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	Marriage Blog - Families.com
		One of the challenges for writing the marriage blog is trying to see all the different twists, challenges and celebrations a marriage can encounter.
		The birth of a child is a wondrous thing and it will have a profound effect on you and your spouse.
		Sometimes it seems that the number one cause of rancor in a marriage is the division of household labor.
	marriage.families.com /blog (563 words)

	Child Marriage \| FORWARD
		Child marriage is now widely recognised as a violation of children's rights, a direct form of discrimination against the girl child who as a result of the practice is often deprived of her basic rights to health, education, development and equality.
		Child marriages must be viewed within a context of force and coercion, involving pressure and emotional flmail and children that lack the choice or capacity to give their full consent.
		Child marriage is a worldwide phenomenon but is most prevalent in Africa and Southern Asia and although its practice has decreased somewhat in recent decades, it remains common in, although not only confined to, rural areas and among the most poverty stricken [3].
	www.forwarduk.org.uk /key-issues/child-marriage (2833 words)

	Child Marriage in Nepal
		Child marriage in Nepal is not a new phenomenon.
		Child marriage was and is a common practice among the residents of the slum and squatter areas in the cities.
		Child marriage is a gross violation of child's rights ; it robs children of their childhood, hinders their growing up process and forces them into the dark abyss of an uncertain future.
	www.cwin.org.np /resources/issues/child_marriage.htm (4650 words)

	Population Council \| Transitions to Adulthood \| Child Marriage
		Child marriage violates girls’ human rights by excluding them from decisions regarding the timing of marriage and choice of spouse.
		In many instances, child marriage marks an abrupt initiation into sexual relations, often with a husband who is considerably older and a relative stranger.
		Naturally, wherever child marriage is prevalent, large populations of married girls also exist, and both girls at risk of child marriage and those already affected are in need of support and information.
	www.popcouncil.org /ta/mar.html (515 words)

	Health consequences of child marriage in Africa Emerging Infectious Diseases - Find Articles
		Child marriage is a human rights violation that prevents girls from obtaining an education, enjoying optimal health, bonding with others their own age, maturing, and ultimately choosing their own life partners.
		Child marriage is driven by poverty and has many effects on girls' health: increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases, cervical cancer, malaria, death during childbirth, and obstetric fistulas.
		Child marriages occur most frequently in South Asia, where 48% of women aged 15-24 have been married before the age of 18; these figures are 42% for Africa and 29% for Latin America and the Caribbean (2).
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GVK/is_11_12/ai_n16850829 (853 words)

	to EACH its OWN !!!!: Fight against child marriages in India
		What shocks me is that the reason often given in support of child marriages, is that it protect the girl from other men who, once she is married, may see her as being unavailable and belonging to someone else.
		Child marriages give the impression that, like sati, women and girls are seen as property that 'belongs' to someone - her family, her husband, her in-laws.
		Child support agencies catalogue the dire consequences that follow early marriage, particularly for girls: The child's education is sacrificed; girls become more vulnerable to domestic violence and are weakened by early pregnancies; and babies born to girls under 17 are 60 percent are more likely to die during their first year of life.
	sakshijuneja.blogspot.com /2005/09/fight-against-child-marriages-in-india.html (2200 words)

	Child Marriage in Africa \| CDC EID
		Child marriage is a human rights violation that prevents girls from obtaining an education, enjoying optimal health, bonding with others their own age, maturing, and ultimately choosing their own life partners.
		Child marriage is driven by poverty and has many effects on girls' health: increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases, cervical cancer, malaria, death during childbirth, and obstetric fistulas.
		Child marriages occur most frequently in South Asia, where 48% of women aged 15–24 have been married before the age of 18; these figures are 42% for Africa and 29% for Latin America and the Caribbean (2).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol12no11/06-0510.htm?s_cid=eid06_0510_x (4066 words)

	Child Marriage in Ancient India
		A response by Ramanujchari’s typifies the reformer’s view of child marriage, an evil which he thought that even the reformers were unaware, ".the practice of the selling of girls by their parents.
		Child Marriage Before the Fourth Century B.C. The Vedic mantras, such as the Rigveda mentioned that a girl could be married only when she was fully developed both physically and mentally and that she was to be fully developed physically before leaving her father’s home.
		Nearly all British educated Indians of the era parroted the English position that child marriage was an insidious evil and destroying the fabric of Indian society.
	www.stormloader.com /munaypata/India.htm (3631 words)

	BBC NEWS \| South Asia \| Priests act over child marriage
		Child marriage - an ancient Hindu custom - is banned by law in India, but is believed to be widely practised, particularly among the rural poor.
		Bishop Joseph Gomes of Nadia district - the man leading the initiative to end child marriages - said that those who have been punished may be accepted back to the fold if they publicly repent.
		Child marriages are punishable under law in India, but the tradition still continues and thousands of minors are married off every year, particularly in the rural areas where literacy is low.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/south_asia/6361303.stm (380 words)

