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Topic: Chico Mendes

	UNEP Global 500 Forum :: Who was Chico Mendes?
		Chico's father, Francisco Mendes, arrived in the remote estate of Acre in 1926, in the wild and isolated occidental Amazon near Bolivia and Peru, to work in the development of rubber made from the heveas.
		Francisco (Chico) Mendes was born on the night of December 15, 1944 in the colocacao Pote Seco of the seringal Porto Rico.
		By that time, Chico rescued from the meetings of seringueiros the idea of "extractive reserves": areas where not only native rubber would be of use, but also the recollection of wild fruits and medicines -1,400 forestall plants containing actives agents against cancer, for example.
	www.global500.org /feature_6.html (1975 words)

	Chico Mendes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mendes grew up in a family of rubber tappers in Acre State, Brazil, and when he was of age, continued on in the family tradition.
		In 1987, after being contacted by the Environmental Defense and National Wildlife Federation, Mendes flew to Washington D.C. in an attempt to convince the Inter-American Development Bank that their road project in his area would end in disaster, unless it took into consideration the preservation of the forest and the livelihoods of its inhabitants.
		Chico Mendes was interpreted by Raúl Júliá in the movie The Burning Season (in portuguese, Amazônia em Chamas), directed by the film maker John Frankenheimer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chico_Mendes (930 words)

	Encyclopedia: Chico Mendes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mendes fought courageously to oppose the destructive practices of such large companies and individuals.
		Chico Mendes is not just a hero of the Amazon, he is a hero of the entire planet.
		Chico Mendes was killed while trying to save the Amazon rainforest.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Chico-Mendes (1894 words)

	Remembering Chico - Environmental Defense
		Chico was not a charismatic person, and the qualities of his character were sometimes clearest in other peoples' accounts.
		Chico?s colleagues, the rubber tappers are thrown to the wolves of globalization.
		Perhaps not even Chico, always an optimist, would have expected that the organization he founded to move forward the extractive reserves proposal, the National Council of Rubber Tappers, would be as large, representative and well organized as it is today.
	www.environmentaldefense.org /article.cfm?ContentID=1596 (1838 words)

	International Wildlife: The Example of Chico Mendes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ten years ago Francisco "Chico" Mendes was murdered for having the audacity to organize his fellow rubber tree workers into a line of defiance against the chain saws set to reduce to waste the forest he knew as home (see "The Assault Continues," page 42).
		Mendes believed there were values in the rain forest beyond those that could be measured in the board feet of the timber cut or the acres converted to cattle ranches or crops.
		Mendes' struggle to save the rain forests epitomizes the lesson burned deep into the minds of every citizen activist: No victories are ever final; vigilance to conserve our land, water and wildlife must be as constant as life's heartbeat that links generation to generation.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1170/is_1998_Nov/ai_54048993 (529 words)

	grassroots struggle in Amazon
		Chico Mendes, who was murdered in 1988 because of his work to save the rain forest, grew up during the second major rubber boom, which began in 1941.
		Mendes was aware that the indigenous tribes in Brazil had reserves that were theoretically legally protected by the government.
		Mendes flew to Miami to present his plan for extractive reserves to the IDB in 1987.
	www.earlham.edu /~pols/17Fall96/inneske/grassroots.HTM (1334 words)

	Chico Mendes, Review and Links
		Chico was a seringueiro, a rubber tapper who collects latex from the trees of the forest.
		"Chico Mendes: Man of the Forest" (1990) is a rich icon depicting the benevolent Chico, saint of the forest, his head haloed by the curving beaks of jungle birds, as luminous forest flowers, birds, and furry animals nestle around him.
		In "Chico Mendes, 1944-1988" (1993) the head of a mournful Chico emerges from a thick patchwork of rainforest leaves.
	www.lavenderink.org /review2.htm (1366 words)

	Dispatches from the Vanishing World.Com
		Chico knew that his enemies included not only the ranchers who hired pistoleiros to expel the rubber tappers from the forest and to kill their leaders and sympathizers, but the authorities in Acre themselves.
		Within days a Chico Mendes Committee was formed and letters were sent to the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank urging that all funding of development projects in the Amazon be suspended until a full investigation was made.
		When Chico heard about a part of the forest that was about to be cleared, he would round up the two or three hundred families who lived there and get them to form a wall on the edge of it so the bulldozers and chain-saw crews couldn't enter.
	www.dispatchesfromthevanishingworld.com /pastdispatches/chicomendez/printermendez.html (10625 words)

	Chico Mendes
		Chico Mendes – Well, we crossed the initial stage in the process of the rubber tappers’s first struggles to defend the forest, to defend their land.
		Chico Mendes – I think the extractive reserve not only improves the life conditions of the rubber tappers, the Indians and all the people that live in the forest, but it will also make possible a better life condition for the city people.
		Chico Mendes - But the extractive reserve is just what we want, it is exactly a way of also getting free of the “patrões”, besides avoiding the landowners and the ranchers to extinguish our forests.
	www.chicomendes.org /en/chicomendes22.php (1191 words)

