
		J.B. Martin, was concerned about fl players joining Major League teams so he instructed Radcliffe to sign white players.
		Radcliffe recruited at least five young white players (Lou Chirban, Lou Clarizio, Al Dubetts, Frank Dyall and Stanley Miarka).
	www.info-austria.org /Chicago_American_Giants (643 words)

	Satchel Paige -- Defied age to earn greatness
		In two years, he was playing in the Negro Southern League for the Chattanooga Black Lookouts.
		Paige was the first fl pitcher in the American League and the oldest rookie pitcher ever.
		Paige began his career pitching as a reliever, but on August 3, he faced Washington as a starter and got a 5-3 victory.
	www.historicbaseball.com /players/p/paige_satchell.html (1009 words)

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