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	Cave painting - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cave, or rock, paintings are paintings painted on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to pre-historic times.
		The commonest themes in cave paintings are large wild animals, such as bison, horses, aurochs, and deer, and tracings of human hands as well as abstract patterns, called Maccaroni by Breuill.
		Cave paintings are also found in the Tassili n'Ajjer mountains in southeast Algeria.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /cave_art.htm (576 words)

	Chauvet Cave \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Chauvet Cave was discovered in the Ardèche valley (in southern France) in December 1994 by three cave explorers, after removing the rumble of stones that blocked a passage.
		The dominant animals throughout the cave are lions, mammoths, and rhinoceroses.
		Along with cave bears (which were far larger than grizzly bears), the lions, mammoths, and rhinos account for 63 percent of the identified animals, a huge percentage compared to later periods of cave art.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/chav/hd_chav.htm (545 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Chauvet Cave
		Chauvet Cave, prehistoric cave located in the gorges of the Ardèche, southern France.
		Cave, chamber beneath the surface of the earth or in the side of a hill, cliff, or mountain.
		Caves vary in size and shape, and many have large...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Chauvet_Cave.html (99 words)

	Caveboy left footprints in the clay of time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Chauvet cave was named after Jean-Marie Chauvet, an amateur speleologist employed by the local archaeological service who stumbled on the cave on Dec. 18, 1994, while on a weekend potholing trip with two friends.
		Chauvet became involved in a court dispute with three Culture Ministry officials, who he alleged tried to squeeze him out of rights to the exploitation of the cave.
		The cave holds the world's oldest known cave art, with 447 paintings believed to date back to 30,000 B.C. The discovery of the footprints was allegedly made last month during a new exploration of the cave, in which some 30 new cave paintings also came to light.
	www.trussel.com /prehist/news129.htm (455 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The oldest cave paintings known are in the Ardèche valley of southeastern France, in a cave called Chauvet.
		The end of cave art is believed to be because the ice ages were ending and started painting towards the openings of the caves, and weather and light have just bleached out the pictures.
		These caves and images inside must have contain a great deal of symbolic value to these people, not only because of the energy spent getting to the areas of the caves, or the effort put into the images, but because images made appear to be telling highly symbolic stories.
	www.angelfire.com /az2/Anthropology5/CaveArt.html (334 words)

	TIME INTERNATIONAL: Shadows on the Wall --PAGE 1-- October 19, 1998
		The document described Chauvet as a "government employee assisted by two volunteers," and deprived all three of rights to the photographs taken shortly after the cave's discovery, some of which were published in the Feb. 13, 1995 edition of TIME.
		Seeing the ministry reap the rewards of their find, Chauvet and his two co-discoverers issued the ministry a formal letter to keep it from exploiting pictures taken in the cave.
		The situation for Chauvet and his fellow spelunkers took a different turn in July, when three high-ranking ministry officials were summoned to appear in court at the end of November, two on charges of producing a fake document--the backdated warrant--and a third for complicity.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/1998/int/981019/europe.shadows_on_the_w18a.html (496 words)

	Chauvet Cave
		If the rock art in the Chauvet cave is 30,000 years old, it is the most ancient example of human art in existence and the implications for the evolution of culture are immense.
		The age of cave paintings used to be worked out by their subject matter, but dating based on the charcoal or pigment has become more precise in recent years.
		Chauvet, who was an employee of the regional Ministry of Culture, has insisted that he was on Christmas vacation in the mountainous Ardeche region of southeast France when he discovered a half-mile labyrinth of caves containing paintings and etchings of rhinos, horses, woolly mammoths and wild cats.
	www.hominids.com /donsmaps/chauvetcave.html (3165 words)

	La Debacle Chauvet
		Meanwhile, Jean-Marie Chauvet is seeking an injunction to stop the Ministry of Culture from selling his videotape of the cave to television stations at 3,000 francs (about $600) a minute.
		The ministry has subpoenaed Sygma and Chauvet in an attempt to recover the pictures, claiming that as a government guard Chauvet was acting as "an agent of the state" when he discovered the cave.
		For his part, Chauvet claims that he was not on duty when he found the caves and that the letter was forged and predated to cheat him out of revenue from the photographs.
	www.archaeology.org /9703/newsbriefs/chauvet.html (429 words)

	Natural History: When Lions Ruled France - paintings in France's Chauvet Cave depict extinct cats
		The landscape is lush with 10w trees and shrubs, and the canyon walls are honeycombed with shallow caves and deep caverns.
		Chauvet is one of the most profusely decorated Paleolithic caves in the world and is unique in its large gallery of lion portraits.
		Cave bears (the size of modern-day Kodiak bears) hibernated in Chauvet, and their bones still litter the floor, but humans left behind few signs other than the spectacular animals they drew on the walls in ocher or charcoal or by scratching into the soft wall surfaces.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_9_109/ai_67410988 (1570 words)

