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Topic: Chinese CO2 emissions

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	Carbon dioxide emissions in mainland China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The major difficulty in calculating CO emissions in mainland China was that mainland China was massively restructuring its coal and petroleum industries in the late 1990's making year to year comparisons very difficult.
		Both of these meant that there could have been a large amount of fossil fuel burning which was not included in the official statistics.
		In reality it is highly probable that CO emissions actually rose considerably over the time period in question, given the phenomenal economic growth which was taking place at the same time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_CO2_emissions (214 words)

	Kyoto Protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Also, emission levels of former Warsaw Pact countries who now are members of the EU have already been reduced as a result of their economic restructuring.
		Rona Ambrose, who considers the emission trading concept to be flawed, replaced Stephane Dion as the environment minister and the chief overseer of the protocol in the United Nations.
		Wigley, T.M.L. The Kyoto Protocol: CO2, CH4, and climate, Geophys.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kyoto_Protocol (6264 words)

	TRENDS: CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		As a result, Chinese fossil-fuel CO emissions reached an all-time high of 1131 million metric tons of carbon in 2003.
		Even with the decline in Chines emissions from 1996 to 2000, China's industrial emissions of CO have grown phenomenally since 1950, when China stood tenth among nations based on annual fossil-fuel CO emissions.
		Per capita emissions increased considerably over this period but their 2003 rate of 0.86 metric tons of carbon is still well below the global average.
	cdiac.ornl.gov /trends/emis/tre_prc.htm (304 words)

	Technical Notes–Apec : A Decade of Progress
		Data for Chinese Taipei were derived from a range of sources, including the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade’s publication The APEC Region Trade and Investment (various years) and the Asian Development Bank’s Asian Development Outlook 1999, or were derived from other Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) sources.
		Comparable inflow and outflow data for Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong, China, were not available prior to 1992, so these economies are excluded from the statistics for the APEC economies presented in chart 1.4.
		Data on extended genuine savings and its various components — extended gross savings, depreciation, natural resource depletion and CO emissions — were obtained from the World Bank’s internet site (http://www.worldbank.org), where it is possible to download genuine savings results for a range of economies over the period 1970–94.
	www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca /canada-apec/apec-section06-en.asp (1919 words)

	[SafeClimate] SafeClimate News \| Bush and Koizumi Discuss Kyoto; US CO2 Emissions on the Rise \| July 10th, 2001
		Meanwhile, a new report from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) found that CO2 emissions in the United States were up 2.7% in 2000 -- the largest increase since 1996, and a big jump from each of the previous two years, in which the annual rise was 1.5%.
		CO2 from US residential (3.2%) and commercial sectors (3.9%) grew the fastest, due to more fossil fuel use for heating purposes during a cold winter, according to the EIA, but emissions from all sectors increased significantly, including transportation (2.6%) and industrial (1.8%).
		While falls in China’s emissions have been primarily caused by the replacement of coal-burning power plants with those fueled by natural gas, China is also increasingly looking to renewable energy for its future energy needs.
	www.safeclimate.net /business/newsandlibrary/article_detail.php?id=114 (947 words)

	Emissions of CO2 - selected countries (1995) - Climate Change (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Per capita, the significant emissions still are produced by the OECD countries.- A major issue of debate is the sharing of responsibility.
		Non-industrialised countries strive to increase their population's standard of living, thereby also increasing their emissions of greenhouse gases, since economic development is closely associated with energy production.
		However, per capita the Chinese emissions are very low compared to the no. 1 on the list, the USA.
	www.grida.no /climate/vital/11.htm (188 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Climate change: The big emitters
		For the agreement to become a legally binding treaty, it had to be ratified by countries which together were responsible for at least 55% of the total 1990 emissions reported by the industrialised countries and emerging economies which made commitments to reduce their emissions under the protocol.
		It was responsible for 8.5% of emissions in 1990 and its support for the agreement has been critical in the absence of US participation.
		India's emissions are estimated to have risen by more than 50% in the 1990s, although the country has only submitted emissions figures to the UN for one year, 1994.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/3143798.stm (1003 words)

