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Topic: Chenoua language

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	Berber language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Etymologically, it means "language of the free" or "of the noblemen." Traditionally, the term "tamazight" (in various forms: "thamazighth", "tamasheq", "tamajeq", "tamahaq") was used by many Berber groups to refer to the language they spoke, including the Middle Atlas, the Rif, Sened in Tunisia, and the Tuareg.
		The Berber languages have two cases of the noun, organized ergatively: one is unmarked, while the other serves for the subject of a transitive verb and the object of a preposition, among other contexts.
		Subclassification of the Berber languages is made difficult by their mutual closeness; Maarten Kossmann (1999) describes it as two dialect continua, Northern Berber and Tuareg, and a few peripheral languages, spoken in isolated pockets largely surrounded by Arabic, that fall outside these continua, namely Zenaga and the Libyan and Egyptian varieties.
	en.encyclopediahome.com /wiki/Berber_language (2033 words)

	ooBdoo
		Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with Bibles in their native language.
		The neutrality of Ethnologue as a scientific institution is sometimes disputed, for example in the classification of Semitic languages.
		For example, in Ethnologue, the speakers of Persian and Azerbaijani languages in Iran are estimated as 36% and 37%, respectively.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=Ethnologue (568 words)

	Chenoua language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chenoua (autonym: Haqbaylit̠) is the Zenati Berber language of Jebel Chenoua in Algeria, just west of Algiers near Tipasa and Cherchell.
		It is very closely similar to the Berber speech of the Beni Menacer nearby, and the name is thus sometimes extended to refer the Berber speech varieties of that whole area.
		Laoust, Etude sur le dialecte berbère du Chenoua, Algiers 1912.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chenoua_language (1379 words)

	Algeria: Religions & Peoples
		Algeria has, therefore, the strongest Berber culture of all countries with a Berber population, and Berber language lives on, but only as an everyday language (French is the administrative and cultural language for them, and many Berbers don't know very much Arabic).
		The distribution of languages are as follows: Algerian Arabic is spoken by about 83% of the population (1996 figures).
		Berber languages is the other large group, but consists of several variants: Kabyle spoken by 2,5 million (some sources say as many as 6 million) in the mountainous north of the country.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/algeria_4.htm (560 words)

	Languages of Algeria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Berber languages (or Berber language) are spoken in many parts of Algeria, but mainly in Kabylie and around Batna; according to the 1966 census, 19% of Algerians speak Berber.
		Despite the growth of Punic, Latin, and later Arabic, it remained the main language of Algeria until the invasion of the Banu Hilal in the 11th century.
		Latin itself, of course, was the language of the Roman occupation; it became widely spoken in the coastal towns, and Augustine attests that in his day it was gaining ground over Punic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Languages_of_Algeria (864 words)

	The Tamazight (Berber) language profile, par Karim Achab.
		Tamazight belongs to the African branch of the Afro-Asian language family, also referred to as Hamito-Semitic in the literature, along with ancient Egyptian and other African languages such as the ones called Cuchitic and Chadic languages, as opposed to the oriental or Semitic branch constituted of semitic languages.
		Given the similarities, the possibility that the substrata of these languages are African with an important eastern influence from Semitic languages is the most plausible, although a western influence of Semitic languages from the African branch, namely Egyptian, is not to be excluded.
		Despite the superficial ‘softening' of this policy in Algeria and Morocco by accepting Tamazight to be introduced in some universities, the Amazigh population is convinced that the objectives and the opinion of the arabo-islamist regimes have not changed at all.
	isegh.tripod.com /the_tamazight_language_profile_karimachab.htm (2973 words)

	Language
		Language families can be divided into smaller phylogenetic units, conventionally referred to as branches of the family, because the history of a language family is often represented as a tree diagram.
		Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
		A language isolated in its own branch within a family, such as Greek within Indo-European, is often also called an isolate, but such cases are usually clarified.
	www.angindia.com /biographyland/biography_language.html (454 words)

	The Tamazight (Berber) language profile
		The question as to whether these languages started in Africa or the Middle East along with the Semitic languages is still controversial and goes beyond the field of linguistics since it involves archaeology, as well as pre-history and paleontology.
		It is also spoken in the Chenoua region, from Cherchel to Tipasa, located in another department (Tipasa) and, as one heads south, in Haraoua, Metmata and Bel Halima, situated west of Algiers.
		Mali and Niger are the only countries where the local varieties are recognized as ‘national' and the governments have tentatively accepted to cooperate with UNESCO agencies to implement their programs of illiteracy elimination programs and help settle the nomadic population.
	www.waac.info /amazigh/language/achab_tamazight_language_profile.html (2974 words)

