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	Judaism 101: Rabbis, Priests, and Other Religious Functionaries
		A chazzan (cantor) is the person who leads the congregation in prayer.
		Any person with good moral character and thorough knowledge of the prayers and melodies can lead the prayer services, and in many synagogues, members of the community lead some or all parts of the prayer service.
		In smaller congregations, the rabbi often serves as both rabbi and chazzan.
	www.jewfaq.org /rabbi.htm (1125 words)

	Choshvei Shemo - חשבי שמו: Repeating Words in Davening and Singing along with the Chazzan
		However, if a chazzan were to repeat the words in accordance with his tune (not following the order intended by the Sages), there is a worry that this is a hefsek, such as the chazzanim who [do the aformentioned] in "Yismichu...", "Korei Oneg Shabbos...", and "Kidashto Shabbos...".
		With regards to quieting a chazzan who repeats words, one is not required to stop him unless he says something like "modim, modim" where it appears that he is referring to two powers (gods)...
		When the chazzan repeats words out of lack of concentration, we do not quiet him if it is a case where it does not sound as if there is a power aside from HaShem...
	choshvei.blogspot.com /2006/06/repeating-words-in-davening-and.html (2244 words)

	Repeating Words in Prayer
		Originally, it was instituted in an age where not everyone had the text of the prayers in front of them and not everyone was expert enough to know all of the words by heart.
		Nowadays, with the advent of both mass printing and education being more or less a given, there is less of a need for the chazzan to serve in his original capacity.
		On the other hand, if the chazzan is intending merely to show off, then he is repulsive and should not lead the services.
	chaburas.org /repeat.html (2076 words)

	chazan2
		The chazzan therefore must say aloud the verses of Kedusha by virtue of their inclusion in the repetition of Shemoneh Esrei, and not because of the internal structure of Kedusha itself.
		It is clear that one cannot claim that it is forbidden for the chazzan to repeat the verses simply because Kedusha cannot be said privately, as in Barekhu as well it is not said privately - yet he does repeat the congregation's response.
		However, according to the previous reason, the chazzan repeats the verses out loud because in addition to the "matter of holiness" principle, there is a law of repeating the Shemoneh Esrei, with Kedusha intertwined with it.
	www.vbm-torah.org /halakha/chazan2.htm (2477 words)

	Halacha-Yomi - Torah.org
		The Chazzan does not fulfill his own obligation to recite Kiddush when he recites it in synagogue, [because Kiddush must be recited in the place where one will eat the Shabbos meal].
		Therefore, [the Chazzan is unable to drink the wine,] because one is not allowed to eat or drink wine before fulfilling one's obligation to recite Kiddush.
		Generally, the age at which a child is introduced to a particular Mitzvah depends on both the child's level of maturity and the type of Mitzvah he or she is to perform.
	www.torah.org /learning/halacha/classes/class311.html (284 words)

	Articles
		Most of those communities did not have the financial means of today`s communities, yet it was considered a priority to build beautiful shuls and to beautify the davening with a cantor and a choir.
		The fact remains, however, that an Orthodox shul with a chazzan is indeed a rarity.
		Today, a chazzan is never a hired instead of a rabbi and, as noted above, rarely even along with a rabbi.
	www.chazzan.net /Articles.htm (1454 words)

	Jewish Standard Bring back the chazzan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It’s a rare occasion when a professional chazzan, a cantor, leads the prayers.
		A good chazzan can create a palpable focus, a presence, a numinous, holy quality in the house of prayer.
		We should bring back the chazzan to ensure that a consistency of quality and a sense of holiness permeate our services.
	www.jstandard.com /articles/1569/1/Bring-back-the-chazzan (550 words)

	Judaism - Rabbis, Priests, and Other Religious Functionaries
		One of their most important duties is teaching young people to lead all or part of a Shabbat service and to chant the Torah or Haftarah reading, which is the heart of the bar mitzvah ceremony.
		But they can also perform many of the pastoral duties once confined to rabbis, such as conducting weddings and funerals, visiting sick congregants, and teaching adult education classes.
		A gabbai is a lay person who volunteers to perform various duties in connection with Torah readings at religious services.
	www.mnment.com /judaism/rabbi.php (1083 words)

