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	Chernozem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chernozem, or Black Earth (from Russian: чернозём IPA [ʨɪrnʌˈzʲom]), is a kind of soil.
		Chernozemic soils are a soil type in the Canadian system of soil classification and the United Nations' FAO soil classification.
		Chernozemic soil type equivalents, in Canadian, FAO, and USA soil taxonomy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chernozem (164 words)

	chernozem - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Prairie and fl chernozem soils are south of the forests.
		Russia: agricultural heartland of Russia, the chernozem belt
		Both the forest-steppe and the steppe have fertile soils and together form a region known as the chernozem, or fl-earth, belt; this is the...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /chernozem.html (90 words)

	www.travel-university.org - Chernozem soils
		Chernozem soils are rich in calcium, which appears in excess in calcium carbonate precipitated in the lower B-horizon or just beneath the B-horizon.
		Chernozem soils are important in the United States and Canada, where they form a north-south belt starting in Alberta and Saskatchewan and running through the Great Plains of the United States to central Texas.
		Though chernozem soils are not limited to such areas, the texture and lime content of loess, together with the plains topography, have been especially favorable to chernozem development.
	www.travel-university.org /general/geography/soils/chernozem.html (918 words)

	Chernozems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chernozem soils, defined as soils occurring under grassland-forest transition, grasses and forbs, usually develop in cool to cold, subarid to subhumid climates (Soil Science Glossary, 1976).
		Chernozem soils are characterized as having a dark-coloured surface (Ah, Ahe, or Ap) horizon and a B or C horizon or both with a high base saturation (Soils Science Glossary, 1976).
		Black chernozems, characterized by a thick fl surface horizon of mixed humic/mixed wood material (McGregor, 1984), are the most common of these soils and are found in lower slope and valley bottom positions with south and southwest aspects (McGregor, 1984).
	ucalgary.ca /UofC/faculties/SS/GEOG/Virtual/SoilOrders/chernozem.html (285 words)

	The Political Economy of a Disaster, by John McCrory
		Despite its soil's fertility, the Chernozem region is typically dry and prone to drought.
		The extraordinary fertility of the chernozem results from a long buildup of "decayed roots and feather grass foliage, sedges, and other lowering herbs" that produces humus on a parent base of loess.
		In other words, the ecological factors that contribute to the chernozem's special fertility – moderate rainfall and hot sukhoveis – also make it an undependable region as far as agriculture is concerned.
	www.johnmccrory.com /articles/article.asp?this=243 (4482 words)

	PRESS RELEASE Trezac Provides Update on Millagro, MagroSelect Prim & Nutret Subsidiaries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chernozem soil contains vast quantities of rich nutrients; it has a robust genetic structure, and exceptional water-holding capacity.
		MaVest SRL was established in 1993, and acquired by MagroSelect Prim SRL in 2000, in a barter settlement transaction.
		Arable farming is the largest sector due to the country's Chernozem rich soil, approximately 75% is covered in exceptionally fertile soil.
	www.marketwire.com /mw/release_html_b1?release_id=57654 (1445 words)

	Ukraine
		Flat steppe and forest-steppe zones with the top soil formed of rich chernozem are an ideal combination for agriculture in general and for the establishment of highly-mechanized agriculture in particular.
		With over a quarter of the world’s chernozem and 56.5% of all of the land being used as arable, Ukraine relies heavily on its agriculture as a major source of export revenues.
		Because of its fertile and unique chernozem soil, combined with the dry weather at harvest time, Ukraine has had a long tradition in plant breeding and in supplying improved germplasm and Pre-basic seed, particularly to the republics of the former Soviet Union.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/Y2722E/y2722e17.htm (1697 words)

	home
		Chernozem is a Russian word (чернозём, pronounced ‘chern-a-ZYOM’), meaning ‘fl earth’.
		It is used to describe the warm, rich, dark soils of the south and of Ukraine, which have traditionally formed the breadbasket of those countries.
		One of Chernozem's recent projects was to assist with the English-language documents for a major ecological, social and economic venture in Northern Russia.
	www.chernozem.net (178 words)

	KRASILNIKOV: PART II, section 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The former is conditioned essentially by a mineral adsorbing complex and the latter by the organomineral part of the soil.
		For example, we introduced streptomycin at a concentration of 2,000 units/ g; after some time 1,120 units/g were adsorbed by the chernozem, 1,800 units/g by podsol, 1,080 units/g by the serozern and 1,540 units/g by krasnozem.
		Penicillin was adsorbed as follows: 380 units/g by chernozem, 280 units/g by podsol soils, 380 units/g by serozem, and 200 units/g by krasnozem.
	www.soilandhealth.org /01aglibrary/010112Krasil/010112krasil.ptIIb.html (8378 words)

