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Topic: Chernobyl disaster

	Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Page
		Chernobyl is located 128 km northwest of Kiev that is in the Ukraine, part of the Soviet Union.
		The cause of the disaster was a malfunction within the plant that caused the radioactive core to become exposed.
		Effects of the disaster are continuing to show as time passes and the amount of people still suffering is tremendous.
	members.tripod.com /~Chernobyl486/index.html (802 words)

	Chernobyl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chernobyl (Chornobyl, Ukrainian: Чорнобиль, Russian: Чернобыль) is an abandoned city in northern Ukraine, in the Kiev Oblast (province) near the border with Belarus (51°16′N 30°13′E).
		The city was abandoned in 1986 due to the Chernobyl disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, which is located 14.5 kilometers (9 miles) north-northwest.
		Chernobyl: the unreadable sign Twenty years after Chernobyl, Belarussian writer Svetlana Alexievich talks to Sonja Zekri about the new face of evil and the lessons to be learned from the reactor catastrophe.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chernobyl (1159 words)

	Chernobyl disaster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Chernobyl disaster was an accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant on April 26, 1986 at 01:23 a.m., consisting of an explosion at the plant and subsequent radioactive contamination of the surrounding geographic area.
		The Chernobyl Shelter Fund was established in 1997 at the Denver G7 summit to fund the Shelter Implementation Fund.
		Chernobyl released 890 times as much caesium-137 as the Hiroshima bomb, released 87 times as much strontium-90 as the Hiroshima bomb and when the iodine-131 release is compared between the events (decay corrected to three days after the event) then Chernobyl released 25 times as much as the Hiroshima bomb.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chernobyl_accident (9389 words)

	Chernobyl's lengthening shadow \| thebulletin.org
		Yet Chernobyl has become a secondary concern to governments that lack energy resources for the coming winter and are desperately introducing deep economic reforms in the hope of obtaining international credits.
		Finally, researchers worldwide have disagreed over different aspects of the results of the Chernobyl disaster, sometimes deriding the public response as emotional or "radiophobic." In fact, the question of the psychological impact remains to be decided.
		Chernobyl is a disaster that is becoming more manifest, not less, with time.
	www.thebulletin.org /article.php?art_ofn=sep93marples (4023 words)

	Chernobyl' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In April 1986, Chernobyl' (Chornobyl' in Ukrainian) was an obscure city on the Pripiat' River in north-central Ukraine.
		Chernobyl' has become a metaphor not only for the horror of uncontrolled nuclear power but alsofor the collapsing Soviet system and its reflexive secrecy and deception, disregard for the safety and welfare of workers and their families, and inability to deliver basic services such as health care and transportation, especially in crisis situations.
		The Chernobyl' catastrophe derailed what had been an ambitious nuclear power program and formed a fledgling environmental movement into a potent political force in Russia as well as a rallying point for achieving Ukrainian and Belorussian independence in 1991.
	www.ibiblio.org /expo/soviet.exhibit/chernobyl.html (361 words)

	Executive summary -Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impact
		On 26 April, 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear power station, located in Ukraine about 20 km south of the border of Belarus, suffered a major accident which was followed by a prolonged release to the atmosphere of large quantities of radioactive substances.
		After several years of accumulation of dosimetric data from all available sources and dose reconstruction calculations based on environmental contamination data and mathematical models, it is now possible to arrive at a reasonable, although not highly accurate, assessment of the ranges of doses received by the various groups of population affected by the accident.
		In the case of the Chernobyl accident this segment of the environment has not contributed significantly to the total radiation exposure of the population.
	www.nea.fr /html/rp/chernobyl/c0e.html (4031 words)

	Chernobyl disaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		However, it was not possible to disentangle the effects of Chernobyl from the much larger harmful effects of the collapse of the Soviet Union.
		The Chernobyl accident at Chernobyl, Ukraine, was the worst accident in the history of nuclear energy, worse than all others put together.
		Unsupported large estimates of the casualties from Chernobyl are a staple of the anti-nuclear movement.
	www-formal.stanford.edu /jmc/progress/chernobyl.html (1371 words)

	Chernobyl matters
		To understand the scale of the disaster area I have produced a map of the UK with a map of roughly the same scale of the contaminated areas of Belarus.
		Chernobyl is different to all the other nuclear power stations in the world; it exploded and contaminated a very large region where 2 million people lived.
		Chernobyl was the last invasion; its effects will remain for scores of years and in some places up to the year 3000 AD.
	www.chernobyl.org.uk /chernobyl.html (1190 words)