	Berber_language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Among the Berber languages are Tarifit or Riffi (northern Morocco), Kabyle (Algeria) and Tachelhit (central Morocco).
		Algeria: In 1906, the total population speaking Berber languages in Algeria (excluding the thinly populated Sahara) was estimated at 1,305,730 out of 4,447,149, ie 29%.
		Guanche Eastern Berber languages Siwa Awjila-Sokna languages Northern Berber languages Zenati languages Kabyle language Chenoua language Moroccan Atlas languages Tamasheq languages Northern Tamasheq languages Southern Tamasheq languages Zenaga language
	www.demandtwinother.info /Berber_language (2281 words)

	Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology - DZ Algerien, Algérie, Algeria - Sprache, Langue, Language
		ethnologue - Algerian - Language of DZ (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=arq
		ethnologue - Northern Shilha - Language of DZ (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rif
		ethnologue - Riff - Language of DZ (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rif
	www.etymologie.info /~e/d_/dz-sprach.html (970 words)

	La Nouba des Femmes, Reviews from US
		It is this verbal text – supported by the densely edited sound track – which is the core element of the film, and it was her success in this act of translation of feeling – from the women’s spoken Arabic to literary French – that unblocked her creative inspiration as a novelist.
		As we have seen, the French language, rather than allowing the author to escape the vicious circle, instead presents a further threat, that of alienation from the universe of the women’s quarters, and, by extension, the danger of violating the integrity of her own group:
		In her first film, La nouba des femmes du Mont Chenoua, the husband of the female protagnoist, Lila, is paralyzed as a result of falling from a horse.
	www.assiadjebar.net /cinema/nouba_us.htm (1586 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Culture \| In search of Algerian women (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		She left Algeria in the 1980s, having become disillusioned both with the regime and with its policy of "Arabisation", the compulsory use of the Arabic language, which she believed was impacting badly on Algerian intellectual life.
		The second is her decision to write in French and to carry out her excavations into Algerian women's history in that language, a decision now crowned by election to the Académie française.
		Often seen as a turning point in Djebar's writing career and a foretaste of her mature style, Femmes d'Alger appeared after a decade of silence, during which Djebar was searching for a clearer conception of her identity as a writer and of her relationship to French, her chosen medium.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/750/cu1.htm (944 words)

	list of languages - Anarchopedia
		Ethnologue lists about 6,800 main languages in its language name index (see the external link) and distinguishes about 41,000 alternate language names and dialects.
		This list deals with particular languages, and includes only natural and constructed languages spoken by humans.
		See List of spoken and sign languages beginning with the letter Z for about 50 more.
	eng.anarchopedia.org /index.php/list_of_languages (142 words)

	Assia Djebar
		She previously held the post of Distinguished Professor of French and Director of the Centre for French and Francophone Studies at Louisiana State University (1997-2001).
		It's at that point that I finally felt myself fully a writer of French language, while remaining deeply Algerian." Coming after a silence of ten years, the book was welcomed in critical circles.
		She won the Neustadt Prize for Contributions to World Literature in 1996 for perceptively crossing borders of culture, language, and history in her fiction and poetry.
	www.africacentre.org.uk /africanvisions2003assia.htm (1284 words)

	The Amazigh Voice, December 1995 - March 1996
		Used in Algeria (Chenoua, Ahaggar), Egypt (Siwa), and Libya (Ghat and Ghadames).
		The examination of the above word-list leads us to conclude that, in Tamazight, the word ``forehead'' derives from a triconsonantal root that contains a combination of the sounds ``n,'' ``y,'' and ``r'' which, although their positions appear to be unstable, are consistently present in about 42% of the cases listed here.
		This phenomenon, which exists in many languages, is known to be widely spread in Tamazight.
	www.glue.umd.edu /~sellami/DEC95/language.html (866 words)

	Berber Languages info here at en.my-widgets.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		While drinking more water is a good idea for everyone,Indeed Berber languages hot Berber languages Berber languages, too much water can beharmful to inchoatives 6 moments old and younger.
		According to Berber languages in Clinicians Reviews a 17 Berber languages of new mothersfound that Berber languages 25 percent give their striplings water atleast 3 times per week in the first day of life.
		Berber languages form a branch of the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family and.
	en.my-widgets.com /Berber_languages (2371 words)

	Assia Djebar
		In her later novels she has manipulated the French language, giving it the sounds and rhythms of Arabic.
		When Djebar started to write her autobiographical works, she had to overcome the "impersonality of French" and the fact, that she was using "the language of the Others".
		In 1997 she received the Yourcenar Prize and in 2000 the prestigious Friedenspreis des Deutschen Buchhandels.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /djebar.htm (1503 words)

