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Topic: Chemical process

	Chemical engineering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chemical engineering is the application of science, in particular chemistry, along with mathematics and economics to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.
		The movement of mass and energy around a chemical process are evaluated using Mass balances and energy balances which apply these laws to whole plants, unit operations or discrete parts of equipment.
		Chemical engineers are now engaged in the development and production of a diverse range of products, as well as in commodity and specialty chemicals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chemical_engineering (577 words)

	Process - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A process may be identified by the changes it creates in the properties of one or more objects under its influence.
		In SSADM a process is a part of a data flow diagram, and represents an action performed on the data.
		A chemical process is a series of unit operations used to produce a material in large quantities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Process (665 words)

	Chemical Process Operator Profile
		Chemical process operators tend or control machinery to create changes or reactions in chemicals during the processing of raw materials into industrial or consumer products, such as detergents, soap, emulsifiers, cosmetics, paints, fertilizers, acids, bleaching agents and lubricant.
		Chemical process operators may also operate or tend auxiliary equipment, such as heaters, scrubbers, filters, or dryers, to prepare or further process materials.
		Chemical process operators usually work in areas that are well lighter and ventilated to reduce the build-up of chemical odors and dust.
	www.delta.edu /jobplace/CareerProfiles/chemicalprocessprofile.html (824 words)

	Systematic Methods for Chemical Process Design, 1/e
		Process design is one of the more exciting activities that a chemical engineer can perform.
		The emphasis is on the application of strategies for preliminary design, on the systematic development of representations for process synthesis, and on the development of mathematical models for simulation and optimization for their use in computer-based solution techniques.
		Ignacio Grossmann is grateful to the School of Chemical Engineering at Cornell University and to the Centre for Process Systems Engineering at Imperial College for having provided time and financial support for his sabbatical leaves in 1986Ð1987, and 1993Ð1994, respectively, in which most of the chapters on Part IV were written.
	www.prenhall.com /ptrbooks/preface/ptr_pref_0134924223p.html (1036 words)

	OSHA TECHNICAL MANUAL - SECTION IV: CHAPTER 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In chemical desalting, water and chemical surfactant (demulsifiers) are added to the crude, heated so that salts and other impurities dissolve into the water or attach to the water, and then held in a tank where they settle out.
		There are several processes in use for solvent dewaxing, but all have the same general steps, which are: (1) mixing the feedstock with a solvent, (2) precipitating the wax from the mixture by chilling, and (3) recovering the solvent from the wax and dewaxed oil for recycling by distillation and steam stripping.
		In a typical low-temperature process, the feed to the isomerization plant is n-butane or mixed butanes mixed with hydrogen (to inhibit olefin formation) and passed to the reactor at 230°-340° F and 200-300 psi.
	www.osha-slc.gov /dts/osta/otm/otm_iv/otm_iv_2.html (10392 words)

	US - Biotechnological and Chemical Process Patents
		In addition it is required that the composition and the process at the time they were invented were owned by the same person or subject to an obligation of assignment to the same entity.
		Although the claim at issue in Durden was for a chemical process, the patenting of biotechnological processes was also affected by the Durden decision.
		The notice states that a patentee may file a reissue application to permit consideration of process claims which qualify for §103(b) treatment "if a patent is granted on an application entitled to the benefit of §103(b) without an election having been made as a result of error without deceptive intent".
	www.ladas.com /BULLETINS/1996/0896Bulletin/US2.0896.html (658 words)

	Chemical process factors in a minilab. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Information about the process is acquired through the densitometric measurement of the processed control strips by means of a densitometer, and the comparison of this information to a standard (reference control strips).
		Processing Factors directly affect the performance level or efficiency of the processing solutions in the chemical processes.
		Processing factor specifications are typically predetermined and published by the major manufacturers of film, paper and chemicals.
	www.sapiensman.com /minilabs (395 words)

	9232 Petroleum, Gas and Chemical Process Operators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Petroleum, gas and chemical process operators monitor and operate petroleum, petrochemical and chemical plants and monitor, adjust and maintain processing units and equipment in these plants.
		Experience as a petroleum or chemical process operator in all the operating units controlled by the central control room is required for chief operators.
		Mobility to other petroleum or chemical processing plants is possible, but may be limited by the usual practice of training and promoting workers from within the establishment.
	www23.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca /2001/e/groups/9232.shtml (405 words)

	Chemical engineers
		Chemical engineers build a bridge between science and manufacturing, applying the principles of chemistry and engineering to solve problems involving the production or use of chemicals.
		Chemical engineers also work in a variety of manufacturing industries other than chemical manufacturing, such as those producing electronics, photographic equipment, clothing, and pulp and paper.
		Although overall employment in the chemical manufacturing industry is expected to decline, chemical companies will continue to research and develop new chemicals and more efficient processes to increase output of existing chemicals.
	stats.bls.gov /oco/ocos029.htm (565 words)