	Liturgica.com \| Liturgics \| Jewish Liturgics \| Chant Development \| Jewish Liturgical Music - Part 2
		The Rise of the Synagogue, the Chazzan and Early Chant
		When the professional cantor emerged as primarily a singer is not clear, though the rise of the specialized piyyut (see below) may have been the primary factor, in that the piyyut, being complex poetry, required specialized education on the part of anyone charged with chanting it.
		Whenever it was that the post of cantor developed into a primarily musical role, good cantors were in great demand, and they went from community to community, shaping regional repertories of melodies and melodic fragments that eventually crystallized into fixed patterns that individual communities viewed as sacred and obligatory.
	www.liturgica.com /html/litJLitMusDev2.jsp?hostname=null (5187 words)

	MP3's and Streaming Video of Cantor Murray Bazian
		He also sang at the Philadelphia Town Hall Concert and was one of the performers at the Chazonim Farband Concert held at the Young Israel of the West Side, where he was enthusiastically received.
		Chazzan Moshe Bazian was last Chazzan at Congregation Etz Chaim of Flatbush, Brooklyn, NY and currently still officiates for the High Holidays.
		The difference between a cantor and a chazzan is : a chazzan is a “ba’al t'fila” who pushes the TZIBUR, the congregation to pray with his singing.
	www.chazzan.org (1402 words)

	Dan Papirany - Essay about Jewish Music
		Slowly the Chazzan was given more power and control of the ritual, to the degree that Chazzan became the Precentor.
		This is the case nowadays where Chazzan is the chief singer in the synagogue.
		The Chazzan had to satisfy the popular desire in Jewish music – expressing the sentiments of the Jew, giving tonal expression to his feelings of pain, sorrow, and the lowest classification as a human being.
	www.danpapirany.com /jewishmusic.htm (5281 words)

	Shaarey Zedek Synagogue Winnipeg > About Us > Meet Our Clergy Team
		Chazzan Aníbal Mass was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
		Chazzan Mass’ interest in liturgical music came while studying for his own Bar Mitzvah.
		Immediately after completing his chazzanut studies, Chazzan Mass was selected as a full-time Chazzan by the Israelite Community of Santiago, Chile, where he served for over eight years.
	www.shaareyzedek.mb.ca /about_us/meet_clergy.htm (1491 words)

	WHAT'S NEW -AND NOT SO NEW- IN MESSIANIC JUDAICA
		The Hebrew print style, which Chazzan Greenberg chose, is large enough to be easy to read, without being so large that the book becomes bulky.
		Chazzan Greenberg is somewhat unique in some of his transliteration choices.
		As a formally trained chazzan, from a family of chazzanim, Jeremiah Greenberg is well-qualified to teach us, and lead us through the different aspects of traditional Jewish worship.
	www.messianicliturgy.com /reviews.htm (1066 words)

	Yossele Rosenblatt (II), The remarkable career of Cantor Rosenblatt
		No other chazzan has ever attained such nationwide popularity and fame among both Jewish and Gentile audiences as Yossele Rosenblatt, while remaining completely observant and retaining his position at the amud.
		The father would daven as the chazzan, but it was the child prodigy, Yossele, whom the crowds came to hear.
		Rosenblatt's success at Ohab Zedek, which was then in Harlem and later, on Manhattan's Upper West Side, was immediate, and he soon cabled his wife, telling her to bring the family to America.
	www.chazzanut.com /articles/rosenblatt-2.html (2725 words)

	USCJ: United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
		Our chazzan, Avi Alpert, our director of education and youth, Orit Morgenshtern, and I work together as a team to involve our adults and teens, training them to serve as ba'alei tefillah for Shacharit and Musaf as well as reading from the Torah and haftarah.
		Chazzan Alpert and I recorded a CD of the entire Kabbalat Shabbat and Ma'ariv service, sung a cappella, based on our experience davening at Yakar and Shira Chadasha in Jerusalem.
		Through the generosity of a benefactor in our shul, we produced 800 CDs, had a graphic artist design the cover, and mailed them to every member of our congregation, asking that they join us on the second Friday of each month to open their hearts with song and help our souls rise up to God.
	www.uscj.org /cgi-bin/viewcontent.pl?Friday_Night_Live6836.html (750 words)