	The Dawn of Prehistoric Rock Art by James Q. Jacobs
		The cave system is untouched and remains undisturbed, one of the very few intact Paleolithic painted caves.
		The cave contains substantial evidence of human activity, including a fireplace, flint, parts of torches, stone arrangements, the placed cave bears skulls, and possible evidence of digging for iron oxide and manganese for the paintings.
		Cave bears and a spotted leopard, animals also representing a major threat to humans, are featured (Fritz, 1995).
	www.jqjacobs.net /rock_art/dawn.html (3458 words)

	Read about Chauvet Cave at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Chauvet Cave and learn about Chauvet Cave here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Chauvet Cave or Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave is a cave located near
		cave paintings, supposedly dated at about 32,000 years old.
		The cave was named after Jean-Marie Chauvet, who discovered it on December 18, 1994, together with Christian Hillaire and Eliette Brunel-Deschamps.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Grotte_Chauvet (193 words)

	Prehistoric Art (Virtual Museum) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The cave was discovered on the 18th of December 1994 by three speleologists - Jean-Marie Chauvet, Eliette Brunel Deschamps and Christian Hillaire.
		They had seen the half-covered entrance into an unnamed cave before but it seemed to be of a secondary interest and was not explored.
		Chauvet cave is described in many scientific articles, not mentioning sensational materials in mass media, a large artistic album is published and translated into the main european languages.
	vm.kemsu.ru /en/palaeolith/shove.html (363 words)

	Chauvet Cave
		And that may explain why the cave artists chose Chauvet: dozens of hollows in the floor indicate that the enormous bears hibernated there.
		The team believes that the art, which incorporates features in the rock walls, is as sophisticated as that in the more famous caves of Lascaux, near the Pyrenees, painted during the Magdalenian period, 15,000 years ago.
		Chauvet could be reimbursed for the expenses he incurred while exploring the cave.
	donsmaps.com /chauvetcave.html (3165 words)

	Jaroff, Window on the Stone Age
		A few species represented on the walls of the Chauvet cave, as it has already been named, had never before been seen in prehistoric artwork: an owl engraved in rock and a panther depicted in red pigment.
		Beghain is particularly struck by the skull of a bear perched on a stone near a wall adorned by an ursine image.
		Stung by lessons learned at Altamira and Lascaux, where initial unrestricted access to the caves obliterated archaeological clues and led to the rapid deterioration of artwork, the French Culture Ministry has put the Chauvet cave off limits to all but a handful of experts and installed video surveillance cameras and police guards at the entrance.
	cogweb.ucla.edu /ep/Art/Jaroff_95.html (754 words)

	France’s Magical Cave Art @ nationalgeographic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Approximately twice as old as those in the more famous caves, Chauvet’s images represented not the culmination of prehistoric art but its earliest known beginnings.
		Some scholars insist that the decorations of the caves stem purely from artistic desires—they should be seen as art for art’s sake.
		Chauvet Cave changed the scientific community’s view about the development of modern human’s ability to create art.
	nationalgeographic.com /ngm/data/2001/08/01/html/ft_20010801.6.html (817 words)

	Grotte Chauvet Archaeologically Dated - Main Page
		The "butterflies" of Chauvet may be the realistic predecessors of the varied family of so-called "signes en accolade" (bracket signs) or of "Le Placard type".
		The fl rhinos of Grotte Chauvet are totally different from the red ones in details, movement, perspective, etc. One of the AMS-dated rhinos is very similar to an engraving of Trois-Frères, which shows according to the photo in Bégouen and Breuil 1958 (Pl. XVI, b) even the curious M-like ears.
		Its occurrence in cave art is therefore a very important hint to the age of the paintings.
	www.uf.uni-erlangen.de /chauvet/chauvet.html (5728 words)

	The Prehistoric Society - Membership
		The cave of Chauvet in the Ardèche gorge of southern France is the most important discovery of an Upper Palaeolithic decorated sanctuary for decades.
		The fortuitous circumstances of the discovery of the cave were promptly published in 1995 (and that book subsequently also made available in English) but the current volume is the English edition of the first formal report of the thirty-strong research team appointed to record the site under the expert direction of Jean Clottes.
		Research in the cave commenced, with all its practical difficulties, in the Spring of 1998 yet the first report was already printed in 2001.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /prehistoric/reviews/03_06_chauvet.htm (2037 words)

	Paleolithic Art in France a paper by Jean Clottes
		They are often to be found in small groupings, like the Basque caves in the Arbailles mountains in the west of the chain, the three Volp Caves, and the six caverns in the Tarascon-sur-Ariege Basin.
		The art inside the caves was respected, while the art in the shelters eventually lost its interest and protection.
		This would mean that an important thematic change took place in the art of the south of France at the beginning of the Gravettian or at the end of the Aurignacian, when their choices changed from the most fearsome animals to the more hunted ones (Clottes 1996).
	www.bradshawfoundation.com /clottes (1540 words)

	Amazon.com: Dawn of Art: The Chauvet Cave: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Chauvet Cave paintings are extremely well executed, leading many archeologists and art historians to completely reformulate extant theories concerning the evolution of human art.
		Scientists are attempting to determine the order of events in the Chauvet cave by studying the formation of overlying levels of sediment and accretions of calcite material on the walls, ceilings, and floors.
		Their first effort is to protect the cave bear bones from disturbance by the traffic of the experts who will come when they share their discovery with the world.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0810932326?v=glance (2197 words)