	Chernobyl Children's Project International
		Chernobyl.info was developed by the United Nations and the Swiss Agency for International Development to serve as an unbiased and reliable international communication platform regarding the long term consequences of the Chernobyl disaster.
		In the case of Chernobyl, millions of people will continue to be exposed to such doses of radiation for decades to come.
		Five years after the disaster, the Ukrainian Ministry of Health reported three times the normal rate of deformities and developmental abnormalities in newborn children, as well as an increased number of miscarriages, premature births, and stillbirths.
	www.chernobyl-international.org /facts.html (1622 words)

	Science NetLinks: The Chernobyl Disaster
		The 1986 Chernobyl meltdown in the former Soviet Union is an unfortunate example of human error and lack of safety measures.
		One of the four reactors at the Chernobyl generating system melted down, leading to the release of toxic radioactive chemicals over vast areas of Europe and the contamination of thousands of people.
		If, during the course of this lesson, students become concerned about their own exposure to radiation, you may wish to point out to them that most of the radiation that we are receiving is naturally occurring background radiation over which we have little control.
	www.sciencenetlinks.com /lessons.cfm?DocID=406 (696 words)

	World Nuclear Association : Chernobyl Accident
		The April 1986 disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine was the product of a flawed Soviet reactor design coupled with serious mistakes made by the plant operators in the context of a system where training was minimal.
		The Chernobyl disaster was a unique event and the only accident in the history of commercial nuclear power where radiation-related fatalities occurred.(There have been fatalities in military and research reactor contexts, eg Tokai-mura) However, its relevance to the rest of the nuclear industry outside the then Eastern Bloc is minimal.
		The Chernobyl unit 4 is now enclosed in a large concrete shelter which was erected quickly to allow continuing operation of the other reactors at the plant.
	www.world-nuclear.org /info/chernobyl/inf07.htm (2787 words)

	Consequences of the Chernobyl Di
		Consequences of the Chernobyl Disaster for Belarus and
		Total damage of the Chernobyl disaster to the economy of the country considering 30-year period is projected to be 235 USD billion, this is 32 times budget for 1985.
		For the first time Chernobyl problem was raised in September 1989 when leader of the BSSR delegation informed the 44-th Session of the UN General Assembly of the Chernobyl disaster consequences and applied to world community for help and assistance.
	www.belarusembassy.org /chernobyl/consequences_of_the_chernobyl_di.htm (3573 words)

	7 The Chernobyl disasters Its effect on Belarus and Ukraine
		The disaster took place in a country on the brink of social upheaval, with a political administration that was to undertake major reforms under a new leader.
		By 1986, Chernobyl's population had reached 10,000 and the town was officially classified as a radon (district) in northern Kiev Oblast.
		To the west of Chernobyl were located the Rovno and Khmelnitsky stations, to the south-east were Zaporozhye and Nikolaev (South Ukraine), all of which were to be expanded to accommodate VVER-1000 reactors during the period covered by the 1986-1990 plan.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/unupbooks/uu21le/uu21le0h.htm (4878 words)

	Chernobyl Children's Project, Donate Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Charity, Adi Roche, Relief, Humanitarian Aid For ...
		The Chernobyl Children's Project International wishes to effect real change in the Chernobyl-affected areas harnessing the unique spirit of volunteerism that permeates every level of the organisation.
		He will carry the hopes of thousands of children who continue to be affected by the Chernobyl nuclear disaster of 1986.
		Unicef marked the 20th Anniversary of Chernobyl this year by putting cameras into the hands of the children affected by the disaster.
	www.chernobyl-international.com /home/default.asp?NCID=1 (310 words)

	Belarusian Chernobyl Tragedy
		Recent International Atomic Energy Agency report stating that effects of Chernobyl are overblown is still shocking hundreds of millions of people affected by Chernobyl and hundreds of thousands of volunteers around the World involved in Chernobyl charities.
		Greenpeace new study reveals death toll of Chernobyl enormously underestimated In a recently issued report Greenpeace estimates that more than 90,000 people were likely to die of cancers caused by radiation from the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, countering a United Nations report that predicted the death toll would be around 4,000.
		This page is an attempt to compile information on Chernobyl disaster, its influence on Belarus and to inform about international charity organizations helping my little country to fight this horrible inheritance.
	www.belarusguide.com /chernobyl1/chernobyl.htm (399 words)

