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Topic: Chili (capsicum)

	Pepper, Chili -- Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum frutescens L.
		Chili constitutes one of the three main commercial types of hot-fleshed (pungent) peppers.
		Mexican chilis are the most pungent of the large-fruited chilis and strains are widely grown in the Southwest, and in central and northern Mexico, where they are preferred for earliness.
		Chili peppers are well adapted to growing in containers, for each plant is highly prolific, colorful, and generally attractive.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /MV112 (1007 words)

	Chile pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The chile pepper, chili pepper or chilli pepper is the fruit of the plant Capsicum from the nightshade family, Solanaceae.
		Chili powder is a spice made of the dried ground chiles, usually of the Mexican chile ancho variety, but with small amounts of cayenne added for heat.
		Chili is also quite popular, but its use is discouraged by some, as this word is more commonly used to refer to a popular Southwestern dish (chili is the official state dish of Texas [2]), as well as to the mixture of cumin and other spices (chili powder) used to flavor it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chili_pepper (1299 words)

	The Capsicum Plant - The Great Chilli farm
		Capsicums are members of the Solanaceae family, which includes the potato, eggplant or bringal, tomato and tobacco plants.
		The spelling "chile" or "chili" derives from the Spanish and "chilli" or "chilly" from the Aztec.
		Capsicums are prone to attack by Red Spider mites, which suck the sap of the plants in hot dry weather and cause mottling on the upper leaves; these eventually turn bronze and fall off.
	www.chillifarm.com /chilli_info/the_capsicum_plant.asp (854 words)

	CAPSICUM PEPPER
		The reported life zone for capsicum peppers is 7 to 29 degrees centigrade with an annual precipitation of 0.3 to 4.6 meters and a soil pH of 4.3 to 8.7 (4.1-31).
		Chilies and chili pepper from cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum frutescens L. are employed as a flavoring in many foods, such as curry powder and tabasco sauce.
		Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum frutescens L. are generally recognized as safe for human consumption as spices/natural flavorings and as plant extracts/oleoresins (21 CFR sections 182.10, [1982]).
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/med-aro/factsheets/CAPSICUM_PEPPER.html (798 words)

	Food Product Design: Spice Rack - February 2001 - Capsicums
		Capsicum oleoresin is solvent-extracted from ground red pepper and standardized to desired heat levels.
		Chili powder is used industrially in chili con carne, barbecue sauces, dips, potato chips, crackers, sauce mixes and Mexican-style foods.
		As with ground chili pepper, chili powder may be produced with varying degrees of pungency and in different colors, from bright red to mahogany.
	www.foodproductdesign.com /archive/2001/0201sr.html (1055 words)

	Ethnobotanical Leaflets
		In fact, chili peppers were among the first plants to be domesticated, due to its weedy nature and the easy transportability of its seeds (Andrews 1984).
		The pre-Columbian Indians used chili peppers as a medicine, as a punishment for children (inhalation of the smoke of burning chili peppers), and as a kind of tear gas during warfare (chili peppers were burned and the smoke blown by the wind over to enemy lines) (Andrews 1984).
		Today chili peppers are sometimes used as a sore throat cure (10 drops of Tabasco sauce in a glass of water), as a food preservative because of its strong antioxidant properties, as a safe food-coloring, and as a flavoring for such products as ginger ale and ginger beer (Proulx 1985).
	www.siu.edu /~ebl/leaflets/peppers.htm (1572 words)

	The Capsicum Plant - Chili-Seeds.com - buy chili seeds, hot peppers, many chilli recipes, read about growing chillies, ...
		Capsicums are members of the Solanaceae family, which includes the potato, eggplant or bringal, tomato and tobacco plants.
		The spelling "chile" or "chili" derives from the Spanish and "chilli" or "chilly" from the Aztec.
		Capsicums are prone to attack by Red Spider mites, which suck the sap of the plants in hot dry weather and cause mottling on the upper leaves; these eventually turn bronze and fall off.
	www.chili-seeds.com /the_capsicum_plant.asp (858 words)

