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Topic: Chesapeake and Ohio Canal

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	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and Towpath
		The Canal at the Entry to Paw Paw Tunnel - Near Milepost 155
		Construction of the Canal began in on July 4, 1828, the same day the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was begun.
		Parts of the Canal have been rewatered and other towns along its path are hoping to do the same in the future, but in the meantime, much of the bed of the Canal is filled with trees and shrubs.
	www.fred.net /kathy/canal.html (1574 words)

	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal - West Virginia (WV) Cyclopedia
		The CandO Canal exerted a great influence upon the trade of the eastern part of the state, especially the counties of Jefferson, Berkeley, Morgan, Hampshire, and Mineral, all of which were located along the canal's route.
		On May 28, 1827, Congress appropriated $1,000,000 towards the construction of a canal to connect Washington, DC with the Ohio River at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (PA) via a connection would be made with the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal.
		The canal was completed from Georgetown to Seneca in 1831, to Harpers Ferry in 1833, and to a point near Hancock in 1839.
	www.wvexp.com /index.php/Chesapeake_and_Ohio_Canal (722 words)

	Alexandria, VA - Historic Alexandria - Alexandria Canal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Towpath along the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal depicts a scene similar to that which was common along the Alexandria Canal in the 19th Century.
		Since canal boats could not safely traverse the river from the terminus of the C and O Canal at Georgetown to Alexandria, Alexandrians had a valid reason to petition to build their own canal from the C and O Canal of Alexandria.
		The Alexandria Canal and Chesapeake and Ohio Canal as of 1845, are highlighted.
	oha.ci.alexandria.va.us /oha-main/oha-alexandria-canal.html (1713 words)

	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. The Columbia Gazetteer of North America. 2000
		Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, former waterway, c.185 mi/298 km long, from Wash., D.C., to Cumberland, Md., running along the N bank of the Potomac R. A successor to the Potomac Company’s (1784–1828) navigation improvement project, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was planned to extend W to Pittsburgh.
		Although extension to Pittsburgh proved impractical, the canal experienced a busy period in the 1870s carrying coal from the Cumberland mines.
		The canal was used until it was damaged by floods in 1924.
	www.bartleby.com /69/39/C06139.html (203 words)

	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The canal was used until it was damaged by floods in 1924; in 1938 it was sold to the U.S. government.
		Partially restored, the canal and its towpath were proclaimed a national monument in 1961 and in 1971 became a national historical park (see National Parks and Monuments, table).
		The stockholder review committee of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company, 1828-1857: evidence of changes in financial reporting and corporate governance.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-chesapn1o1c1.html (434 words)

	Monthly Labor Review--Canal Boat Children (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		On all canals the fact that the inherent nature of the work necessitates long periods away from a home on shore is an impelling motive to boatmen to take their wives and children with them.
		The principal difference between life on the old and on the new canals, so far as the children are concerned, lies in the fact that on the older canals child labor is profitable and practically indispensable while on the newer canals there is little place for it.
		On the new canals, to be sure, boats are being constructed with larger cabins and better sanitary arrangements, but under both systems there are the same conditions in regard to irregular school attendance, improper medical care, inadequate recreation, and exhausting hours of labor for those children who work.
	www.history.rochester.edu /canal/bib/springer (566 words)

	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal extends from Washington, DC, to Cumberland, Md., along the eastern bank of the Potomac River, a distance of 185 miles, with an ascent of 609 feet which is overcome by means of 75 locks.
		The canal varies in width at the surface from 55 to 65 feet and at the bottom from 30 to 42 feet and has a depth of 6 feet throughout.
		During the winter months it is customary to drain the canal to prevent damage which might be caused by freezing.
	www.history.rochester.edu /canal/bib/springer/chesohio.htm (384 words)

	Baltimore Harbor and Channels - Baltimore District Projects
		Considered by many to be one of the finest relics of America’s canal-building era, the C&O canal stretches nearly 185 miles along the Potomac River from the District of Columbia to its terminus in Cumberland.
		The canal was designated a national park in 1971, and today is owned and operated by the National Park Service.
		The rewatering project is part of a greater effort by the Canal Place Preservation and Development Authority to transform the underused Potomac riverfront and terminus at Cumberland into a showpiece of historical preservation known as Canal Place.
	www.nab.usace.army.mil /projects/Maryland/co_canal.htm (355 words)