	Ezras Torah Calendar
		A warning to the Chazzan (during the repetition of the Shemonah Esrei) not to start the next bracha until most of the congregation answered amen.
		Therefore it is a Mitzvah to correct this matter, and to insist that the Chazzan begin יוצר אור and conclude גאל ישראל in an audible voice the entire year]; Shemonah Esrei of Rosh HaShanah with insertions for Shabbos.
		After Shemonah Esrei, the customary poetic renditions — Piyutim, in the format of Selichos are said with the Chazzan; this leads into the saying of Viduy and "על חטא" together with the Chazzan; אבינו מלכנו; (according to Nusach Sefard לדוד מזמור is recited); Kaddish Tiskabel; עלינו; ;לדוד אורי Mourner's Kaddish; אדון עולם.
	www.ezrastorah.org /cal/tishrei.php (6418 words)

	Union for Reform Judaism - The Role of Sh'liach Tzibur
		Another term for sh'liach tzibur is chazzan which is found in the Mishnah.
		Mishnah 3 the commentary of Obadiah Bartinurah explains the term chazzan as a teacher of children.
		In the Sefer Ha-Arukh, under the heading chazzan, the term is explained as originating in the Hebrew verb, hozeh, "sees." From here, we understand that the sh'liach tzibur or the chazzan must be able to see how to read the Torah.
	urj.org /worship/letuslearn/s12therole (559 words)

	The Prayer for Rain - Shmini Atzeret/Simchat Torah at OU.ORG
		The third item, the actual "Prayer for Rain," is not incorporated into the Shemoneh Esrei (1) until early in December, keyed to the rainy season in Israel, but allowing sufficient time for Pilgrim visitors to Jerusalem to get home before the rain.
		"Geshem" is recited by the Prayer-Leader, "Chazzan," responsively with the congregation, during the repetition of the Shemoneh Esray.
		In the prayer, we are informed that the "angel" (2) in charge of the distribution of rain is named "Af-Bri." This name alludes to the two ways in which rain can be delivered to the earth.
	www.ou.org /chagim/shmini-simchat/geshem.htm (938 words)

	Parshas Toldos: The Yichus of the Sheliach Tzibbur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As a side point, the Rosh (Ibid.) does object to the practice of selecting a Chazzan only because people enjoy hearing his beautiful voice, ignoring the fact that he may be a wicked person; he concludes that Hashem has no interest in (only) a beautiful voice.
		The Rosh (Ibid.) clearly believes that the person serving as a Chazzan must himself be a righteous person, even though he need not come from a great family.
		The former should be encouraged to serve as a Chazzan to bring him closer to Hashem, the latter, perhaps, should not.
	www.tzemachdovid.org /thepracticaltorah/toldos.shtml (923 words)

	JewishGates.Com - The Definitive Source for Talmudic Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Me'am Loez on Naso: Attributes of a Chazzan
		In other words, if the worship of the chazzan is pure in motive and thought, his prayer rises straight up to Heaven like a cedar tree.
		But if he does not pray to God with purity of heart and the consciousness of being a messenger for the people; if instead he is concerned with hearing his voice praised and his fee adjusted accordingly; dire punishment awaits him: the fate of Korach.
	www.jewishgates.com /file.asp?File_ID=1167 (6691 words)

	Congregation Ahavas Sholom - Bar/Bas Mitzvah Guidelines
		At that point the chazzan moves to the front amud (lectern) of the sanctuary and continues with the Ma ariv service.
		A tallis is worn by the chazzan for the entire service.
		The custom of many synagogues is for the chazzan not to repeat any words, as in the form of a melody, during the repetition of the amidah prayer.
	www.ahavas-sholom.org /bbmitzvah.html (1105 words)

