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| | Chinese History |
 | | The Chinese armies reconquered Annam (), asnorthern Vietnam was then known, in Southeast Asia and kept back the Mongols,while the Chinese fleet sailed the China seas and the Indian Ocean, cruisingas far as the east coast of Africa. |
 | | The stability ofthe Ming dynasty, which was without major disruptions of the population(then around 100 million), economy, arts, society, or politics, promoteda belief among the Chinese that they had achieved the most satisfactorycivilization on earth and that nothing foreign was needed or welcome. |
 | | Conservative scholars at court failed to see the importance of them.For the first time in history, China was turning inwards, clinging to anincorrect interpretation of an outmoded philosophy. |
| www.china-inc.com /education/history/ming.html (1200 words) |
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