	A History of Russian Forestry and its Leaders
		Dokuchayev demanded that Russia develop its own agronomy for chernozem, loess, and barkhan (sand-hills) that would correspond strictly to local climatic conditions, to local soils, and to the economic and social conditions of a given region or zone.
		During the summer of 1891 nearly the entire chernozem zone of European Russia was caught in the grip of an unprecedented drought.
		In Flora of the Chernozem (1889), Tanfilyev raised the question of the close relationship between the soil and the vegetative covering and the influence of soil composition on vegetation distribution.
	www.forest.ru /eng/publications/history/05.html (19617 words)

	AllRefer.com - chernozem (Agriculture, General) - Encyclopedia
		It is generally a modified type of loess.
		True chernozem is fl in color, but there are various grades, shading off into gray and chestnut-brown soils.
		It forms in areas that have cold winters, hot summers, and rapid evaporation of precipitation; generally only tall grass is found native on chernozem.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/chernoze.html (224 words)

	Grasslands
		Moreover, within the chernozem sites aculeate wasp species assemblages also shifted with respect to vegetation structure (vegetation height is used as a proxy for structure), although not to the degree demonstrated by spider species assemblages (Finnamore and Buckle in press).
		Among the chernozem sites, the relatively wetter sites with vegetation canopy greater than 30 cm and the relatively dryer sites with vegetation canopy up to 8 cm were about equal in richness and slightly richer in species than the moderately dry sites.
		As surficial aridity increases across sites in chernozem soils there is a clear shift in dominance classes from a high percentage of species in the class containing 0.25-0.5% of individuals in the wetter sites to a high percentage of species in the class containing 0.5-1.0% of individuals in the relatively dryer sites.
	www.biology.ualberta.ca /bsc/news17_2/grasslands.htm (4744 words)

	Tsentralno Chernozemny Zapovednik
		Each spring the steppe bursts into bloom, the hues gradually changing from the golden-yellow of cowslip and pheasant's-eye, to the pale blue of forget-me-nots and speedwells, to the shimmering azure of feathergrass and meadow clary.
		The Yamsky steppe was later transferred to the management of the Belogorye Zapovednik in the Belgorod Region.
		Chernozem soil, also known as "fl earth", is known for its high nutrient content, grainy structure, and excellent drainage properties.
	www.wild-russia.org /bioregion3/tsent-chern/3_tsen-chern.htm (2824 words)

	CSSC Subgroups
		CCCBrown Chernozems that have a slickenside horizon within 1 m of the mineral soil surface and faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
		Other Brown Chernozems that have an eluvial horizon or horizons (Ahe, Ae, or Aej) at least 2 cm in thickness, usually underlain by a Btj or Bt horizon, and faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
		Other Brown Chernozems that either lack a B horizon or have a B horizon <5 cm in thickness and have faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
	www.pedosphere.com /resources/cssc3rd/subgroups.cfm?Order_ID=G&GreatGroup_ID=A (277 words)

	[No title]
		Materials and methods The samples of calcareous chernozem bolted through a 1mm mesh sieve, were added by Pb and Zn acetate and nitrate solutions of 0.001; 0.025; 0.05 and 0.1M/L concentrations.
		This proves the fact that a significant share of metal in acetate solutions is associated into outer-sphere complexes which are better sorbed on the soil particle surface as compared to nitrates and free metal cations.
		Neutral and +1 charged hydroxocomplexes and the metal associates may be adsorbed in the volumes as significant as that.
	www.eom.slu.se /icobte/additional/SP5pSamokhin.doc (807 words)

	CSSC Subgroups
		Black Chernozems that have a slickenside horizon within 1 m of the mineral soil surface and faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
		Other Black Chernozems that have an eluvial horizon or horizons (Ahe, Ae, or Aej) at least 2 cm in thickness, usually underlain by a Btj or Bt horizon, and have faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
		Other Black Chernozems that lack a B horizon or have a B horizon <5 cm in thickness and have faint to distinct mottles within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface
	www.pedosphere.com /resources/cssc3rd/subgroups.cfm?Order_ID=G&GreatGroup_ID=C (276 words)

	NPP Grassland: Kursk, Russia, 1954-1983
		The virgin meadow steppe of the Central Chernozem Natural Reserve in Kursk Region, with its rich loamy chernozem soil, is one of the most productive upland grassland ecosystems of Russia (Gilmanov and Bazilevich, 1983; Bazilevich and Gilmanov, 1984).
		As well as its long history of scientific research, the study site is notable for its high species richness, with up to 77 species per square meter and 120 species per 100 m2 (Alekhin 1934).This kind of meadow is typically mowed annually.
		A comprehensive description of the rich chernozem soil of the Kursk Natural Reserve is provided in the monograph by Afanasyeva (1966).
	www-eosdis.ornl.gov /NPP/guides/krs_guide.html (2143 words)