	La grotte Chauvet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Suddenly, the cave paintings at Vallon-Pont-d'Arc found themselves promoted to the rank of "the oldest known to date" by the Ministry of Culture and our cave artist was nothing short of a genius.
		Wassily Kandinsky, the Russian-born artist whose works sometimes evoke cave paintings, believed that a work of art was the combination of three forms of spiritual expression: the artist as an individual, the "child of his age" but also the "handservant to art".
		France has 24 caves open to the public, which are admired by more than one million visitors each year; no fewer than 400,000 of those visitors go to see the replica of the Lascaux cave.
	www.diplomatie.gouv.fr /label_france/ENGLISH/SCIENCES/CHAUVET/cha.html (1446 words)

	Chauvet Study Begins
		The French government has finally expropriated the land around Chauvet Cave and allowed a team led by Jean Clottes of the Ministry of Culture to begin a four-year research program.
		The cave, with spectacular Palaeolithic art, was discovered in 1994 in southern France (see "Stone Age Masterpieces Found," March/April 1995).
		Cave bears appear to have hibernated in the grotto, and the ground is littered with their bones.
	www.archaeology.org /9811/newsbriefs/chauvet.html (290 words)

	Human Footprints at Chauvet Cave
		Recent exploration of the Chauvet Cave near Vallon-Pont-d'Arc in southern France has yielded the oldest footprints of Homo sapiens sapiens and a cavern with a dozen new animal figures.
		First spotted in 1994 by Jean-Marie Chauvet, the cave's discoverer, the footsteps stretch perhaps 150 feet and at times cross those of bears and wolves.
		The prints from the Chauvet Cave, like nearly all footprints thus far discovered in Palaeolithic caves, are from bare feet, which has led scholars to speculate that people of the time either left footwear at cave entrances or carried them.
	www.archaeology.org /9909/newsbriefs/chauvet.html (360 words)

	The Pont-d’Arc Venus – Aurignacian, Gravettian or Magdalenian
		Willendorf) it is done in a very discrete way, as natural part of women, not in such a vulgar clearness as in Chauvet cave.
		If we accept that the fl paintings of Chauvet Cave are of Magdalenian origin as we have maintained since 1995, all problems are solved without any difficulties: there exist some representations of women presenting their sexuality which are nearly identical and well-dated to the Magdalenian:
		It seems to be a clear hint to the Magdalenian age of the composition in the Chauvet Cave.
	www.uf.uni-erlangen.de /chauvet/chauvetvenus.htm (993 words)

	Doubt Cast on Age of Oldest Human Art
		Contamination from groundwater or rock scrapings may further confuse the results..Jean Clottes, the archaeologist at the French ministry of Culture who led the team exploring the cave, stands by his Chauvet results.
		Pollution might have affected some samples more than others; samples were collected at different times; Candamo cave has long been open to visitors and prehistoric peoples who may have added to the paintings.
		Chauvet was closed by a rock fall and has been closed to visitors.
	www.neara.org /MiscReports/04-18-03.htm (900 words)

	EDSITEment - Lesson Plan
		By studying paintings from the Cave of Lascaux and other caves in France, students discover that pictures are more than pretty colors and representations of things we recognize: they are also a way of communicating beliefs and ideas.
		Of the more than 130 caves in the area, the Cave of Lascaux is the most famous -- but all the caves stand testament to the fact that that early humans had complete mastery of the artistic elements we know today: engraving, sculpture, painting, and drawing.
		Today, the caves are not open to the public; they were closed in 1963 after it was determined that carbon dioxide from visitors' breath was causing the artwork to deteriorate.
	edsitement.neh.gov /view_lesson_plan.asp?id=362 (2563 words)

	Review of Chauvet et al., Dawn of Art: the Chauvet Cave
		Jean-Marie Chauvet, Eliette Brunel Descamps, and Christian Hillaire; with an epilogue by Jean Clottes; translated by Paul G. Bahn.
		This coffee-table book comes with a workmanlike narrative of the discovery of the Chauvet cave (named for one of the discoverers), as well as a long, fascinating epilogue by a leading expert on European cave paintings, Jean Clottes, that fleshes out the scientific study of the images.
		Since chances are that only archeologists will ever get to go inside the Chauvet cave, the rest of us are fortunate to have available the book's many bright, asp, and mesmerizing photographs.
	cogweb.ucla.edu /ep/Art/Dawn_of_Art_96.html (195 words)

	Slipping up and making history
		Located in the Chauvet cave in the Ardeche region of the country, the four prints were found in a place already lauded by archaeologists for its stunning cave paintings — considered the oldest reliably dated prehistoric art, even older than the famous paintings at Lascaux.
		It was when a team of 15 archaeologists joined another team already studying the paintings in the cave back in May that the prints — thought to have been made by a male child — were found.
		Everything we have found near the footprints is older than that." Moreover, the paintings in the cave, as well as some campfire remains, have been radio-carbon dated from 23,000 to 32,000 years.
	www.exn.ca /Templates/Story.asp?ID=1999061554 (508 words)

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