	Green Car Congress: Emissions
		Emissions of CO from the Ford Focus FFV were measured on a well-to-wheel basis, factoring in the entire life cycle of the fuel.
		Declines in emissions from gasoline and jet fuel were offset by increases in distillate and residual fuel emissions.
		Carbon emissions from aviation could triple to 0.40 Gt carbon/year to account for 3% of the world’s anthropogenic carbon emissions by 2050 (relative to the mid-range IPCC emission scenario (IS92a)) according to the reference scenario in the latest climate change study by scientists at Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) (UK).
	www.greencarcongress.com /emissions (11146 words)

	[SafeClimate] SafeClimate News \| Europeans Respond to Bush Administration Climate Plans; Scientists Report on Health ...
		A new report was released by the European Climate Change Programme, stating that the EU could comply with twice the greenhouse gas emissions reductions called for in the Protocol at very little cost.
		Yet a recent report from the Natural Resources Defense Council finds that China has reduced its CO2 emissions 17% since 1997, compared to an increase in the US of 14% over the same period.
		Indeed, Chinese CO2 emissions for 2000 are estimated to be about equal to those in 1992, despite growth in the nation's economy of about 36% since then.
	www.safeclimate.net /business/newsandlibrary/article_detail.php?id=115 (820 words)

	Co2 Sequestration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Artificial carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a plan to mitigate global warming and climate change by capturing CO2 from sources such as power plants and the petroleum industry and then storing it safely―primarily in underground deposits― instead of releasing it into the atmosphere.
		The CO2 can be stored into geological underground formations, in the ocean at depths of 1000 meters or more, or in stable minerals, thereby trapping it for good.
		Hydrogen from nuclear power produces relatively low CO2 emissions, but comprises a host of environmental burdens in a whole range of other areas when compared to the use of natural gas with CO2 capture and storage, concludes a recent thesis issued by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
	www.bellona.org /subjects/CO2_sequestration (457 words)

	SNL - GAIA - China Model Results, Greenhouse Gas
		Although coal generates by far the largest portion of total carbon dioxide emissions in both 1998 and 2025, the percent of total emissions from that resource drops from 81 to 75% from 1998 to 2025; emissions from natural gas and oil increase by factors of 5.1 and 4.7, respectively.
		Figures 6, 7, and 8 present total CH emissions in China for 1998 and 2025 allocated by energy resource and by consumption sector.
		The percent allocations of total CH emissions from energy resources remain the same; the relative contributions of methane emissions from the consumption sectors, however, change over time.
	www.sandia.gov /gaia/igaia/China/greengas.html (634 words)

	UK Must Drastically Cut CO2; China’s Emissions Trends
		The Royal Commission argues that the UK must reduce emissions of carbon dioxide by 60 percent by 2050, stating that, "Credible scenarios for 2050 can deliver a 60 percent cut in CO2 emissions, but large changes would be needed both in the energy system and in society."
		The PIU report also recommends that the UK use "economic instruments" such as emission permits and taxes, increase energy efficiency, and expand the use of renewable energy sources to reach a 60 percent reduction.
		Even if the electricity sector were to achieve zero CO2 emissions, however, it would still be necessary to substantially shift away from oil in the transportation sector, according to the report (BBC, December 13, 2001).
	www.globalwarming.org /article.php?uid=488 (552 words)

	19/12/2005 -- Trade can 'export' CO2 emissions
		This issue of "carbon leakage" is matched in controversy potential by another related argument; that western countries own up to emissions produced within their shores, when in fact they should be responsible for all emissions connected with the goods and products which they consume.
		They are "saving" their own emissions, the argument goes, at the expense of developing countries.
		Nevertheless, Shui Bin is adamant that the global community should have a try; the way carbon emissions are measured currently is flawed, she believes, and could penalise developing countries unfairly.
	www.climateark.org /articles/reader.asp?linkid=49658 (849 words)

