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	2d Chemical Battalion
		It was redesignated for the 2d Chemical Mortar Battalion on 26 February 1951.
		It was redesignated for the 2d Chemical Weapons Battalion on 3 August 1953.
		It was reinstated and redesignated effective 1 September 1981, for the 2d Chemical Battalion.
	www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil /Chem/2ChemicalBattalion.htm (481 words)

	Chemical mortar battalion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chemical mortars are so named because of their capability of firing not only high explosive, but also chemical, gas, incendiary, and smoke marker shells.
		The 4.2 in (107 mm) chemical mortar was developed from the British World War 1 Stokes mortar that in its turn had evolved to prevail against the random effect of the gas clouds that in adverse weather would affect friend and foe alike with sometimes disastrous results in the trench-warfare conditions at the time.
		In 1943, the mortar was adopted by the chemical mortar battalions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chemical_mortar_battalion (705 words)

	Combat Support in Korea
		The battalion was attached to the 2d, 7th, and 24th Infantry Divisions, the 1st Cavalry Division, the ROK 6th Division, and the British 27th Commonwealth Brigade.
		Although a chemical mortar battalion is designed to deliver massed fire, in Korea the rough terrain, the broad fronts, and the regimental combat team type of fighting made this impossible.
		Battalion did its best to stretch the limited transportation by adding trucks directly to the mortar companies and by maintaining forward ammunition dumps, but these moves were inadequate when all three companies were firing for sustained periods.
	www.kmike.com /Support/Support1_3.htm (4814 words)

	The Jungle Fighting Battalion
		The baseplate, at 175 lbs., was the heaviest, usually a 2-man load, although one of the troopers in the 2nd platoon, Co. C, 82nd CMB, gained the nickname "Baseplate" for frequently grabbing it by the extended handles and throwing it across his back.
		Certainly, the 6x6 2-1/2 ton trucks were used to move mortars and ammunition as far as possible on existing trails, from which point the carts were employed to their maximum advantage.
		One or more Japs had burrowed into the base of the tree and may have dug upward into the tree, a technique previously used in the 37th Division sector that was combatted by running a long hose from a fuel truck, pumping in several gallons of gasoline, then igniting the gas.
	www.4point2.org /butler1.htm (1386 words)

	Chemical mortar battalion -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Most battalions, however, were active during the (A war between North and South Korea; South Korea was aided by the United States and other members of the United Nations; 1950-1953) Korean War
		Chemical shells were on stand-by during World War II, to be used if enemy first-strike employment of (Chemical substances that can be delivered using munitions and dispersal devices to cause death or severe harm to people and animals and plants) chemical weapons demanded their application as a retaliatory means of action.
		The mortars were transported in mortar carts, (A car suitable for traveling over rough terrain) jeeps, in island engagements in the (The largest ocean in the world) Pacific by boat, and in difficult terrain by (Sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse) mule.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ch/chemical_mortar_battalion.htm (574 words)

	wwii
		On this occasion the battalion took up prepared positions the night before and at dawn all mortars in the battalion fired what was then considered an enormous number of rounds of WP and FS; even the now-forgotten Livens projectors were fired.
		The battalion was reorganized under a new Table of Organization on February 14, 1944, and the 376 men rendered surplus by this reorganization were transferred in grade to the 92nd Chemical Battalion then being formed.
		Though numerous casualties were suffered, men of the 81st Chemical Battalion were not deterred from the accomplishment of their mission, and upon reaching shore with the loss of only one mortar, continued in support of the infantry for twelve days without relief.
	members.aol.com /wolfden46/wwii.htm (22230 words)

	83'd Chemical Mortar Battalion
		The 4.2" mortar battalions provided chemical warfare (White Phosphrous, smoke, and gas) support to Army divisions and were especially effective in support of Darby's Ranger Battalions.
		As a result of the HE round development the chemical mortars were available to provide welcome heavy mortar support for the infantry by 1943.
		By the fall of 1944 there were sufficient battalions in the ETO to allow for a normal assignment of one company per infantry division.
	darbysrangers.tripod.com /id111.htm (223 words)