	Rabbis, Priests, and Other Religious Functionaries
		A professional chazzan is generally a person with a well-trained and pleasing voice, because much of the Jewish religious service is sung, but the primary qualifications for the job are good moral character and thorough knowledge of the prayers and melodies.
		In smaller congregations, the rabbi frequently acts as chazzan, but any person can fill the role.
		The kohanim are the descendants of Aaron, chosen by G-d at the time of the incident with the Golden Calf to perform certain sacred work, particularly in connection with the animal sacrifices and the rituals related to the Temple.
	kevin.lps.org /Religion/jewish/rabbi.htm (555 words)

	Chayei Sarah 5760 - Rabbi Gedalia Hochberg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It is not considerred such an integral part of tefilla that it should warrant a new shmone esrei to be said.
		If this is the case, that "Hash-m, open my lips" is considered an actual part of shmone esrei, then our common practice during the chazzan's repetition of the shmone esrei seems rather strange.
		After all, the chazzan is required to say the entire shmone esrei out loud, so that the congregation can hear him.
	www.yoy.org.il /article.php?id=80 (716 words)

	- Torah.org
		But during Mussaf itself the entire congregation - including the Chazzan - mentions rain in their silent prayer, so that there will not be a confusion in the community.
		Even the Chazzan should not mention it except when he repeats his prayers out loud, but not in his silent prayer since it was not announced beforehand.
		Some say that the Chazzan stops mentioning rain in the Mussaf prayer of the first day of Pesach, but the congregation mentions it and only stops (15) at Mincha, (16) since then they have already heard from the Chazzan that he stopped during the Mussaf prayer.
	www.torah.org /learning/halacha/S114.html (2439 words)

	swingingonbima
		The case for external stimulation revolves primarily around the chazzan (the cantor); the rabbi or a core group may be motivating, but ultimately it comes down to the music the chazzan elicits.
		Inspiring chazzans teach not only the bar/bat mitzvah candidates, but also the congregation--uplifting and moving melodies.
		The fervent outpourings of the chazzan are merely a glimpse of the splendor that lies beyond our worldly existence.
	www.jewishealing.com /swingingonbima.html (752 words)

	Chazzan - Wikipedia
		Zu dieser Zeit musste ein Chazzan auch in der Lage sein, Pijjutim, d.h.
		Dies gilt prinzipiell bis heute; da die jüdische Liturgie jedoch sehr schwierig ist und eine schöne Stimme gewünscht wurde, entwickelte sich diese Funktion in gaonischer Zeit.
		Traditionell wird vom Chazzan eine schöne Stimme und große Kenntnis der jüdischen Liturgie verlangt, vor allem aber ethisch einwandfreies Verhalten und Frömmigkeit.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chazzan (213 words)

	Jewish Music Web Center Announcements: Chazzan Abraham Lopes Cardozo Dead at 92
		Chazzan Abraham Lopes Cardozo z"l died February 21 at around 3am.
		He was a made a Knight in the Order of Orange Nassau by Queen Beatrix of Holland on June 7, 2000.
		Two years ago the Chazzan celebrated his 90th birthday in Amsterdam.
	www.jmwc.org /announcements/2006/02/chazzan_abraham.html (310 words)

	Torah Reading
		Sephardic and Hasidic congregations begin with the words "ata haraita lada'at, ki hashem hu ha'elohim, ain od milvado" (You have been made to recognize that the Lord is God; there is none besides him) and continuing "Av harachamim" (Father of mercy).
		The man who removes the Torah scroll hands it to the chazzan and closes the Ark. The chazzan takes the Torah in his arms and says the phrase beginning "gadlu lahashem iti" (Exalt the Lord together with me).
		When the Torah is returned to the Ark, the chazzan again holds the Torah and recites a verse from Psalms to which the congregation responds.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Judaism/torah_reading.html (2639 words)

	Rabbi Mordechai Willig - Tefilla of Yomim Noraim: Texts, Times, & Tunes
		The words vayaavor-vayikra should be said by the tzibbur and then, aloud, by the chazzan followed by the thirteen middot which are the centerpiece of the selichot.
		To demonstrate this, the chazzan should conclude the paragraph with the traditional nigun, followed by the tzibbur's nigun between paragraphs., before Shema and should not pause between Shema Yisrael and the bracha.
		As such, the Rav zt'l ruled that it must be said aloud by the chazzan.
	www.torahweb.org /torah/1999/moadim/rwil_yk.html (591 words)

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