	Factsheet: Child Marriage
		Child brides typically become sexually active as soon as they are married, and they face enormous pressure to bear children as soon as possible.
		Child marriage also removes girls from any continuing schooling opportunities, and so they lose out on the benefits of education: better health, lower fertility, and increased economic productivity.
		Child Marriage Briefing Mozambique, Population Council, August 2004, www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/briefingsheets/MOZAMBIQUE.pdf; Child Marriage Briefing Mali, Population Council, August 2004, www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/briefingsheets/MALI.pdf.
	www.iwhc.org /resources/childmarriagefacts.cfm (1335 words)

	Untitled Document
		The very idea of child marriage -- the use of a child as a bargaining chip, a counter in the game of family politics and inheritance -- is as abhorrent to us as it was apparently completely non-exceptionable in the 14th century.
		By "child" in this context is meant a male or female human being above the age of 7 -- for either gender -- and below the age of 14 for males, and 12 for females.
		Medieval child marriage, then, might well have been an elaborate doll-game involving pseudo-consent obtained from a dazzled child by overbearing parents (although precisely this pseudo-consent lay at the heart of the ecclesiastical litigation concerning dissolution of marriages, as brought by the few defiant and well-heeled children and their friends in the period).
	www.thedigitalfolklife.org /childmarriage.htm (1728 words)

	UNICEF - Child protection from violence, exploitation and abuse - Early marriage
		They may think that child marriage offers protection for their daughter from the dangers of sexual assault, or more generally, offers the care of a male guardian.
		Child marriage may also be seen as a strategy to avoid girls becoming pregnant outside marriage.
		In addition, children who refuse to marry or who choose a marriage partner against the wishes of their parents are often punished or even killed by their families in so-called ‘honour killings.
	www.unicef.org /protection/index_earlymarriage.html (607 words)

	CHILD MARRIAGE RESTRAINT ACT
		Whereas it is expedient to restrain the solemnization of child marriages:
		Whoever, being a male above eighteen years of age, contracts child marriage shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.
		Whoever performs, conducts or directs any child marriage shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both, unless he proves that he had reason to believe that the marriage was not a child marriage.
	www.vakilno1.com /saarclaw/pakistan/child_marriage_restraint_act.htm (723 words)

	grhf: south asia: forums: crimes against women: child marriage: who cares for child marriages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The child brides or grooms may not understand the solemnity of these ceremonies, but for the elders it is the safest and most tested way of keeping property and money within the family.
		Officially, the child is the wife of some widower but in fact she becomes the common property of all the male members of the family.
		Further, Section 12 of the amended Child Marriage Restrain Act empowers the magistrate to issue in junctions prohibiting marriages in contravention of this Act, but before issuing injunction the affected parties have to be given a notice to enable them to present their defence.
	www.hsph.harvard.edu /grhf-asia/forums/childmar/articles/whocares.html (1513 words)

	Child Marriage - Americans for UNFPA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Child marriage denies girls the right to an education and the opportunity to realize their full potential.
		A child bride faces greater health risks and experiences real physical violation and trauma as her young body is forced to deal with early sexual activity and the strains of pregnancy and childbirth.
		Also, where young girls are perceived as an economic liability, their marriage may form part of a family’s survival strategy because girls are married to these older and presumably economically stable men.
	www.americansforunfpa.org /site/c.enKMIRNpEkG/b.1215605/k.8D1D/Child_Marriage.htm (491 words)

	The Rising Nepal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Thus, child marriage should be taken as a serious social malady as it plays with the lives of tender, innocent children.
		Child marriage is also against the rights of children, while it is the responsibility of the society to protect the children.
		Child marriage is just one form of violating the rights of children.
	www.gorkhapatra.org.np /content.php?nid=6827 (557 words)

	Tags - Child Marriage - Instablogs Community
		Child marriage is banned in India but the story is different on the implementation level.
		Child marriage is not a new trend and is prevalent in Afghanistan since long, not only this child marriages here are even warranted in some versions of Islamic texts and tradition.
		Marriage below the age of 18 for girls and 21 for boys is illegal in India under the Child Marriage Prevention Act of 1929.
	www.instablogs.com /tags/child-marriage (818 words)

	Anti-Poverty Efforts Face Child Marriage Hurdle
		Reducing child mortality, improving maternal health and eliminating the gender gap in education are all United Nations millennium development goals, a set of eight targets agreed to by world leaders six years ago in the effort to eradicate global poverty by 2015.
		Countries where child marriage is widespread tend to have high rates of poverty; more than three-quarters of the people in Bangladesh, Mali, Mozambique and Niger live on less than $2 a day.
		Child brides may face a higher risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases than unmarried sexually active teens, according to research by the University of Chicago.
	www.womensenews.org /article.cfm/dyn/aid/2831/context/archive (1357 words)

	Child marriage a dangerous tradition
		Child marriage is a widespread, dangerous cultural tradition desperately in need of global attention.
		Moreover, child brides are pressured to bear a child within the first year of marriage, making girls susceptible to an increased risk of death and injury.
		This condition, commonly associated with child marriage, occurs when the pressure of a baby's head in an underdeveloped birth canal ruptures a young mother's vagina and rectum, causing uncontrollable leakage of feces and urine.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /opinion/181142_child08.html (746 words)

