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Topic: Chemical oxygen iodine laser

	Upconversion of laser radiation frequency in an oxygen-iodine laser - Patent 4622676
		The gases in the cavity 14 are pumped by infrared laser radiation 12 from an iodine laser 10.
		the concentrations of iodine, oxygen and fluorine as in the mixture are equal.
		An object of the invention is to convert the infrared laser radiation of a COIL to visible laser radiation.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4622676.html (1023 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News
		Chemical oxygen iodine laser, or COIL, is an infrared chemical laser.
		The laser is fed with gaseous chlorine, molecular iodine, and an aqueous mixture of hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide.
		This singlet delta oxygen transfers its energy to the iodine molecules injected to the gas stream; they are nearly resonant with the singlet oxygen, so the energy transfer during the collision of the particles is rapid.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Chemical_oxygen_iodine_laser (393 words)

	Iodine@Everything2.com
		Iodine was discovered by Barnard Courtois in 1811 in Paris, France; it was isolated from treating seaweed ash with sulfuric acid while recovering sodium and potassium compounds.
		Iodine's primary importance to the human body is related to the thyroid gland, which uses it to produce thyroxine and triiodothyronine, (two hormones that control the metabolism).
		Iodine and its compounds are largely used in medicine (as in liniments, antisyphilitics, etc.), in photography, in the preparation of aniline dyes, and as an indicator in titration.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node=iodine (421 words)

	Oxygen-iodine laser - Patent 5802095
		In such an oxygen-iodine laser, the steam trap has discs which are cooled from their inside and on which steam is deposited on their outer surface in the form of ice, and this ice is then scraped from the discs continuously during operation.
		This object is achieved according to the invention with an oxygen-iodine laser of the aforementioned type in that the cold surfaces for separation of the steam are formed by surfaces of a condensation liquid moved in the condensation chamber.
		The iodine added to the excited oxygen in the iodine injector 24 is generated in an iodine steam generator 32 and fed to the iodine injector 24 via a pipe 34.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5802095.html (3775 words)

	Iodine: Radioactive Iodine, Element Iodine
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	ebaybooprz.iquebec.com /index-iodine.html (1665 words)

	Chemical oxygen iodine laser (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Chemical oxygen iodine laser, or COIL, is an infrared chemical laser.
		The laser is fed with gaseous chlorine, molecular iodine, and an aqueous mixture of hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide.
		This singlet delta oxygen transfers its energy to the iodine molecules injected to the gas stream; they are nearly resonant with the singlet oxygen, so the energy transfer during the collision of the particles is rapid.
	en.askmore.net /Chemical_oxygen_iodine_laser.htm (374 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Chemically, iodine is the least reactive of the halogens, and the most electropositive halogen after astatine.
		Elemental iodine is poorly soluble in water, with one gram dissolving in 3450 ml at 20 Â°C and 1280 ml at 50 Â°C. By contrast with chlorine, the formation of the hypohalite ion (IO) in neutral aqueous solutions of iodine is negligible.
		Iodine deficiency is also the leading cause of preventable mental retardation, an effect which happens primarily when babies and small children are made hypothyroid by lack of the element.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Iodine (2098 words)

	Coil - Definition, explanation
		A bifilar coil is a coil that uses the effect of mutual relation self-induction.
		The RNA coil is a nucleic acid structure consisting of a string of covalently-bound nucleotides.
		As an acronym, COIL denotes the Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/c/co/coil.php (1147 words)

	The chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) was chosen for the ABL for several reasons (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) was chosen for the ABL for several reasons.
		COIL differs from other chemical lasers in that it radiates only a single wavelength of light at 1.315 :m.
		The COIL also has the advantage that most of its excess heat is liberated in the production of the excited oxygen, significantly reducing the turbulence inside the laser cavity and facilitating the production of high-quality beams.
	airchronicles.yotor.com /mowthorpe02/mowthorpe0217.htm (147 words)

	New, Deadly Airborne US Laser Weapon Cleared For Take-Off
		In the Coil, the power of a chemical reaction is converted to laser energy, and the weapon can carry on firing as long as its power source is intact.
		Once the Coil and its power plant have been fully developed, the USAF hopes to fit it to a whole range of manned and unmanned aircraft, such as the Predator reconnaissance probe, which is fitted with Hellfire missiles and has been used in CIA operations in Afghanistan.
		Lasers could also be used as an additional weapon system to fighters, bombers, helicopter gunships and warships but this is unlikely for a decade.
	www.rense.com /general20/laser.htm (625 words)

	DoD TechMatch: Patent View
		This invention relates generally to chemical oxygen-iodine lasers, and, more particularly to a repetitively pulsed chemical oxygen-iodine laser in which the threshold of the resonator is reduced by the incorporation therein of a scaleable intracavity gas phase Q-switch.
		In the photochemical iodine laser the population inversion is produced in the flash photolysis of a parent alkyl-iodide, generally C.sub.3 F.sub.7 --I or CF.sub.3 --I. The iodine atom that is produce in the photolysis process is in the upper laser level,.sup.2 P.sub.1/2.
		A repetitively pulsed chemical oxygen-iodine laser having a resonant cavity containing a lasing medium in the form of a flowing mixture of excited oxygen and iodine atoms and an iodine absorption region within the resonant cavity.
	www.armytechmatch.com /DOD/Patent/PatentView.aspx?id=6434174 (325 words)