	Chili Pepper - ENaturalHealthCenter.com (e2121.com)
		Chili pepper is extensively cultivated throughout the world but especially to tropical Asia and equatorial America for their edible, pungent fruits.
		The genus Capsicum comprises all the varied forms of fleshy-fruited chili peppers grown as herbaceous annuals--the red, green, and yellow chili peppers rich in vitamins A and C that are used in seasoning and as a vegetable food.
		Hot chilies, or hot peppers, used as relishes, pickled, or ground into a fine powder for use as spices, derive their pungency from the compound capsaicin, a substance characterized by acrid vapors and burning taste, that is located in the internal partitions of the fruit.
	www.e2121.com /food_db/viewherb.php3?viewid=35&setlang= (1401 words)

	Capsicum Peppers: The Whole Story
		Capsicum annuum L. is a herbaceous annual that reaches a height of one meter and has glabrous or pubescent lanceolate leaves, white flowers, and fruit that vary in length, color, and pungency depending upon the cultivar.
		The word "chili" is a variation of "chil" derived from the Nahuatl (Aztec) dialect which referred to plants now known as Capsicum, whereas "aji" is a variation of "axi" from the extinct Arawak dialect of the Caribbean.
		The reported life zone for capsicum peppers is 7 to 29 degrees centigrade with an annual precipitation of 0.3 to 4.6 meters and a soil pH of 4.3 to 8.7.
	www.calantilles.com /capsicum_peppers.htm (2380 words)

	Capsicum from Herbal Extracts Plus
		Capsicum is a small-fruited pepper that is native to tropical and sub-tropical zones of Latin America and southern Asia.
		Capsicum peppers vary greatly in the amount of heat and are actually categorized from anywhere between 0 to 300,000 scovile units with green peppers at 0, while the hottest, the habaneras, weigh in at 300,000.
		Capsicum is believed to counter shock, and when the powder or extract is placed on or under the tongue, it has been said to help alleviate crisis situations such as shock, hemorrhage and heart attack.
	www.herbalextractsplus.com /capsicum.cfm (1294 words)

	Chili peppers in mexican cuisine
		The indigenous populations of Mexico first collected chili peppers from the wild, and later cultivated them for use in cooking or used them as a preservative for meat and fish because of their anti-microbial properties.
		Chili peppers, which are technically a fruit (berry) but classified as a vegetable, are high in vitamins C and A (as beta-carotene), as well as potassium, iron, and fiber.
		For example, chili peppers can be used as an ingredient in meat rubs or dry marinades for meat or fish before roasting or barbequing or they are roasted and blended with cream to make a sauce for meat.
	www.happynews.com /living/cooking/chili-peppers-mexican.htm (771 words)

	YaleGlobal Online Magazine
		Chili peppers are thought to have been eaten in Meso-America as early as 5000 BCE and to have been growing since 7000 BCE.
		Despite Spain's apparent early claim to the chili pepper, the Portuguese appear to be the first traders to have spread the chili pepper globally.
		Chili peppers had become such a crucial part of the Africans' diet that slave traders had to bring large quantities with them on their trans-Atlantic voyages.
	yaleglobal.yale.edu /about/chili.jsp (1442 words)

	Chili Peppers
		The hotness of chili peppers is often measured on a scale devised by pharmacist Wilbur Scoville in 1912.
		Now available in the form of a prescription drug, capsicum ointment is applied to the skin to aid in controlling the pain associated with herpes zoster, also known as shingles, as well as neuralgia and postoperative amputation trauma.
		The active ingredient in Capsicum is a compound called capsaicin that functions to deplete 'substance P', which is involved in the transmission of pain from the skin to the spinal cord.
	www.herbalhut.com /chili_peppers.htm (996 words)