	Increasing Marriage Would Dramatically Reduce Child Poverty
		As noted, the marriage simulation data presented in Charts 1, 2, and 3 and Tables 3 and 4 pertain to the “marriageable” couples within the Fragile Families survey—i.e., those who, at the time of the child’s birth, are cohabiting or living separately but are still romantically involved.
		Children who are raised in marriage by their biological mother and father are dramatically less likely to have emotional and behavioral problems, to be physically abused, to become involved in crime, to fail in school, to abuse drugs, and to end up on welfare as adults.
		The erosion of marriage and the increase in single-parent families are major causes of child poverty and welfare dependence in the United States.
	www.heritage.org /Research/Family/cda0306.cfm (5289 words)

	Child Marriage
		The most popular form of marriage was Swayamvara where grooms assembled at the bride' s house and the bride selected her spouse.
		The custom of child marriages with the 'bride' and 'groom' still in their cradles was a culmination of this tendency.
		This difficulty could be avoided when the marriage was between two children or babies where there was no question of their having any sense of choice as to who their partners in life should be.
	www.vivaaha.org /child.htm (818 words)

	Consequences of child marriage in Yemen - Yemen Times
		However, what’s more tragic is child marriage, where neither the young boy or girl have any idea about marriage and its responsibilities.
		An ancient phenomenon, early marriage is increasing in the 21st century, but its consequences are enormous, as boys and their young brides are forced to drop out of school, take on responsibilities for which they have no capacity and ultimately, become victims of spontaneous divorces that break up families.
		But the child brides and grooms are victimized more so because it’s not their decision to marry in the first place.
	yementimes.com /article.shtml?i=998&p=report&a=1 (1006 words)

	Global Health Council - Child Marriage
		Washington, D.C. Child marriage is a significant but often neglected development problem that affects the health and well-being of millions of girls in poor countries.
		Marriage at such early ages undermines many of the core development goals held by the United States.
		Recently 46 religious leaders expressed their concern about the growing practice of child marriage and called for efforts to reduce its frequency.
	www.globalhealth.org /events/child_marriage_form.php (160 words)

	Too Young To Wed: Child Marriage In Their Own Words (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In most societies, marriage is a celebrated institution signifying a union between two adults and the beginning of their future together.
		Countries with a high percentage of child marriage are more likely to experience extreme and persistent poverty, and high levels of maternal and child mortality.
		Through these stories, this exhibit provides an opportunity to witness child marriage from the inside, and to learn what is being done to improve the lives of child brides and prevent at-risk girls from marrying when they are too young to wed.
	www.icrw.org /photoessay/html/intro.htm (217 words)

	The Injustice and Injury of Child Marriage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the long run child marriage usually is part of a vicious cycle that keeps girls and whole communities in poverty, since a girl will almost always stop her education once she is married, curtailing hopes of making a better or independent living in the future.
		The marriage was consummated when Takia was 11, and that same year she gave birth to a daughter, Layla.
		But child marriage is extremely common world-wide, and presents a major obstacle to women’s health, independence, economic survival and general well-being.
	www.gnn.tv /headlines/10646/The_Injustice_and_Injury_of_Child_Marriage (515 words)

	International News \| Chicago Tribune Examines Child Marriage's 'Brutal' Effects on Girls Worldwide - ...
		Child marriage -- which affects about 51 million girls in developing countries worldwide -- puts women at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS or developing health complications from becoming pregnant at an early age.
		Child marriage -- which is common in India, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa -- also has negative and lasting consequences for women's health, education and overall economic development (
		The "most far-reaching injustice" of child marriage is that girls are pulled out of school, "condemn[ing]" them to "lives of ignorance and dire poverty from which they rarely escape," according to the
	www.kaisernetwork.org /daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?DR_ID=27222 (633 words)

	Why Child Marriage from the Chapter "Marriage", in Hindu Dharma : kamakoti.org:
		The innocent child that she is now, she will have the humility to regard her husband in an attitude of surrender in the thoughts that he alone is her guru and that he alone is her Isvara
		If the system of child marriage is opposed and changed on the pretext of bringing about the social advancement of women, it will only serve the purpose of causing injury to their Atmic advancement.
		That the system of early marriage led to the existence of child widows is said to be a blot on the Hindu religion.
	www.kamakoti.org /hindudharma/part18/chap6.htm (2524 words)

	The Effect of Marriage on Child Poverty
		Marriage might be seen as a kind of social inoculant that helps protect children from these social ills, although it does not absolutely guarantee protection.
		Restoration of marriage to 1960 levels among fls would have a similar effect; their child poverty rate would fall by nearly a third from the current level of 27.5 percent to 20.5 percent.
		In his simulations of child poverty and inequality, he adjusts the earnings of single men who are hypothetically "married" to take into consideration the effect of marriage in increasing earnings.
	www.heritage.org /Research/Family/CDA02-04.cfm (4027 words)

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