	EveryTongue.com Language Recordings Main page
		Here is the list of languages that you can hear if you order the cassette tape.
		Here is a list of the languages that do not have a recording.
		Here you can listen to a recording in a language you know and then listen to the same recording in a language that you want to learn.
	www.everytongue.com (531 words)

	Jabal al-Lughat: Shawi blog
		Shawiyya (Chaouia) is a Zenati Berber language of eastern Algeria, spoken inland on the Sahara-facing side of the Atlas Mountains.
		Unlike the Kabyles, the Shawis, as their Arabic name suggests, were traditionally seminomadic (transhumant, to be exact); after independence, many seized the opportunity to settle down in the cities, and, from what I hear, this major change of lifestyle led to widespread language shift to Arabic.
		Ibn Hazm on language endangerment and the origin of language
	lughat.blogspot.com /2006/05/shawi-blog.html (344 words)

	Chenoua Website Translation :: Net Translators
		Website translation is one of the most cost effective methods of rapidly expanding your market in order to take full advantage of the international market the World Wide Web provides and get your business to boom globally.
		Chenoua Website translation ensures that your messages resonate with your potential customers.
		With all of the linguistic, cultural and technical aspects involved, Chenoua Website translation is a daunting project for any business to tackle alone.
	www.net-translators.com /safot/languages/website_translation/Chenoua_website_translation.asp (304 words)

	:::: Graduate Student Colloquium ::::
		In her film, La Nouba des femmes de Mont Chenoua, Djebar retells the interviews described in her novel, L’Amour, la fantasia, through the eyes of her self-representational character, Leila.
		He majors in Second Language pedagogy and program administration and his minor is in second language use.
		His interests are in the teaching of lexical units, speech acts and the use of technology for teaching second and foreign languages.
	www.coh.arizona.edu /french/sec_grad_colloq_abstracts.htm (2531 words)

	PanAfrLoc \| PanAfrLoc / Berber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		"The Berber branch of the Afro-Asiatic (Hamito-Semitic) language family, usually considered as a single language with many dialects, is for purposes of language learning (and by sociolinguistic criteria) more conveniently treated as a number of distinct languages, each with mutually intelligible dialects.
		However, other terms were used by other groups; for instance, many parts of western Algeria called their language 'taznatit' or Zenati, while the Kabyles called theirs 'thaqvaylith', the inhabitants of Siwa 'tasiwit', and the Zenaga 'Tuddhungiya' [http://www.rosettaproject.org/live/search/showpages?ethnocode=ZENanddoctype=detailandversion=0andscale=six].
		Tifinagh is the original script of these languages but they have also been transcribed using the Arabic script and in more recent history with modified Latin scripts.
	www.bisharat.net /wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Berber (889 words)

	Chenoua Medical Translation :: Net Translators
		Because medical translation demands total accuracy and zero tolerance for misinterpretation, we employ translators where their native language is Chenoua.
		In the US today, approximately 47 million Americans over the age of five -about a fifth of the population-speak a language other than English at home, almost half of these Americans do not speak English as their native tongue, but some may speak Chenoua, or a variety of other languages..
		Medical manufacturers must submit their technical documents, as well as their product labeling, operating instructions, and manuals in the local language (Chenoua) of the country where they will be used.
	www.net-translators.com /safot/languages/medical_translation/Chenoua_medical_translation.asp (340 words)

	French Calendar - Past Events for This Academic Year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The 98th conference of the Pacific Ancient and Modern Language Association will be held on the campus of the University of California, Los Angeles, from Friday, November 10th through Sunday, November 12th, 2000.
		Mary Jean Green is a scholar of twentieth-century French and Francophone literature, with a particular interest in issues of language and gender; the literature and culture of Quebec; the intersection of literature, history and politics in the 1930s and 1940s.
		She is also a filmmaker, "La Nouba des femmes du Mont Chenoua" was awarded Le Prix de la Critique Internationale at the Venice Film Festival in 1979, and "La Zerda ou les chants de l’oubli," a 1982 documentary, covered the early 20th century history of the Maghreb.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /calendar/0001/french.html (3078 words)

	PanAfrLoc \| PanAfrLoc / Algeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		For educational purposes, it is divided into Kabyle, Chaouia, Chenoua, Mzabi, and Tuareg; smaller dialects (such as the Zenati varieties of Touat and Tidikelt) are not so far considered.
		Algerian Arabic - has no official status, but is overwhelmingly the dominant language of oral communication in most of the country, and is generally learned as a second language by speakers of other languages.
		The Berber languages can be written in a modified Latin script, the Arabic script, or in Tifinagh.
	www.bisharat.net /wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Algeria (395 words)

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