	Combat Support in Korea: Part III
		The battalion was attached to the 2d, 7th, and 24th Infantry Divisions, the 1st Cavalry Division, the ROK 6th Division, and the British 27th Commonwealth Brigade.
		Although a chemical mortar battalion is designed to deliver massed fire, in Korea the rough terrain, the broad fronts, and the regimental combat team type of fighting made this impossible.
		Battalion did its best to stretch the limited transportation by adding trucks directly to the mortar companies and by maintaining forward ammunition dumps, but these moves were inadequate when all three companies were firing for sustained periods.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/korea/22_1_3.htm (4695 words)

	82nd Chemical Battalion
		The mission of the 82nd Chemical Battalion is to train and provide disciplined, confident, motivated, physically fit, technically and tactically proficient soldiers for worldwide assignment, embracing the Army values, capable of immediately contributing to their units mission, and succeeding in any environment.
		The 82nd Chemical Battalion was originally constituted on 12 March 1942 in the Army of the United States, and activated on 25 April 1942 at Fort Bliss, TX.
		The unit reorganized and was redesignated on 16 August 1944 as the 82nd Chemical Battalion, Motorized; and on 16 March 1945 as the 82nd Chemical Mortar Battalion.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/agency/army/82chem.htm (163 words)

	Cisterna di Latina; 1944
		A and B of the 83'd Chemical Mortar Battalion landed in the city of Anzio.
		The night of Jan. 26, the follow up an LST (landing ship tank or truck) loaded with Headquarters of the 83'd Chemical Mortar Battalion and companies C and D, was sunk by enemy action.
		The surviving members of the 1st and 3rd Battalions were for the most part; tranported to Stalag IIB POW Camp; Hammerstein Prussia.
	darbysrangers.tripod.com /id6.htm (2396 words)

	NBC-Links.com: Jim Placke's NBC Links.
		Chemical and Biological Defense Information Analysis Center The CBIAC is a full service Department of Defense (DoD) Information Analysis Center (IAC) under contract to the Office of the Secretary of Defense and administratively managed by the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC).
		Chemical Corps This site is on the Adjutant General's page and provides the history of the branch insignia, branch plaque, regimental insignia, regimental coat of arms, symbolism of the regimental insignia, branch colors, and birthday.
		The paper focuses primarily on the German offensive use of chemical agents (gas), defensive measures of the Allies, Germany's use of various chemicals and their delivery systems, and also mentions the number of casualties that Germany caused by using gas and the psychological effect it had on the Allied soldiers.
	www.nbc-links.com /index2.html (2950 words)

	content (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The 2nd Chemical Battalion will be the best trained, most modern chemical battalion capable of rapidly deploying to conduct relevant, indispensable NBC defense and obscuration operations across the full spectrum of conflict.
		This operation presented special situations for the Battalion as elements became part of the airborne invasion force utilizing gliders and then, once landed, the remainder of the battalion fought for several days as infantry with two other mortar battalions to protect the right flank of the VI Corps.
		Prior to this, on 23 January 1953, the Battalion was redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 2d Chemical Battalion and restationed at Dugway, Utah.
	www.hood.army.mil /13Coscom/64thcsg/2nd/index_2chem.html (1109 words)

	2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion - US Army - Korean War Project
		When the 2nd Cml Mortar Bn was redesignated on 23 Jan 1953, the 461st Inf Bn (Heavy Mortar) was activated and took over all of the men and equipment of the 2nd Cml Mortar Bn and continued to operate as a separate battalion with no change in mission.
		Bernie Montoya 2nd Chemical Bn On Sun, 17 Nov 1996 AEspinoza@aol.com wrote: Would like to hear from anyone who was with a chemical mortar battalion from Maryland.
		2nd Chemical Bn On Sun, 25 May 1997 Robert L Bighouse janierlb@aol.com wrote: 615 Bendwood Dr. Houston, TX 77024-4027 Was member of 2nd Chemical Mortar Bn in Korea from aug 51 to Aug 52.
	www.koreanwar.org /html/units/2chem.htm (2313 words)

