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Topic: Chinese ethnic groups

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List of Chinese ethnic groups

Chinese Minorities

Han people

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She (ethnic group)

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Hui Chinese

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	Chinese Ethnic Minorities
		The largest group, the Han, make up over 92% of China's vast population, and it is the elements of Han civilization that world considers "Chinese culture." Yet, the 55 ethnic minorities, nestled away on China's vast frontiers, maintain their own rich traditions and customs, and all are part of Chinese culture.
		Even though the modern concept of 56 ethnic groups is often considered an arbitrary and conservative summary of the hundreds of diverse peoples in China, it pales in comparison to the simplicity by which the ancient Han people distinguished their nomadic neighbors.
		Although over 400 minority groups answered a call to register, studies found that there was a lot of overlapping, and a significant number of groups that claimed to be separate were actually the same with different names.
	www.c-c-c.org /chineseculture/minority/minority.html (702 words)

	Nationalities of China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Conversely, Hakka are often thought of as an ethnic group, but they are generally considered to be within the subgroups of the Han ethnicity.
		Chinese ethnicities theory is heavily influenced by that of the Soviet Union.
		With some groups, such as the Tibetans and the Uyghurs there is a great deal of resentment against the majority.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Chinese_ethnic_groups (767 words)

	Ethnic Chinese in Cambodia
		Ethnic Chinese are an integral part of the geography and genealogy of Cambodia.
		While it is true that the majority of ethnic Chinese in Cambodia (approximately eighty-five percent) live in Phnom Penh and provincial towns, it should not be forgotten that the majority of Khmers (approximately eighty percent) live in the country.
		Ethnic Chinese were thus drafted in to give concrete expression to Sino-Cambodian friendship, as seen in Sihanouk's mobilisation of the Chinese munity to construct Mao Tse Toung Boulevard in Phnom Penh (Yu However, Sino-Cambodian relations soured in the wake of China's Cultural Revolution.
	www.cascambodia.org /chinese_cam.htm (12080 words)

	Chinese surname (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Chinese surname, also called a clan name or family name (, pinyin: xìng; or 氏, shi), is one of the over seven hundred family names used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups.
		Unlike European practice in which some surnames are obviously noble, Chinese emperors and members of the royal family had regular surnames except in cases where they came from non-Han ethnic groups.
		This was a result of Chinese imperial theory in which a commoner could receive the Mandate of Heaven and become emperor.
	www.free-download-soft.com /info/unix-internet-misc-ax25-apps.html (2074 words)

	List_of_Chinese_ethnic_groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The official PRC point of view is that all of these nationalities are part of a broader nationality known as Zhonghua Minzu.
		Conversely, Hakka are often thought of as an ethnic group, but they are generally considered members of the Han nationality.
		Chinese nationalities theory is heavily influenced by that of the Soviet Union.
	www.comicscomics.com /search.php?title=List_of_Chinese_ethnic_groups (446 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Han Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Han Chinese (Simplified: 汉; Traditional: 漢; Pinyin: hàn) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China and the largest single human ethnic group in the world.
		Han Chinese constitute over 92 percent of the population of mainland China and about 19 percent of the global human population.
		Chinese is written with logographs (sometimes called Chinese characters) that represent meanings rather than sounds, and so written Chinese does not reflect the speech of its author.
	www.nowtryus.com /article:Han_Chinese (591 words)

	Han Chinese - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Han Chinese (漢 or 汉 in pinyin: han4) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China which constitutes over 92% of the population.
		Among Han Chinese, there is a wide diversity of distinct cultural and linguistic groups, such as the Hakka.
		Within Chinese nationalist theory, China is composed of a many ethnic groups, and promoting the interest and culture of Han Chinese at the expense of the other ethnic groups is known as Han chauvinism which has a pejorative meaning.
	openproxy.ath.cx /ha/Han_ethnicity.html (228 words)

	Languages of China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chinese language policy is heavily influenced by Soviet nationalities policy and officially encourages the development of standard spoken and written languages for each of the
		Chinese spoken language, despite the fact that they are more different from each other than, for example, the Romance languages of Europe.
		Supporters of Chinese policies argue that both in theory and in practice that Chinese policies are rather supportive of multilingualism and the development of minority languages, and that China has a far better track record in these issues than some other countries, namely the United States.
	evil-wire.luvfeed.org /cache/3951 (838 words)