	Chernobyl: 20 Years Later \| Chernobyl Disaster
		The staff of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant which was considered one of the best in the country were testing the reactor’s emergency cooling facility and disaster protection system was deliberately shut off.
		to the mitigation of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster.
		Minimizing the common risk factors for the health of people mostly affected by the Chernobyl disaster, and mitigating the consequences of the Chernobyl related ecological, economic and social problems were the priorities of the 1996-2000 Programme.
	un.by /en/chernobyl/20years/chmaintx.html (793 words)

	Chernobyl Information
		To stop rising ground water (Chernobyl is next to the Prypiat river) a concrete wall was built 30 meters into the ground between the riverbank and the reactor.
		Greenpeace said the leak of radiation to be 30 percent of the CHERNOBYL disaster.
		Chernobyl and the Bible: it may not be over yet...
	www.chernobyl.com /info.htm (1836 words)

	Chernobyl Anniversary \| Greenpeace USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It has been 20 years since the name Chernobyl became the infamous nuclear accident that devastated the lives of millions of people in Western Russia, Belarus and the Ukraine.
		The Chernobyl catastrophe released 100 times more radiation than the atom bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
		The effects of Chernobyl touched millions of people and thousands still endure very visible and painful effects.
	www.greenpeace.org /usa/campaigns/nuclear/chernobyl-anniversary (314 words)

	The Chernobyl Poems of Lyubov Sirota
		His impassioned attack on the authorities who allowed the disaster to happen and who then tried to cover it up or dismiss it as unimportant was in striking contrast to the tone of the rest of the Soviet delegation.
		Director of a writing program for children near the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station, on April 25th, 1986 she was seeking a breath of fresh air in the middle of that night, and went out on to her balcony in the city of Pripyat and watched the Chernobyl nuclear reactor explode in front of her.
		An appeal from the poet for a yearly observance of the Chernobyl disaster
	www.wsu.edu /~brians/chernobyl_poems/chernobyl_index.html (842 words)

	FT.com / World / Europe - Ukraine remembers Chernobyl nuclear disaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		For Ukrainians the 20th anniversary of the Chernobyl disaster is a time to grieve.
		The explosion of the Chernobyl nuclear plant in 1986 was yet another catastrophe from which Ukraine had to bounce back in the last century.
		Former Chernobyl workers and their families will gather this weekend in a forest outside Kiev, near the housing blocks where most of them were relocated.
	www.ft.com /cms/s/93b396ea-d477-11da-a357-0000779e2340.html (704 words)

	The United Nations and Chernobyl
		Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, April 26, 1986- the routine 20-second shut down of the system seemed to be another test of the electrical equipment.
		The Chernobyl Children's Project (CCP), Ireland, and Nadezdu Dtiam (Hope to the Children), Belarus, were selected as the NGO Representatives for the Steering Group of International Chernobyl Research and Information Network (ICRIN).
		With the history of the UN and Chernobyl, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) has provided information on all aspects of the Chernobyl and UN work such as: UN Coordinators, Inter-Agency Task Force, Quadripartite Coordination Committee, OCHA, Chernobyl Trust Fund, as well as the ICRIN Chernobyl network.
	www.un.org /ha/chernobyl/chern.htm (596 words)

	CHERNOBYL: TIME Coverage
		U.S. While atomic-energy officials around the world were trying to escape the political fallout from the Chernobyl accident, some of their American colleagues were fearful that the tragedy could doom their industry for years, perhaps even decades, to come.
		The Soviet government's first reaction to the 1986 catastrophe at the Chernobyl nuclear plant was to hide it from the world.
		The words conjure first the hellish explosion at Chernobyl that spewed a radioactive cloud across the Ukraine and Europe five years ago this week, poisoning crops, spawning bizarre mutant livestock, killing dozens of people and exposing millions more to dangerous fallout.
	www.time.com /time/daily/chernobyl/chernobyl.index.html (1641 words)

	Chernobyl Disaster
		Chernobyl nuclear power plant situated on the territory of the Ukraine near the border with the Gomel Oblast of Belarus.
		As a result of this disaster, two-thirds of radionuclides, which were emitted from the damaged Fourth power unit of the nuclear power plant, precipitated over Belarus.
		The laws of the Republic of Belarus "On Social Protection of Citizens Who Suffered from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster" and "On the Legal Status of the Territories Affected by Radioactive Contamination as a Result of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster" are facing great financial difficulties in their actual enforcement.
	www.belarus.net /Belarus/Chernobyl (111 words)

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