	Chemical Mortar Battalions
		Firing primarily white phosphorus (WP) projectiles to create smoke screens and high explosive (HE) shells for the usual tactical purposes, with 36 4.2” (107mm) mortars to a battalion, chemical mortar battalions packed a punch essentially equal to an entire division artillery brigade’s three 105mm howitzers, albeit at shorter range.
		The crew of a 2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion M2 4.2" mortar fires in support of advancing elements of the 100th Infantry Division, 6 December 1944.
		There is also a nested organization chart depicting the generic organization of a WWII chemical mortar battalion, which was common to all three battalions that supported the 100th.
	www.100thww2.org /support/cm/cm.html (359 words)

	2nd Chemical Battalion
		The 2d Chemical Battalion was orignally constituted on 15 August 1917 in the Regular Army as the 30th Engineer Regiment (Gas and Flame), and organized from 30 August-28 November 1917 at Camp American University, District of Columbia.
		The unit was reconstituted on 7 November 1951 in the Regular Army; and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Chemical Mortar Battalion, with the consolidated unit designated as the 2d Chemical Mortar Battalion.
		Headquarters, 2d Chemical Weapons Battalion, was reorganized and redesignated on 7 January 1958 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 2d Chemical Battalion (Companies A, B, and C concurrently disbanded at Dugway Proving Ground, UT).
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/agency/army/2chem.htm (303 words)

	The Guidon
		Tremeshia Ellis The 82nd Chemical Battalion's memorial and a special exhibit honoring the late Sgt. Clarence Harden, are displayed at Memorial Grove.
		The 82nd Chemical Mortar Battalion during each of its those campaigns fired more than 200,000 rounds of ammunition, saw 15 Soldiers killed in action, and 139 wounded in support of two Army Corps and eight total divisions.
		This was a very special moment for the battalion since relatives of actual members of the battalion in World War II could take part in the ceremony, along with the newest members of the Chemical Corps present for their Rites of Passage ceremony.
	www.flw-guidon.com /news/82nd1023.html (350 words)

	Shoulder Patches
		Many chemical mortar battalions had their own shoulder patch, proudly worn by the men in those units, even though such patch may not have been officially authorized by the Deparment of the Army (patches were rarely authorized for units smaller than division).
		Obviously the 461st Inf Bn (Heavy Mortar) was not a chemical mortar battalion.
		In January of 1953, the 2nd was disbanded and the 461st was organized, the latter taking over all the men and equipment of the 2nd, and continuing with the same mission and methods of operation until the signing of the armistice in July of that year.
	www.4point2.org /patches.htm (405 words)

	CML Army Chemical Review: 83d Chemical Battalion Activates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The 83d Chemical Battalion originally was organized as the 83d Chemical Mortar Battalion and activated at Camp Gordon, Georgia, on 10 June 1942.
		The battalion distinguished itself by supporting units such as Darby's Rangers, the 82d Airborne Division, the 101st Airborne Division, the 509th Parachute Infantry Battalion, and the 2d and 41st British Commandos.
		The 83d Chemical Battalion is attached to the Warrior Brigade and retains a war-traced and training alignment with the 59th and 101st Chemical Companies and the XVIII Airborne Corps.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IUN/is_2001_Feb/ai_80321707 (781 words)

	The Sinking of the LST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		All were members of the 83rd Chemical Battalion, Motorized, which was later renamed the 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion.
		Most of the men of the 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion were asleep in the tank deck, which was the first to flood.
		Its hold was heavily loaded with white phosphorus mortar rounds which the unit used effectively to throw barrages of short range fire power into the laps of the German and Italian forces guarding the mountainous approaches to Rome.
	www.dvrbs.com /LST-422.htm (3302 words)