	Selective Enzyme-Mediated Extraction of Capsaicinoids and Carotenoids from Chili Guajillo Puya (Capsicum annuum L.) ...
		For the case of chili flour, various enzymes were active toward some components during the enzymatic treatment, as shown by a reduction in total mass and the increase in soluble reducing power during the first hour of reaction (Figure 2).
		Examination of the chili flour without treatment by light microscopy showed that the protein globules detected with Amido Black (Figure 3A) are also stained with Sudan Black (Figure 3B), a specific stain for lipids, cutin, and waxes.
		Figure 4 shows that while the same amount of carotenoids is extracted directly from the chili flour from samples presoaked in water followed by drying, when Viscozyme L or Peczyme 5XAL was added during the aqueous treatment, increases of up to 11% in carotenoids and 7% in capsaicinoids extraction yields were obtained.
	www.geocities.com /wstarron/capsaicinarticle12.htm (3335 words)

	Capsicum - Cayenne Pepper - Red Hot Chili Peppers
		Capsicum (red pepper) is the most pronounced, natural and ideal stimulant known in the entire materia medica.
		Capsicum has been used as a digestive aid to ease intestinal inflammation, stimulate protective mucus membranes of the stomach, and also relieve pain caused by ulcers.
		Capsicum is commonly used to buffer pain from other ailments, including arthritis, varicose veins, headaches, menstrual cramps and respiratory conditions such as asthma.
	www.slimandsexy.ca /ingred-capsicumpowder.htm (590 words)

	Chili peppers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Aside from their eye-opening flavor, perhaps the most surprising feature of chili peppers is their vitamin C content--91 milligrams in 1/4 cup of fresh chilies.
		Chili peppers are cultivated in a range of sizes, shapes, and degrees of hotness.
		To add the mildest chili flavor to food, cut a few slits in a whole chili pepper, impale it on a toothpick or skewer, then add it to food that is already cooking.
	www.wholehealthmd.com /refshelf/foods_view/1,1523,132,00.html (1848 words)

	Chili Peppers,Dried Chili Peppers,Capsicum Annum,Dried Chilli Peppers
		Chili is the dried ripe fruit of the genus capsicum.
		Capsicum annum is an annual sub-shrub, the flowers of which are borne singly and fruits usually pendent.
		Chili pepper is the fruit of the plant capsicum from the nightshade family.
	www.dry-flowers.net /chili-peppers.html (252 words)

	Chili - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chili Palmer - a character in Elmore Leonard's books Get Shorty and Be Cool; played by John Travolta in the movies based on the books.
		The funk rock band the Red Hot Chili Peppers are often shortened to 'the Chilies'.
		The Town of Chili in Monroe County, New York - a suburb of Rochester, New York
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chili (192 words)

	Cookbook:Chili Pepper - Wikibooks
		The chili pepper (also spelled chilli and chile) is the fruit of the plant capsicum of the nightshade (Solanaceae) family.
		Well-known dishes with a strong chili flavor are salsa, Mexican chili con carne and Indian vindaloo.
		Chili powder is a spice made of the dried ground chiles, usually of the Mexican Ancho variety, but with small amounts of cayenne added for heat.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Cookbook:Capsicum (687 words)

	botany/capsicum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Spanish word "Chili" describes Peppers of all kinds, but in English, the name is usually only applied to the pungent varieties used for flavoring.
		The last named includes Chili, Cayenne and Long Yellow.
		Varieties of hot Pepper are: Hungarian Wax, Large Cherry, Long Red Cayenne, Maule's Red-Hot, Red Chili and Tabasco.
	www.botany.com /capsicum.htm (771 words)

	Spices > Chili \| Chilli
		Chilli or pepper (Capsicum) is any of a great number of plants of the night shade family, Solanaceae, extensively cultivated throughout tropical Asia and equatorial America for their edible, pungent fruits.
		The genus Capsicum comprised all the varied forms of fleshy-fruited peppers grown as herbaceous annuals - the red, green, and yellow pepper rich in vitamins A and C that are used in seasoning and as a vegetablefood.
		Its level varies widely in capsicum peppers, from less than 0.05% in the mildly pungent types to as high as 1.3% in the hottest chilies.
	chef2chef.net /kb/index_v2.php?id=2898&c=13 (655 words)