	The Heartland Institute - Chinese CO2 Emissions Surge - by James M. Taylor
		The Heartland Institute - Chinese CO2 Emissions Surge - by James M. Taylor
		The nation’s increasing consumption of coal and oil promise to further accelerate emissions growth.
		Reports on surging greenhouse gas emissions in China underscore objections to the Kyoto Protocol voiced by the U.S., Russia, and Australia: that the Protocol will be ineffective so long as “developing” nations such as China and India are exempt from the treaty.
	www.heartland.org /Article.cfm?artId=14020 (359 words)

	The Green Life Blog: Trading CO2 Emissions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The BBC reports that US researchers have found that part of the reason for the drop in CO2 emissions in more developed countries is in fact leading to an increase in global emissions: trade.
		For example, the US was able to reduce its emissions by three percent from 1997-2003 by manufacturing goods in China and importing them, but this reduction was matched and increased by Chinese emissions in the same time period, rising 14 percent accounted for by exports to the US.
		Clearly, reducing global emissions requires more than shifting production and emissions around, as some critics say is encouraged by the Kyoto Protocol.
	www.thegreenlife.org /blog/archives/000098.html (315 words)

	ScienceDaily: CO2 Injection Boosts Oil Recovery, Captures Emissions
		The project then recovers some of the CO2 that is a byproduct of the fermentation process involved in corn ethanol production and uses it for a CO2 EOR flood in the Hall-Gurney field in central Kansas.
		CO2 EOR projects are proliferating in the United States as operating costs of these projects and CO2 prices have dropped sharply in recent years.
		If CO2 flooding were implemented across the entire Hall-Gurney oilfield, it would require CO2 waste gas volumes from the equivalent of five such ethanol plants.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/01/050110091718.htm (2011 words)

	06/15/01 -- China Beats U.S. in Greenhouse Gas Cuts
		By comparison, carbon dioxide emissions in the United States have jumped 14 percent since 1997.
		Yet estimated Chinese CO2 emissions for 2000 are at about the same level they were in 1992.
		Even if the Chinese economy continues to grow five percent to six percent per year, by 2020 China's carbon dioxide emissions still will be significantly below U.S. emissions levels in 1990, according to estimates by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL).
	www.climateark.org /articles/2001/2nd/chbeatus.htm (948 words)

	Hong Kong Travel Topic Center - Travel to China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Chinese CO2 emissions The NRDC released two conflicting statistics about carbon dioxide emissions in mainland China.
		New Territories The New Territories (Chinese: and#26032;and#30028; Xin1jie4) is the area of land in Hong Kong, north of the Kowloon pen...
		Ming Pao Ming Pao is a Chinese language newspaper, is a publication by the Ming Pao Group in Hong Kong.
	www.famouschinese.com /topic/Hong_Kong_Travel (3203 words)

	Co2 Emissions: See what people are saying right now on Technorati
		Co2 Emissions: See what people are saying right now on Technorati
		The general idea is that the increased amount of CO2 in the...
		The UK Government has opted to propose a cut of target carbon emissions of 8 million tonnes pa, at the upper end of the range they were said to be...
	www.technorati.com /tag/co2+emissions (416 words)

	FuturePundit: New England To Limit CO2 Emissions
		While a CO2 reduction will reduce some other pollutants as well the same amount of money could reduce those other pollutants much more if CO2 reduction is not part of the equation.
		One additional method that the New England states can use to reduce their CO2 emissions would be to outsource all their manufacturing industry to other states that are not part of the CO2 reduction scheme or to China.
		Were the senators from the northeast to shut their ever-open, global-warming mouths, CO2 emissions would drop at least 10%.
	www.futurepundit.com /archives/003189.html (3226 words)