	Amazon.com: Chernozem: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Effects of zero tillage and conventional tillage on a chernozem and a luvisol: A micromorphological investigation by Annemarie Van der Velden (Unknown Binding - 1991)
		Suitability of southern chernozems for shelterbelts with Larix sibirica as the main species =: Lesoprigodnost' chernozemov iuzhnykh dlia zashchitnykh lesonasazhdenii...
		Effect of irrigation with mineralized water on chernozems of Azov Sea coastal region =: Vliyaniye orosheniya mineralizovannoy vodoy na priazovskiye chernozemy (Translation - Bureau of Reclamation) by L. N Pishchenko (Unknown Binding - 1977)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Chernozem&tag=httpexplaguid-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (338 words)

	Uni Potsdam, Physikalische Chemie, Laser spectroscopy of soil organic matter and soil gases 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		5: F(R) of haplic chernozem soil1 with different concentrations of isosulfane blue (Sigma) and eosin (Aldrich).
		The absorption and scattering coefficient of the haplic chernozem soil
		6: Absorption and scattering coefficient of the haplic chernozem soil
	www.chem.uni-potsdam.de /pc/german/sb_spp_p3.htm (249 words)

	Etymological Study of English Terms for South Russian Soils (from World Reference Base).
		First, there were Slavonic borrowings proper (chernozem, zheltozem, burozem, podzol, solonetz, solonchak, solod, gley, rendzina).
		The linguistic study shows that the bulk of these term-elements are Latin roots, e.g.
		These are -chern- and -zem- in chernozem* (fl soil), -solonchak- and -solonetz-, and nominally Russian -kastan-.
	crops.confex.com /crops/wc2006/techprogram/P12224.HTM (728 words)

	Property in Chernozem
		Major investments were made recently here in Chernozem property and a lot of unused areas are now ready to be sold cheap or rented to people interested in real eastates.
		If you are looking for Chernozem property or want to rent an apartment, a house or a villa for you vacation in Bulgaria, there are plenty of real estate agencies that you can help you find Chernozem property.
		If you are keen on healthy lifestyle there are many bulgarian villages or towns such as Chernozem where one can buy real estates at low prises.
	attractive-real-estates.around-bulgaria.com /sela-yambol/chernozem.html (126 words)

	RRes-Agriculture & environment division
		Central zone of Moldova Republic: organic and mineral fertilizers for field crops in crop rotation on leached chernozem
		Grakov experimental field: Crop residues as a source of typical chernozem fertility and productivity of crops in rotation in irrigated and non-irrigated conditions
		Ukraine, Zaporozhye, Zaporozhye State Agricultural Experimental Station: Effect of fertilizers input on crop capacity and soil fertility as main parameters in agricultural monitoring programm for South Ukraine ordinary chernozems
	www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk /aen/eusomnet/expts/eurodb.htm (1078 words)

	Chernozem - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK
		Our search facility includes over 50,000 fully cross-referenced historical entries.
		chernozem or fl earth, variety of soil rich in organic matter in the form of humus
		THE HISTORY CHANNEL and BIOGRAPHY are trademarks of AandE Television Networks used under license ©2004 AandE Television Networks.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/search/search.php?word=chernoze (266 words)

	CU Department of Forestry and Natural Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of soil carbonates at depth in the Russian Chernozem under different land use.
		Effects of land-use on soil inorganic carbon stocks in the Russian Chernozem.
		Post has developed and teaches the main introductory GIS course at Clemson University (FOR 434/634)
	www.clemson.edu /forestres/post.html (136 words)

	A Troubled Realm
		But unlike Moscow, Ryazan exemplifies all the traditional maladies of this zone: rural depopulation, low yields, and rampant land abandonment.
		However, Ryazan Oblast is in the south of the Non-Chernozem Zone and is actually located at the junction of the forest and forest-steppe biomes, the latter containing patches of Chernozem soil.
		This, however, does not make the southernmost rayons (low level, county-like civil divisions) more productive than the rayons abutting the oblast capital.
	www.radford.edu /~agrorus/cstudies.htm (1095 words)

	National Land and Water Information Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Distinguishing Chernozemic Soils from Soils of Other Orders
		Pedon of Gleyed Vertic Black Chernozem with tonguing Ah horizon
		Diagrammatic horizon pattern of some subgroups of the Chernozemic order
	sis.agr.gc.ca /cansis/taxa/cssc3/intro.html (589 words)

	* Bulgarian Properties - House for sale in village of Chernozem, Yambol, Bulgaria *
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		Bulgarian properties - House for sale in village of Chernozem, Yambol, Bulgaria
	get.info.bg /properties/Dir.asp?ProductID=13457 (572 words)

	Chernozem region (Fundamental study of challenges in science-intensive branches of the economy)
		Chernozem region (Fundamental study of challenges in science-intensive branches of the economy)
		Resolution of the Board of RFBR dated december 22, 2005, Moscow
		Barsukov G. V., Stepanov Y. Fundamentals of the theory of superficial layer formation in machine parts at the microlevel (05-01-96408).
	www.rfbr.ru /eng/default.asp?doc_id=6122 (682 words)

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