	PROCESS Worldwide online - portal for know-how in chemical and pharmaceutical engineering
		Process Worldwide-02-2005 - SSP Pumps is a world leader in positive-displacement rotary lobe pumps (RLPs).
		Process Worldwide-04-2004 - The Vegaflex 67 level and interface sensor is the latest addition to the Plics instrument family from Vega Grieshaber.
		The travel times of the reflected pulses are used to calculate the level of the upper liquid surface and of the interface between two immiscible liquids.
	www.process-worldwide.com (253 words)

	Portfolio-Patent Infringement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For a case in which the defendant admitted infringement of a chemical processing patent, but developed an improved process outside the claims of the patent, a jury decided that the improvement was non-infringing and allowed the defendant to continue marketing its products.
		At issue was plaintiff’s improvement of a process that was patented (and subsequently validated by the same jury), by defendant.
		Three important variations from the plaintiff’s process needed to be graphically illustrated within the context of a chemical processing plant.
	www.legalarts.com /pages/clients_cases/IPPatentInfringe/archemica.htm (227 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes, Second Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Whether developing the grass roots plant, proposing and guiding process modifications, or troubleshooting and implementing operational strategies for existing equipment, engineering design requires a broad spectrum of knowledge and intellectual skills to be able to analyze the big picture and the minute details and, most importantly, to know when to concentrate on each.
		Our vehicle for helping students develop and hone their design skills is process design rather than plant design, covering synthesis of the entire chemical process through topics relating to the preliminary sizing of equipment, flowsheet optimization, economic evaluation of projects, and the operation of chemical processes.
		The purpose of this text is to assist chemical engineering students in making the transition from solving well-posed problems in a specific subject to integrating all the knowledge that they have gained in their undergraduate education and applying it to solving open-ended process problems.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0130647926?v=glance (1693 words)

	Oulun yliopisto \| kemiallinen prosessitekniikka
		The CPElab gives modern chemical engineering education and aims at making a high level scientific contribution for the research in the field of conceptual chemical process design.
		The common objective of both education and research is to add alertness and know-how to face increasing interdiciplinary challenges.
		To commit this mission the lab has taken the responsibility to develop and introduce a new way of thinking in chemical process engineering for strengthening the role of deep knowledge and for systematizing conceptual design.
	cc.oulu.fi /~pokemwww (81 words)

	History of ChEn: Setting the Stage
		The "chemical engineer" of these years was either a mechanical engineer who had gained some knowledge of chemical process equipment, a chemical plant foreman with a lifetime of experience but little education, or an applied chemist with knowledge of large scale industrial chemical reactions.
		This was because during the final stage of the process, nitrate (in the form of nitric oxide) was lost to the atmosphere thereby necessitating a make-up stream of fresh nitrate.
		It set limits for chemical emissions in an attempt to reduce the pollution that had devastated the "Midland" region of England for nearly a century and a half.
	www.pafko.com /history/h_1888.html (2712 words)

	Chemical process developed to use cotton gin residue
		"Our work shows a manufacturing process for extracting both products simultaneously from the cotton residue so in the future it is possible that a manufacturing company operating in Southside Virginia could produce both the ethanol and the xylitol products," Agblevor said.
		Along with students and technicians at Virginia Tech’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Agblevor has taken the cotton gin residue and successfully chemically processed the material.
		The processes allow them to extract the glucose that can be used to make ethanol and the xylose that can be made into xylitol.
	www.innovations-report.com /html/reports/life_sciences/report-38061.html (445 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Chemical
		As a noun, the common definition of chemical is a substance that is produced or used in a process (reaction) involving changes to atoms or molecules.
		For example, steel coils which are cut and processed, castings which are subsequently ground or welded upon, bricks that are dry sawed or drilled, carbide blades which are sharpened, are all examples of products which contain chemicals which, if available for exposure, are covered by the HCS.
		As an adjective, "chemical" means "of or pertaining to chemistry".
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/chemical.html (465 words)

	OSHA's thinking on addressing reactive chemical process safety
		And, of course, chemicals are important to many other industries in the U.S. as well.
		This is a diagnostic tool that helps employers determine whether they have chemical reactive hazards in their workplace.
		And process tanks are clearly covered under the PSM standard.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=SPEECHES&p_id=730 (1726 words)

	Science Technology Chemical Engineering Process Measurement and Control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Adaptive Chemical Process Control - The work reported here is part of a collaboration between Los Alamos National Laboratory and DuPont to develop new adaptive control techniques and test the techniques on chemical pilot plants.
		Intelligent process modelling and control - A summary of the research at the Process Engineering Department of the University of Veszprem (Hungary).
		The PID Algorithm for the Process Industries - A description of the PID algorithm, as commonly used by the process industries, written by David W. St. Clair.
	www.iper1.com /iper1-odp/scat/id/Science/Technology/Chemical_Engineering/Process_Measurement_and_Control (706 words)

	Process Associates of America: Process Tools (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Most of the process engineering tools provided here are NOT suitable for real-life plant operation and/or design purposes.
		They are meant as a teaching aid for chemical engineering students and should not be used without applying careful and sound engineering judgement.
		Process Associates of America will be continually adding more tools to this section.
	www.processassociates.com /process/tools.htm (109 words)