	The Costs of Limiting Fossil-Fuel CO2 Emissions
		The cost of emissions reductions is always computed as a difference in a given measure of performance between a reference scenario and a scenario that involves lower emissions.
		Halving these values lowered global baseline emissions by 13% in 2050; the impact on abatement costs may be expected to be much larger unless the bulk of substitution is governed by backstop technologies.
		For a given total emissions over the next century, for example, simply delaying initial abatement efforts would both delay the start of such a transition and increase the rate and degree of abatement that would ultimately have to be pursued.
	sedac.ciesin.org /mva/iamcc.tg/articles/GE1993/GE1993.html (18907 words)

	Re: Uppsala: global warming: saved by low fossil fuel reserves?
		Chinese CO2 emissions are declining, those of most industrial countries are declining, US emissions are increasing
		The per capita level of Chinese CO2 emissions are a small fraction
		Next thing the Chinese will be saying their emissions are almost zero, and only here will you find a few dopes to believe them.
	www.usenet.com /newsgroups/sci.chem/msg02506.html (433 words)

	China cuts CO2
		By beginning to make the transition away from coal, implementing some energy efficiency and restructuring its economy, the Chinese have reduced CO2 emissions by 17% over what they would have been, in the four years since 1997, NRDC says.
		Over the past decade, China’s overall CO2 emissions have grown 8.4 percent, while emissions of CO2 in the US have climbed 14 percent.
		China is second only to the US in terms of CO2 emissions and experts had predicted it would overtake the US by 2020.
	technology.open.ac.uk /eeru/natta/renewonline/rol35/12.html (501 words)

	Planet Ark : Government in drive to cut CO2 emissions
		The UK has a national goal of a 20 percent reduction in CO2 emissions by 2010, tougher than the target set by the international Kyoto protocol on climate change.
		The 16.3 percent cut in the UK's emissions is for the first three-year phase of the EU scheme running from 2005 to 2007.
		The curbs on emissions in the second phase of the scheme, from 2008 to 2012, will be tightened to achieve the UK's 20 percent target by 2010.
	www.planetark.com /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/23497/story.htm (502 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Trade can 'export' CO2 emissions
		"This probably equates to a net increase in greenhouse gas emissions, as it's a shift to countries which are probably less efficient than the US," he said.
		But this reduction in US emissions was more than matched by an increase in Chinese emissions.
		Dr Shui calculates that global emissions were higher by around 720 million tonnes during the seven year period.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/4542104.stm (813 words)

	Planet Ark : Sweden sets tougher goal for CO2 emissions
		STOCKHOLM - Sweden said on Tuesday it had set a tougher goal for reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and was considering tax hikes to set an example for global efforts to curb harmful climate change.
		Sweden, which has set the environment high on the agenda during its presidency of the European Union in the first half of this year, is allowed to increase its CO2 output by four percent according to a global plan to cut emissions of greenhouse gases, the Kyoto Protocol.
		Sweden already has one of the lowest emission levels of CO2 in the EU of 6.4 tonnes per capita, compared with the European average of 9.0 tonnes.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm?newsid=9608 (513 words)

	30/1/2003 -- German n-power CO2 savings equal road emissions - DAtF
		Such emissions are seen by many scientists as a major contributor to global warming and resulting climate changes.
		Germany is well on course to meeting its national target under the United Nations' Kyoto protocol on climate change of cutting CO2 emissions by 21 percent from 1990 levels by 2012, having already cut them by 19 percent.
		But some nuclear operators still resent a 1999 deal between industry and government to phase out nuclear energy by the 2020s in a bid to eliminate perceived safety risks from ageing plants and the problem of how to store dangerous radioactive waste.
	forests.org /articles/reader.asp?linkid=19722 (480 words)

	FuturePundit: Tony Blair Wants Technological Advances To Reduce CO2 Emissions
		Canada leads the laggards with emissions growth at 20 percent from 1990 although it has committed to a 6 percent reduction by 2012.
		Japan's emissions are up 12 percent and it has to cut them also by six, while New Zealand must show zero growth and is currently up 21 percent.
		Much of the difference in CO2 emissions between Europe and the United States since 1990 can be chalked up to faster economic growth and population growth in the United States.
	www.futurepundit.com /archives/003002.html (9372 words)

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