	The My Hero Project - Chico Mendes
		His name was Chico Mendes, and on December 22, 1988, he was killed while trying to save his beloved Amazon from destruction.
		Chico Mendes is not just a hero of the Amazon, he is a hero of the entire planet.
		Chico Mendes was a father who gave the ultimate sacrifice in defending rainforests.
	myhero.com /hero.asp?hero=c_mendes (1316 words)

	Parabólicas: Articles - CHICO MENDES SHOUTED INTO THE EAR OF THE WORLD. DID ANYBODY HEAR?
		Until his death on that tragic Christmas, Chico painfully crossed academic theories and ideologies; coexisted with myriad political trends and mediated disputes of intellectuals and environmentalists, striving to keep his allies in the defense of the rubber-tappers and the forest.
		In the political field, Chico’s legacy can still be seen: rubber-tapper Júlio Barbosa, the vice-president of the CNS and a brother in struggle of Chico in Xapuri, was elected mayor of the municipality in 1996.
		He met Chico Mendes in December 1975, in one of the meetings which preceded the creation of the Rural Workers’ Union in Brasiléia, one of the initial cores of the present National Council of Rubber-tappers.
	www.socioambiental.org /website/parabolicas/english/backissu/40/articles/pg08.htm (1127 words)

	The Case of CHICO MENDES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		On December 22nd, 1988 the rubber tapper, union leader and environmental activist Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, known as Chico Mendes was murdered in Xapuri, Acre.
		Chico Mendes played an important part in the foundation of the National Counsel of the Seringueiros and the design and proposal of the extraction reserves.
		Through his murder, Chico Mendes became one more time representative of the many other inhabitants of the rain forest, who were murdered, deprived of their rights or threatened...
	www.amazonlink.org /ACRE/amazonas/rubber-tappers/chico.htm (234 words)

	IDBAmerica: The Legacy of Chico Mendes
		Chico Mendes had received enough death threats to realize his life was very much in danger.
		Chico was born in Cachoeira, a small village in the jungle not far from Xapuri in the state of Acre, Brazil.
		Chico Mendes was well aware of this situation and decided to take his concerns to the international community.
	www.iadb.org /idbamerica/index.cfm?thisid=3009 (2355 words)

	Hard Rows: The Amazon after Chico Mendes
		Osmarino Amancio Rodrigues, rubber tapper and successor to Chico Mendes, in the backyard of the National Council of Rubber Tappers, Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil.
		Mendes organized an "empate," a standoff, mustering "seringueiros," or rubber tappers, to stand in the way of the rancher’s forest clearing crews.
		Mendes’ genius was his ability to parlay world anxieties over global warming and the tear in the ozone into vital aid for a near castaway class of rural laborers.
	www.aliciapatterson.org /APF1303/Margolis/Margolis.html (2558 words)

	Fight For The Forest: Chico Mendes In His Own Words :: AK Press
		Chico Mendes, the charismatic founder of the Brazilian rubber tappers' union, was murdered by a hired assassin in 1988.
		As a trade union leader, he won international acclaim for his role in the nonviolent campaign to protect the Amazon rainforest, on which the rubber tappers depend for their livelihood.
		In this updated edition, Tony Gross, environmentalist, expert on Amazonian affairs and a friend of Mendes, follows the trial, conviction, and release of Chico's assassins and examines the current Brazilian environment policy.
	www.akpress.org /2006/items/fightfortheforest (152 words)

	Parabólicas: Articles - THE LIVES AND DEATHS OF CHICO MENDES
		At some time Chico Mendes envisioned within the socialist ideology the comprehensiveness of a general proposal, in which the situation of the rubber-tappers, included as "working class," would be included.
		The ideas that gained momentum in Chico Mendes’s life spread and influenced several sectors, feeding the today generalized adhesion to the concept of "sustainable development." There is a dozen practical experiences in progress, some of which with encouraging results.
		Chico Mendes expressed the possibility of the "middle road," overcoming the deadlock, the recovery of an understanding with nature without waiving civilization.
	www.socioambiental.org /website/parabolicas/english/backissu/42/articles/pg08.htm (1494 words)

	Chico Mendes, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chico Mendes was born on December 15, 1944, and he died on December 22, 1988.
		Chico Mendes lived in Brazil where he was a rubber tapper.
		Chico Mendes wanted to protect the trees in the rain forest, because the trees were being cut by ranchers.
	www.framingham.k12.ma.us /dunning/chico.htm (144 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Programmes \| Correspondent \| Fires of the Amazon
		Chico's plan was to defend the forest by fighting for the rights of the rubber tappers who lived within it, and in 1987, this won him a UN Global 500 award.
		Today, Chico's ex-aides and associates are the Mayor of his hometown of Xapuri, the Governor of his state of Acre, the leader of the opposition in the Brazilian Senate.
		In 1992, Chico Mendes became a sort of patron saint to the United Nations Environmental Summit in Rio de Janeiro - his policy of protecting the forest by helping the people who live within it was seen as the best way forward.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/programmes/correspondent/2218954.stm (748 words)