	Patents in Class 372/59
		A solid-state laser apparatus includes a cavity 17 for storing a laser diode 40 and a laser medium 6 to be excited by the laser diode 40, and a storage unit 70, for communicating with the cavity 17 and for internally storing a drying age...
		There is to provide a laser apparatus that emits a laser beam by exciting gas enclosed in a chamber, including a gas characteristic detecting mechanism for detecting a characteristic of the gas in the chamber, and a calculation mechanism...
		An excimer laser gas in a laser tube 2 is excited by a microwave introduced from awaveguide 1, and electric field concentration occurs in a slit-shaped gap 3 provided in a plate member 11c, causing plasma discharge.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /CCL372-59.html (2146 words)

	Defense Tech: Laser Planes' Pains
		The bits about the problems facing the beam-firing 747, the Airborne Laser, and the blaster-equipped cargo plane, the Advanced Tactical Laser, are particularly juicy.
		The USAF's other airborne COIL project is the ATL [Advanced Tactical Laser], which has a budget of $200 million [and] is due for high-power flight tests in mid-2007, aboard an C-130H platform.
		The attractions of a solid-state laser - which uses a solid transmissive material as the lasing medium - are clear, notes AFRL's Hamil: the 'magazine' can be as deep as the aircraft's fuel tanks (which can be replenished in flight) and there are no exotic fuels to handle and no chemical exhaust.
	www.defensetech.org /archives/002203.html (591 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Boeing YAL-1
		After that the main laser is fired for 3 to 5 seconds from a turret located on the aircraft's nose, causing the missile to break up in flight near its launch area.
		The heart of the system is the COIL, which is composed of six interconnected modules, each as large as a SUV turned on-end.
		The SIL was built primarily to test the COIL at a simulated operational altitude, and during that phase of the program, the laser was operated over 50 times, achieving lasing durations representative of actual operational engagements.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Airborne_Laser (1348 words)

	Air Force Technology - ABL YAL 1A - Airborne Laser
		The COIL laser is to begin installation in late 2007.
		The primary laser beam is generated by a megawatt Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL) located at the rear of the fuselage, which lases at 1.315 micron wavelength.
		The laser beam is locked onto the missile, which is destroyed near its launch area within seconds of lock-on.
	www.airforce-technology.com /projects/abl (1122 words)

	REACH OUT AND FRY SOMEONE: The Airborne Laser
		The Nb:YAG laser was selected to fill this role because of its high power output and the need to differentiate it from the returning pulses of the TILL lasers.
		This computer-driven reflector is equipped with 341 individual actuators that operate at 1,000 Hz to shape the outgoing COIL pulse to reduce the effects of optical turbulence, beam diffraction and wavefront distortions.
		Stabilizing the lasers as the aircraft flies through the air at 600 knots will be the responsibility of the nose mounted tracking turret, which must be able to make rapid multi-axis corrections to the beam's attitude to compensate for aircraft motion.
	www.military.com /soldiertech/0,14632,Soldiertech_ABL,,00.html (1936 words)

	FAQ
		The size of lasers varies from the US Army's MIRACL which is the size of a small refinery to the Direct Diode laser which is about of the size of a shoe box (shown below).
		Laser drilling is faster so the system is on location for a shorter period of time, thus minimizing interruptions to the natural ecosystems and reducing drilling objections for local residents.
		It is envisioned that the laser system would have a smaller environmental footprint and the use of hazardous chemical would be greatly reduced.
	www.mines.edu /laser/FAQ.htm (1756 words)

	Advanced Tactical Laser - Popular Science
		Tests by lead contractor Boeing have demonstrated that the laser has enough power to function as a weapon, and that the chemical exhaust, which could pose a considerable threat to the weapon’s operators and individuals on the ground, can be safely contained in a sealed system.
		Laser weapons are a relative bargain compared with existing long-range weapons: They’re expected to cost $8,000 per shot versus up to hundreds of thousands for missiles.
		Lasers are also tunable, which adds versatility: When less-than-lethal force is required, such as in urban areas or when hostages are present, the beam’s duration can be reduced so that it disables technology but only injures people.
	www.popsci.com /popsci/technology/generaltechnology/49769aa138b84010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html (703 words)

	Global Network - Military turning to lasers for defense - 4/4/02
		The $13 billion Airborne Laser System program, dating to the 1970s, involves using a modified Boeing 747 with various lasers directed out of its nose cone to spot, track and destroy enemy missiles shortly after they have launched.
		The laser that will eventually destroy the target is a chemical oxygen-iodine laser, equivalent to more than 1 million watts of electrical power.
		Solvang resident Fred Kovol told military representatives his primary concern is pollution associated with the tests, and San Luis Obispo resident Sheila Baker wanted the military to know of her worries about the tests' effects on the air, soil and water.
	www.space4peace.org /articles/militarylasers.htm (534 words)