	Herbs of Grace - Working with nature to preserve nature™
		Chronic occupational exposure to chili peppers is associated with complaints of cough but the cough response to capsaicin inhalation may be modified by the effects of multiple, potentially interactive factors.
		Oleoresin capsicum (OC), extracts containing a multitude of natural compounds at irregular concentrations was confirmed by organic and inorganic analyses performed on OC sprays produced by two manufacturers licensed for distribution within the state of California.
		Capsicum annuum fruits undergo changes in content of capsaicinoids, lignin, and free phenolics during the maturation process, with capsaicinoids levels increasing during development and free phenolics and lignin levels decreasing during development.
	www.herbsofgrace.co.uk /herbmed.php?hmid=80&vs=fi_tR_p0&id=39OQ132W8QsoAup3 (3731 words)

	Capsicum - Herbs & Supplements - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		Although capsicum may cause heartburn for many individuals, its most common oral use is to treat digestive complaints such as colic, gas, indigestion, and poor appetite.
		Chemicals in capsicum have been shown to increase not only the amount of acid the stomach produces, but also the blood flow in the lining of the stomach and intestines.
		Capsicum may also affect the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet, thereby keeping blood sugar levels from fluctuating widely after meals.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/DVH/HerbsWho/0,3923,4095\|Capsicum,00.html (538 words)

	Peppers: History and Exploitation of a Serendipitous New Crop Discovery
		Capsicum annuum probably became the dominant pepper globally in part because it was the first pepper discovered by Columbus and other New World explorers (Andrews in press).
		Capsicum chinense remains the least understood of the four domesticated taxa with respect to center of origin and probable progenitor.
		Capsicum germplasm collections are now maintained in a number of facilities in the United States, as well as Mexico, Costa Rica, Bolivia, and Brazil.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1993/V2-132.html (3938 words)

	Smithsonian scientists report ancient chili pepper history
		Smithsonian researchers and colleagues report that across the Americas, chili peppers (Capsicum species) were cultivated and traded as early as 6,000 years ago—predating the invention of pottery in some areas of the Americas.
		The chili remains were associated with previously identified corn, achira, arrowroot, leren, yuca, squash, beans and palm fruit, adding to the picture of an early, complex agricultural system in that region.
		Chilies were found at a site occupied 4,000 ybp in the Peruvian Andes, with microscopic remains of corn, arrowroot and possibly potato.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2007-02/s-ssr021207.php (737 words)

	Asian Recipes Online - Kitchen Review - The Role of Chilies in Asian Cooking
		Like sweet peppers, many chilies start out green and ripen to red, while others change from yellow to red and finally brown or even fl, so what might appear to be a basket of assorted chilies could turn out to be the same type of chili in varying degrees of ripeness.
		Chilies in many Asian countries are eaten out of hand, as snacks, and it is quite common to see cooks with a habit of determining the strength of the chilies by nibbling a sample from a market stall before buying them.
		Chilies stored this way can keep well for up to a week or more, but it is always a good idea to check occasionally and discard any that begin to show signs of softening.
	www.asianrecipesonline.com /review/chilies.php (952 words)

	About Chilipeppers
		The chili pepper, chile pepper or chilli pepper, or simply chili, chile or chilli, is the fruit of the plant Capsicum from the nightshade family,
		chili powder is composed of dried ground chile peppers, cumin, garlic and oregano.
		There are entire breeds of chili pepper which are not intended for consumption at all, but are grown only for their decorative qualities, generally referred to as "ornamental peppers".
	www.chilipepper.com /AboutChilipeppers/tabid/57/Default.aspx (1627 words)

	capsicum_spaghetti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Use at least one large or two smaller capsicums per person, the more you use the less tomato is required and the more distinctive the flavor.
		Cut capsicum along the outer ridges and around the stem and end so as to get 3 to 5 pieces that are fairly flat.
		If you get the proportions right, the roasted capsicum will be the main flavor, but the flavors of the chili, basil and pine nuts should be subtly and individually identifiable.
	members.optusnet.com.au /~grahamsuth/recipes/Capsicum_spaghetti.html (476 words)

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