	Kootenay - Ethnic Groups - Chinese Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This was partly due to the fact that the Chinese were not welcomed into the European community and partly because they were still strongly connected to their homeland.
		Due to mainstream intolerance, Chinese people were not welcome to live in the white neighbourhoods, thereby perpetuating feelings of ethnic differences.
		Chinese Canadians are now part of mainstream Canada, and many of their cultural traditions enrich our Canadian society.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /kootenay/ethnic/chinese.asp (556 words)

	Ethnic groups in Chinese history - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As many ethnic groups have appeared in history, this table is certainly not complete.
		The purpose of this page is to stimulate conversation and constructive arguments on connecting Eastern and Western knowledge of those ethnic groups.
		conquered by Khitans, splinter groups and remnants re-emerged as Mongols
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_past_Chinese_ethnic_groups (632 words)

	Ethnic groups in the physical sciences
		The report, Representation of Ethnic Groups in Chemistry and Physics, presents a statistical picture of the progress of English and Welsh students from different ethnic groups through the various stages of the educational system into university chemistry and physics courses.
		Interestingly whilst ethnic minority graduates drift away from chemistry and physics, they are significantly more likely to go on to some sort of further study than their white counterparts.
		Different ethnic groups have different socio-economic profiles and consequently the study is not able to say categorically whether the differences observed are due to ethnic differences per se, or whether socio-economic factors play a part.
	www.rsc.org /ScienceAndTechnology/Policy/Bulletins/Issue4/Ethnicgroupsinphysicalsciences.asp (1388 words)

	Chinese Ethnic groups
		The other ethnic groups, that is the minority nationalities, total 160 million, only 6.7 percent of the Chinese nation.
		However, this ethnic group was not recognized as a minority prior to the founding of the People's Republic in 1949.
		The Naxi ethnic minority has a population of 277,800, most of whom live in concentrated communities in the Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province, the rest being scattered in Weixi, Zhongdian, Ninglang, Deqin, Yongsheng, Heqing, Jianchuan and Lanping counties in Yunnan Province, as well as Yanyuan, Yanbian and Muli counties in Sichuan Province.
	www.tourdesigner.cn /ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=4198 (6042 words)

	Ethnic_Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Han Chinese (Simplified Chinese: 汉族; Traditional Chinese: 漢族; pinyin: hànzú) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China and the largest single human ethnic group in the world.
		The term Han Chinese is sometimes used synonymously with "Chinese" without regard to the other 55 other minority Chinese ethnic groups; usage of this kind tends to be frowned upon by Chinese nationals, who regard the phrase Zhongguo ren (中国人) to be a more precise terminology.
		For thousands of years, Literary Chinese was used as the standard written format, which used vocabulary and grammar significantly different from the various forms of spoken Chinese.
	www.tuxedo-shop.com /search.php?title=Ethnic_Chinese (928 words)

	List of Chinese ethnic groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chinese ethnic group theory is heavily influenced by that of the Soviet Union and officially China is considered a multi-ethnic (multinational) country.
		The degree of integration of minority ethnic groups with the national community varies widely from group to group.
		With some groups, such as the Tibetans and the Uighurs there is a great deal of resentment against the majority.
	www.city-search.org /li/list-of-chinese-ethnic-groups.html (546 words)

	Culture of China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chinese civilization is said to have begun 5000 years ago.
		Chinese culture, despite all of its regional diversity, was dominated by the Confucian value system.
		In essence, the history of 20th Century China is one of experimentation to find a new system of social, political, and economic organization that would allow for the reintegration of the nation in the wake of dynastic collapse.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Culture_of_China (451 words)

	Kootenay - Ethnic Groups - Chinese Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This sum would be required of a Chinese immigrant prior to his admission into Canada (if he was not denied entry for a number of other reasons -for example, suspicion of having a contagious disease).
		The short title of the Act Respecting and Restricting Chinese Immigration as defined is the Chinese Immigration Act.
		Government actions which deprived Chinese of their rights or discriminated against them were often politically and economically advantageous for the B.C. government and their supporters.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /kootenay/ethnic/government.asp (1119 words)

	AAS Abstracts: China Session 68 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A key element in defining Chinese identity through the ages has been adherence to a set of practices and beliefs concerning man's relationship to the cosmos and the dead that is subsumed under the rubric of the Rites (li).
		Consequently, the adoption of Chinese ritual practices and religious beliefs was central to the ongoing process of ethnic redefinition known as sinicization.
		Although traditional Chinese beliefs centering on the ancestral cult were at the core of Chinese identity, the more involved, complex, and esoteric religious traditions were often more successful in winning the adherence of peripheral peoples.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1997abst/china/c68.htm (1266 words)