	The Building of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
		The rich history of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, also known as the C and O Canal, is vividly portrayed at several sites along its 184.5-mile route, a route that today forms a beautiful national park along the Potomac River in Maryland and the District of Columbia.
		Giant trees shade a sandy towpath between the river and the old canal bed, visited by thousands of hikers, bikers, birders, and naturalists who enjoy the spectacular scenery of the park.
		This lesson is based on the C and O Canal National Historical Park, one of the thousands of properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/10cando/10cando.htm (181 words)

	Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park - Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park (U.S. National ...
		Preserving America’s colorful Canal era and transportation history, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park is 184.5 miles of adventure.
		The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park realizes its mission of protection, preservation, and interpretation of park resources would not be possible without our volunteers.
		Of the 11 aqueducts built along the canal, the Monocacy Aqueduct is the longest at 516 feet, its seven arches constructed mainly of stone quarried from nearby Sugarloaf Mountain.
	www.nps.gov /choh (286 words)

	C&O Canal
		The 12-foot-wide towpath originally was as a road for mules that pulled boats along the canal.
		The C&O Canal is a natural, cultural and recreational wonder for millions of bicyclists.
		For the bicyclist looking for solitude, the best time to ride in canal is during the week.
	www.angelfire.com /va2/btr/COCanal.html (265 words)

	Today in History: October 10
		Sections of the canal opened for navigation as they were completed; from Georgetown in Washington, DC to Seneca, Maryland in 1831; then to Harpers Ferry in 1833; to Hancock in 1839; and finally to
		The last 50 miles of the canal was delayed another eleven years by serious financial problems and construction of the Paw Paw Tunnel.
		By the time the canal was opened in Cumberland, the BandO Railroad was already well established and operating in the Ohio Valley, and the CandO Canal Company dropped its plans to continue another 180 miles westward to Pittsburgh.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/today/oct10.html (1539 words)

	Chesapeake and Ohio Canal - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Chesapeake and Ohio Canal former waterway, c.185 mi (300 km) long, from Washington, D.C., to Cumberland, Md., running along the north bank of the Potomac River.
		A successor to the Potomac Company's (1784-1828) navigation improvement project, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was planned to extend W to Pittsburgh.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-ChesapNOC.html (434 words)

	The Interactive Atlas of Western Maryland: the C & O Canal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The C and O Canal was a waterway planned to connect the Potomac and Ohio rivers.
		Construction on the canal began in 1828, with generous financial banking from towns along the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay.
		The Chesapeake and Ohio canal was 184 miles long and 60 feet wide, it averaged 6 feet deep.
	www.cyberlearning-world.com /nhhs/atlas/cnocanal.htm (198 words)

	CHESAPEAKE & OHIO CANAL ASSOCIATION, INC
		On December 19, 1985, the Maryland agency wrote the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requesting that the project be classified as a " categorical exclusion" to the National Environmental Policy Act,42 U.S.C. n1 In January of 1986, the FHWA granted the request and approved the design of the replacement bridge.
		The report concluded that the proposed bridge would not affect the environment, that it did not adversely affect the historic canal, and that no change would result at the canal crossing.
		The State Highway Administration was recently asked to investigate extending [the Wiley Ford Bridge] to span the C and O Canal in addition to the Potomac River, to allow canal boats to pass.
	classweb.gmu.edu /jkozlows/sitzler.htm (3108 words)

	Chesapeak and Ohio Canal bike ride
		These are photos from a 22.4 mile round trip ride on the C and O Canal tow path.
		The Canal is almost flat because the elevation change between Georgetown end and the Clumberland Maryland end is only 605 feet.
		The purpose was to take the canal out of the war while they made their attack on Washington.
	www.wclathan.com /Canal-Ride/Chesapeake-and-Ohio-Canal.html (1013 words)

	Mountain Bike Trails in Maryland : Bikes, Barges And Trains : Chesapeake And Ohio Canal Feature Story : bikekinetix.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The towpath of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historic Park provides a level, continuous crushed stone trail through the spectacular setting of the Potomac River Valley.
		Enhance your experience of the canal with a ride in a reproduction canal boat pulled by mules.
		The canal played an important role in commerce and industry, transportation, westward expansion and even the Civil War.
	www.bikekinetix.com /special_features/cando.php (358 words)

	War Comes to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
		Upon the adoption of the Secession Ordinance by the Virginia Convention, Virginia militia converged on Harpers Ferry, eager to seize the arms and machinery in the United States Armory and Arsenal.
		Sheltered by the railroad grade and the canal's towpath, Geary's bluecoats blazed away at the Rebels, who were posted in a mill, houses, and barns on the Virginia side of the Potomac.
		Union batteries, emplaced near the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, on the Williamsport side of the river, went into action and the Confederates withdrew from view.
	www.wvculture.org /history/journal_wvh/wvh29-1.html (2937 words)