	Ryze business networking
		In Beason’s view, Active Denial Technology, the Airborne Laser program and the THEL project, as well as supporting technologies such as relay mirrors, are all works in progress that give reason for added support and priority funding.
		Most high-powered chemical lasers — in the megawatt-class — require onboard fuels and oxidizers to crank out the amount of energy useful for strategic applications.
		Late last year, speaking before the Heritage Foundation in Washington, Beason told his audience that laser energy, the power sources and beam control, as well as knowledge about how laser beams interact with Earth’s atmosphere, are quite mature technologies that are ready for the shift into front-line warfare status.
	www.ryze.com /posttopic.php?topicid=621909&confid=1830 (1142 words)

	Defense Tech: GOOD NEWS FOR LASER JET
		The program's goal is to mount a high-energy, chemical laser onto a 747 jet, so it can shoot down incoming missiles.
		Until this week, laser beams capable of destroying objects from a distance could be generated only using chambers that would fill a 15-story building.
		The Airborne Laser is one of several Pentagon ray gun efforts moving ahead.
	www.defensetech.org /archives/001212.html (389 words)

	SPACE.com -- The Power of Light: An Airborne Laser for Missile Defense
		Under development since 1996, the $1.1-billion ABL project aims to use a powerful, turret-mounted laser to disable enemy ballistic missiles during their boost phase by heating a basket-ball sized portion of the projectile's skin until it buckles.
		While the primary weapon behind the ABL missile defense system is its Chemical, Oxygen, Iodine Laser (COIL), the aircraft is equipped with three other lasers and six infrared sensors that detect, track and target enemy targets.
		The COIL system is fueled by a syrupy mix of hydrogen, oxygen and salts that combine to make Basic Hydrogen Peroxide, a volatile compound about 20 times more viscous than water, MDA officials said.
	www.space.com /businesstechnology/airborne_laser_techwed_041117.html (1024 words)

	Israel Develops Chemical Super-Laser - Good News - Israel News - Arutz Sheva
		The development of a Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser is noted as one of the significant breakthroughs of 2003 by Aerospace America, the journal of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
		“Laser development is moving ahead in a number of countries, including the U.S. Russia, China, Japan and Germany,” the head of the research team at BGU, Professor Zamik Rosenwaks explained to Israel21c.com, “however, in these countries, most of the lasers being developed are extremely large in size.
		The Israeli-developed laser uses nitrogen as a dilutent, instead of helium, which is usually used in chemical lasers.
	www.israelnationalnews.com /News/News.aspx/55388 (530 words)

	Sci Tech News - from ABC News Online 29/10/2006 US hails airborne laser as weapons milestone
		The Airborne Laser has been developed at a cost so far of about $A4.6 billion with the aim of destroying, at the speed of light, all classes of ballistic missiles shortly after their launch.
		"If a laser can be developed with enough power to penetrate the atmosphere and still be lethal once it reaches a target, an enemy would only need to put a reflective coating on the outside of its missiles to bounce off the laser beam, making it harmless," he said.
		Engineers are to start installing a high-energy chemical oxygen iodine laser on the modified jumbo jet next year, with the first missile intercept test to take place in late 2008.
	www.abc.net.au /science/news/scitech/SciTechRepublish_1775995.htm (483 words)

	SIGHTINGS
		The laser's fuel consists of the same chemicals found in hair bleach and Drano - hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide - which are then combined with chlorine gas and water.
		The laser operates at an infrared wavelength of 1.315 microns, which is invisible to the eye.
		By recycling chemicals, building with plastics and using a unique cooling process, the COIL team was able to make the laser lighter and more efficient while - at the same time - increasing its power by 400 percent in five years.
	www.rense.com /ufo/lasersys.htm (1471 words)

	Airborne Laser: History
		Although it had shown that a laser mounted on an aircraft could be a formidable defensive weapon, it was generally viewed as impractical.
		Its carbon dioxide laser was too bulky, it was dependent on an external power source, and it did not generate enough power to be effective at extended ranges.
		A number of times more powerful than the ALL's gas dynamic laser, the COIL had an internal power source, it was much more compact, and it was capable of producing a lethal beam over long distances.
	www.boeing.com /special/abl/history (1004 words)

	11/13/04: Missile defense is inevitable
		The Airborne Laser is being developed to detect, track and destroy missiles soon after they launch, known as the boost phase.
		The tested laser, called the Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser, or COIL, would be deployed on a modified Boeing 747-400 freighter aircraft.
		The COIL is made of optics equipment and six modules, each one the size of a Suburban turned on its end and weighing 6,500 pounds.
	www.mrcranky.com /movies/afterthesunset/24.html (609 words)

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