	U.S. Army Chemical Mortar Battalions
		Mortar gunboats: amphibious employment of the 4.2" chemical mortar
		CMB: Travelogue of the 88th Cml Mortar Bn, by Raymond B. Whitaker
		In WWII, I served with two chemical mortar battalions: the 87th CMB in training and then the 97th CMB in training and in combat in Europe.
	www.4point2.org (1855 words)

	CML Army Chemical Review: Veterans from the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion look back 60 years to D-Day (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		To mark this anniversary, the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion gathered at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, 3-6 June.
		Of the eight distinguished service crosses given to the Chemical Corps, six were awarded to the 81st--four for actions against the enemy on D-Day.
		The US Army Chemical School and the Chemical Corps Regimental Association honored the veterans with a dining out, memorial service, K-ration lunch, tours, and a view of training (provided by the 3d Chemical Brigade).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IUN/is_2004_Oct/ai_n7069354 (695 words)

	Philip J. Franklin WWII Veteran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Uncle Phil was a Sergeant in the 80th Chemical Mortar Battalion.
		He was a gunner on a 4.2 Mortar it was his job to aim the gun, his squad leader injured his back due to heavy lifting at
		The 80th Chemical Mortar Battalion was activated on June 30, 1944 at Camp Swift, Texas, it was inactivated on Feb. 1, 1946 at
	members.aol.com /mzkitey4/Worldwarveterans.html (433 words)

	CML Army Chemical Review: "We did not feel we were heroes": the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion on Omaha ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		CML Army Chemical Review: "We did not feel we were heroes": the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion on Omaha Beach, 6 June 1944
		In the archives of the U.S. Army Chemical School, we recently found several boxes of documents and photographs relating to the 81st Chemical Battalion (Motorized) (1) and its service in World War II.
		In the weeks leading to the expected date of invasion, the battalion engaged in briefings; issued necessary equipment, rations, and ammunition; and waterproofed their vehicles and mortars.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IUN/is_2004_April/ai_n6120819 (1512 words)

	Trafford Publishing: The Mortarmen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The battalion was armed with the powerful 4.2 mortars and following its landing on Utah Beach on D-Day fought in every major engagement in France, Belgium, and Germany.
		The 4.2 mortar battalions were the most sought after fire support units in Europe.
		The 87th was in combat for 326 days and the book follows each of the four companies as they participate in the Battle for Normandy, the fight for Cherbourg, the battles of Aachen and the Hurtgen Forest, the Battle of the Bulge, and finally the crossing of the Rhine and the final victory in Germany.
	www.trafford.com /04-2710 (527 words)

	Bakercityherald.com
		The 2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion dealt with high explosives, including white phosphorus, which burns when exposed to air and creates a dense white smoke.
		The mortar shells weighed 25 pounds apiece and the guns were a hefty 500 pounds.
		Though Edvalson says the battalion had "cushy" moments — such as a supply of fresh cheese and bakery bread while stationed in southern France — they also had their share of tragedy.
	www.bakercityherald.com /news/story.cfm?story_no=2906 (1102 words)

	The Memory Hole > "Summary History of the Chemical Corps: 25 June 1950 - 8 September 1951"
		From page 5: "General McAuliffe feels that the Chemical Corps, so far, has made two substantial contributions to the fighting in Korea, namely, the supply of napalm and maintenance of napalm facilities for the air and ground forces, and the combat support by the 2d Chemical Mortar Battalion."
		From page 10: "The outbreak of war in Korea and the Stevenson Committee's report (Secretary of Defense Ad Hoc Committees on Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Warfare) caused the R and D budget to be increased from $10,000,000 to $30,000,000.
		Agent TX was the first anti-crop pathogen standardized by the Chemical Corps.
	thememoryhole.org /mil/chem-corps/history.htm (549 words)

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