	Sea Kayaking on Maryland Canal
		The canal operated from 1850 to 1924, then sat neglected until the 1950s, when plans for a highway along its route spurred a successful movement to preserve the historic canal and its accompanying towpath.
		Today the canal and towpath are popular with hikers, bikers, and joggers as well as paddlers.
		Although most of the canal no longer holds water, the last 20 miles or so are intact, and the preserved towpath provides frequent river-access points and campsites along its entire route.
	canoekayak.com /destinations/easternus/cocanal (834 words)

	Bicycling on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Trail
		On a previous trip to this region, we had discovered the Chesapeake and Ohio (CandO) Canal Trail across from Harpers Ferry, where it briefly joins the Appalachian Trail.
		The CandO Canal ran along the Potomac River from Washington, DC to Cumberland, MD. Today the entire length of the canal is protected by the National Park Service.
		(Unlike the NCR trail, the slow grade of the canal is virtually unnoticeable, except at the locks, where the level naturally changes stepwise.) The scenery was beautiful.
	brokenclaw.com /biking/chesapeake.html (675 words)

	Index
		The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company was chartered by Congress and the states of Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania by 1826 to build a canal from Washington, D.C., to the Ohio River.
		During its years of operation, the canal was mostly used to transport coal from western Maryland to Washington, D.C. Due to increasing competition from the railroads and the damage done by devastating floods, operation of the canal ended in 1924.
		“Canal Mileposts” was created to encourage the scholarly exploration of the stretch of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal that runs through Frederick County, Maryland.
	catoctincenter.frederick.edu /canal (440 words)

	Chesapeake & Ohio (C&O) Canal National Park
		Chesapeake & Ohio (C&O) Canal National Park, WV
		George Washington's desire to make the Potomac River more navigable led to the development of the Chesapeake and Ohio (CandO) Canal, which became a National Monument in 1961 and a National Park in 1971.
		The CandO Canal National Park now encompasses 184.5 miles of the canal, along with its 70+ locks, numerous dams, and the Paw Paw Tunnel.
	www.byways.org /browse/byways/13753/places/15572 (238 words)

	Paw Paw Tunnel: Chesapeake & Ohio Canal’s Engineering Marvel :: Weekend Adventures Magazine Online :: ...
		The Chesapeake and Ohio (CandO) Canal began in 1828 as a transportation route between commercial centers in the East and frontier resources of the West.
		The CandO Canal stretches along the Potomac River for 184.5 miles from Georgetown in the nation’s capital to Cumberland, MD. Maintained by the National Park Service, the canal’s towpath provides a nearly level trail for hikers and bicyclists, and watered sections welcome canoers and anglers.
		Portions of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal had been operating nearly 20 years before completion of Paw Paw Tunnel, opening the final link between Georgetown and Cumberland, MD. Engineers said a tunnel directly through the mountain was the best alternative to a winding, six-mile stretch of the Potomac River known as Paw Paw Bends.
	www.wamonline.com /spring2001/pawpawtunnel.htm (1120 words)

	Teaching American History in Maryland - Documents for the Classroom - Maryland State Archives
		The canal had only reached Cumberland, Maryland, when the need for such a water way had been eclipsed by the implementation of steam powered locomotives and the construction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
		The canal did, however, facilitate transportation of goods and raw material (especially coal) from western Maryland to Washington, D.C., covering 184.5 miles, 74 locks, and an elevation differential of 605 feet.
		NOTES: Download-able video which follows a week-long, 180-mile trip on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal through the Potomac Valley from Cumberland, Md., to Washington, D.C. Includes scenes of the locks in operation; a mile-long, hand-dug tunnel which was built in 1840; coal barges plying the canal; Maryland farming country; Harper's Ferry; and Great Falls.
	teachingamericanhistorymd.net /000001/000000/000125/html/t125.html (1565 words)

	Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park - Areaparks.com
		Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park - Areaparks.com
		In addition, the canal's towpath provides a nearly level, continuous trail through the spectacular scenery of the Potomac River Valley.
		Every year millions of visitors come to hike or bike the CandO Canal in order to enjoy the natural, cultural, and recreational opportunities available.
	chesapeakeohiocanal.areaparks.com (122 words)

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