	Open Directory - Science: Technology: Chemical Engineering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chemical Science Division - Oak Ridge National Laboratory - The mission is to create solutions to a broad spectrum of separations and chemical processing needs.
		The History of Chemical Engineering - Contains an introduction to chemical engineering and a brief history of the profession.
		Kolmetz.com - Chemical engineering consulting firm presents a collection of publications and presentations on various process engineering and design topics, from distillation and process optimization to catalyst selection and troubleshooting.
	dmoz.org /Science/Technology/Chemical_Engineering (641 words)

	Center for Chemical Process Safety
		Welcome to CCPS - Your biggest and best source of Process Safety information and tools.
		And your best opportunity to partner with industry leaders to advance Process Safety in Industry.
		Learn how CCPS member service providers can help you solve your process safety problems.
	www.aiche.org /ccps (174 words)

	Gene found only in men is altered by a chemical process, which is in turn linked to aggressive forms of melanoma
		The research carried out by scientists in UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research shows that a gene found only in men is altered by a chemical process, which is in turn linked to aggressive forms of melanoma.
		Dr Gallagher and his team have discovered that a common feature among a significant percentage of these genes is that they have been chemically altered by a process called DNA methylation.
		One of these genes turned off by this process, TSPY, is located only on the male Y chromosome and, for the first time, may provide a molecular clue to the commonly held belief that men are not only more likely to develop melanoma but that it tends to be more aggressive.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=13958 (460 words)

	KBS Consultants ChemicalEngineer jobs Chemical Engineer Jobs Employment Recruiting India jobs Overseas jobs
		In this position, you will be a key member of a team of engineers and scientists responsible for developing and scaling up process engineering solutions for the chemical synthesis of early and late-stage development compounds, transferring processing technology to manufacturing, and providing process engineering consulting services to Technical Operations.
		To qualify, you must have either a BE / BS / B Tech in Chemical Engineering with a minimum of 10 years of relevant experience, an MS with 8 years of experience, or a Ph.D. with 6 years of experience in the chemical processing industry.
		Good general industrial process knowledge and strong interest in conducting research and development on advanced fermentation and bioreactor technologies, tissue engineering, and cell culturing; including mammalian cells, fungi, plant cells, insect cells, etc. Interests and capabilities to include reactor technology development, reactor equipment specification/design, instrumentation, experimental skills and working knowledge of laboratory and pilot operations.
	business.vsnl.com /kbsc/chemical.html (769 words)

	Chemical Process Control
		Preparative chromatography has been playing an important role as a separation and purification process in these industries wherever classical techniques such as distillation are not feasible.
		A remarkable breakthrough has been achieved by the development of continuous simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography for fine chemical separations, which allows to achieve significant advantages over batch chromatography in terms of process performance, namely a reduced desorbent consumption and a higher productivity per unit mass of stationary phase.
		The chemical process control group has undertaken the development of an SMB control concept.
	control.ee.ethz.ch /~disti (325 words)

	National Safety Council’s Crossroads -> Chem Process Safety -> Chemical Safety (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Assist with awareness of chemical hazards and improvements in their identification.
		The Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety's "Chemical Profiles" are summaries of the chemical, physical, and toxic properties of selected hazardous chemicals.
		Provides information on the Chemical weapons convention and other issues relating to toxic chemicals and chemical protection.
	www.nsc.org /xroads/1oldxroads/category.cfm?subj=9&cat=85 (434 words)

	The World-Wide Web Virtual Library: Chemical Engineering: Process Modeling
		Process modeling information resources relevant to chemical and process engineering.
		The consortium in Computer-Aided Process Design is an industrial body within the Engineering Design Research Center that deals with the development of methodologies and computer tools for process industries.
		Capabilities include chemical equilibrium, well-stirred reactor simulations, reaction balancing and thermochemistry, calculation of thermodynamic and transport properties, and execution of various thermodynamic processes.
	www.che.ufl.edu /WWW-CHE/topics/modeling.html (406 words)

	Galaxy Directory: Chemical Engineering < Chemistry < Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		From an alphabet of only four letters, representing the chemical subunits of DNA, emerges a syntax of life processes whose most complex expression is man. The unraveling and use of this "alphabet" to form new "words and phrases" is a central focus of the field of molecular biology.
		Chemical Abstracts Service, CAS, is the producer of Chemical Abstracts, SciFinder, SciFinder Scholar, and also operates STN International and the web based STN Easy online searching services which provide access to chemical and scientific information from some 200 databases covering topics such as chemistry, engineering, patents, medicine regulatory data and business.
		Welcome to the Process Improvement Laboratory at the University of Florida which focuses on studying and developing technologies for the continuous improvement of process systems.
	galaxy.einet.net /galaxy/Engineering-and-Technology/Chemical-Engineering.html (603 words)

	Chemical and Process Engineering
		Chemical engineering is concerned with the application of science to the design, construction and operation of processes in which materials undergo changes.
		Chemical Engineers are involved in developing new processes, synthesising new products and optimising the performance of existing process systems.
		We currently have 50 research projects operating with over £4.6 million of funding from government and industrial sources in the UK, the EU and the rest of the world.
	www.shef.ac.uk /cpe (95 words)

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