	Environmentalist Alexandr Nikitin receives prestigious ",Chico Mendes Award",
		Chico Mendes campaigned to stop unsustainable logging for the same reasons Nikitin has campaigned against nuclear dumping -- so that their children would not inherit an economy that was poisoned and bereft of natural resources.
		Sierra Club's Chico Mendes Award recognizes individuals and organizations outside of the United States who have exhibited extraordinary courage and leadership in their efforts to protect the environment.
		Chico Mendes was born in Xapuri, Acre in the western Brazilian Amazon.
	www.bellona.no /en/international/russia/envirorights/nikitin/opinions/8165.html (801 words)

	Project Chico Mendes Combats Deforestation in Cantel, Quetzaltenango
		Chico Mendes reforestation group has recognized the need to reforest the region and is actively combating the destructive effects of deforestation.
		Chico Mendes is one of the largest reforestation groups in the department of Quetzaltenango.
		Chico Mendes always needs short- and long-term volunteers to work along side the Guatemalan volunteers to help on construction projects, build seedbeds, transplant seedlings, collect mulch, care for the plants in the nursery, plant trees, and help raise much-needed funds for materials.
	www.casaxelaju.com /voces/articles/art5.html (895 words)

	TVE's Earth Report: Chico’s Dream
		Chico Mendes was a second-generation rubber tapper, or seringueiro.
		Chico continued his reistance to developers and in 1997 won the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Global 500 Roll of Honour for Environmental Achievement, bringing him international recognition.
		So, though some of the friends of Chico Mendes may be in government, the juggernaut consuming the Amazon forest is still ravenous and insatiable.
	www.tve.org /earthreport/archive/doc.cfm?aid=1392 (2228 words)

	Making the Modern World - Chico Mendes
		Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, better known as Chico Mendes, was a rubber tapper, union leader and environmental activist.
		When Mendes saw that large swathes of forest were being cleared to make way for cattle pasture and strip mining he encouraged the rubber tappers to work together to defend the forest and their livelihoods.
		Mendes' death caused an international outcry and brought widespread attention to the plight of the seringueiros.
	www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk /people/BG.0040 (252 words)

	The New York Review of Books: WAS TAVORA THERE?
		Maxwell writes: "Távora told Chico Mendes that he had been part of the Prestes Column,… But Távora's participation seems unlikely, since he would have been far too young at the time." Maxwell adds that no one seems to have attempted to verify the claims about Távora.
		I would just like to mention that what Chico Mendes told me was that Távora had taken part in the attempted communist insurrection led by Luis Carlos Prestes in 1935, not the Prestes Column twelve years earlier.
		Chico also gave me the impression that Távora returned to Brazil and lived in the forest not so much because he had fears about his politics, but more for philosophical, or perhaps psychological, reasons.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/3101 (1370 words)

	Chico Mendes - International Wildlife Magazine - National Wildlife Federation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mendes and his rubber tappers drew the line at Cachoeira.
		In real life Mendes was a smallish man, with sad eyes and a droopy mustache, and hardly charismatic.
		As labor leader Chico Mendes was organizing rubber harvesters in 1987, the National Wildlife Federation was looking for ways to protect tropical forests.
	www.nwf.org /internationalwildlife/1998/mendes.html (2569 words)

	Chico - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chico Slimani, A singer on the The X Factor (television series)
		Chico is a Maiduan language consisting of several dialects previously spoken in northeastern California near the current city of Chico.
		This Indigenous languages of the Americas-related article is a stub.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chico (205 words)

	The Killing of Chico Mendes \| Bullfrog Films
		The story of rainforest defender, Chico Mendes, that ended with his 1988 assassination.
		The series concludes with the story of Chico Mendes whose brutal murder on December 22, 1988, provoked international protest and brought worldwide attention to the problem of Amazonian deforestation.
		Seeing their way of life threatened, Mendes formed the seringueiros into a union and led the fight to halt the devastation of the rainforest and to create protected areas, called "extractive reserves," to be managed by local seringueiros communities.
	www.bullfrogfilms.com /catalog/kocm.html (423 words)

	Journey Into Amazonia -- Teacher Resources -- Chico Mendes
		A Brazilian rubber tapper named Chico Mendes organized his fellow workers into the National Council of Rubber Tappers to protest the cutting of the trees by the cattle ranchers.
		Although Mendes was murdered in 1988, his former coworkers and activists worldwide continue his efforts.
		Students will be able to explain who Chico Mendes was and why his actions are important to preservation of parts of the Brazilian Amazon.
	www.pbs.org /journeyintoamazonia/teacher_chico.html (1153 words)

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