	A history of diversity - Inside Indonesia 78
		The Teochiu Chinese, who originate from the neighbourhood of Shantou in Guangdong province, are the most numerous language group in Pontianak city and to the south.
		When the Chinese began to arrive in West Kalimantan, or Borneo, as it was then called, Malay principalities dominated the coastal and riverine areas, monopolising (or attempting to) trade with the uplands and drawing taxes and corvée labour from the subject Dayak peoples.
		Mary Somers Heidhues (Maryheid@aol.com) is the author of Golddiggers, Farmers, and Traders in the ‘Chinese Districts’ of West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
	www.serve.com /~inside/edit78/p09-10_heidhues.html (1423 words)

	Chinese Ethnic Groups: Hui People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Hui ethnic group, with a total population of about 8.6 million is one of China's largest ethnic groups.
		This group is mainly distributed in Ningxia, Gansu, Henan, Hebei, Qinghai, Shandong, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Liaoning and Anhui provinces.
		The "Hui ethnic group" is the shortened form of "Huihui ethnic group".
	www.muztagh.com /china-information/nationality/hui.htm (315 words)

	Chinese family name
		A Chinese family name/clan name/surname (姓 in pinyin: xìng4) refers to one of the over seven hundreds of family names used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups and is part of a Chinese name.
		Chinese family names are passed from the father, and there is generally a taboo against marriage between persons of the same surname.
		The last columns are some popular transliterations in other Chinese languages (dialects) used by some overseas Chinese whose ancestral mother tongue is neither Mandarin nor Cantonese.
	www.fastload.org /ch/Chinese_family_name.html (538 words)

	Ethnic Inequality in Canada
		On the contrary, the ethnic groups (Chinese, Japanese, Indo-Canadian) are under-represented.
		In the Vertical Mosaic, John Porter concluded that serious ethnic inequality had continued to exist, and that the small ethnic groups tended to remain in the same position---low and under-represented status.
		The roots of ethnic racism and the people who cause it need to realize that minorities are here to stay and as the years go on, they will gain more power and use their full potential whether the mainstream culture prefers it or not.
	www.langara.bc.ca /sociology/studentgallery/1121groups/gr6_991 (2108 words)

	Chinese Ethnic Minorities Pen Their Own Languages
		Among these nationalities are Zhuang, China's biggest ethnic group with 18 million people which equals that of Australia, and Tu ethnic group, with a population of 190,000.
		"China's ethnic groups are free to decide either they would adhere to the Chinese (language of the Han people) or they would like to have a new language," he said.
		She was able to learn a new way of sub-tropical farming from an ethnic newspaper published in her language, which led her and her family from rags to riches.
	www.cernet.edu.cn /20020319/3023011.shtml (701 words)

	SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - Han Chinese
		Traditional Han Chinese clothing is still worn by many people in important occasions such as wedding banquets and Chinese New Year.
		Within some variants Chinese nationalist theory including the official version espoused by the People's Republic of China, China is composed of many ethnic groups, and promoting the interest and culture of Han Chinese at the expense of the other ethnic groups is known as Han chauvinism, which has a pejorative meaning.
		Recent genetic studies have shown genetic differences, especially between Han Chinese in the southernmost coastal areas (Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan) and Han Chinese in the rest of China.
	www.singaporemoms.com /parenting/Ethnic_Chinese (677 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: Ethnography of China: Brief Guide
		The Chinese refer to themselves as Han or sons of Han (as in Han Dynasty, a period of great historical significance).
		Throughout history, small ethnic groups that came into contact with the Han Chinese have adopted Chinese culture and have been absorbed into the mainstream.
		Traditionally, the definition of a minority nationality in China is a group of people who speak a common language, occupy a common area, and share a common sense of social values.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinethn.html (759 words)

	Allele frequencies of mitochondrial DNA STR locus in two Chinese ethnic groups
		Blood specimens were collected from two Chinese ethnic groups, including 100 unrelated individuals from Han ethnic group in Beijing and 100 unrelated individuals from Uygur ethnic group in Kashi of Xinjiang province.
		Ethnic origin was determined by appearance and self declaration.
		DNA was extracted mtDNA was amplified using PCR with primers L16419 5'-caa tat ccc gca gag tg-3' and H00672 5'-tag aaa ggc tag gac caa acc t-3' ends in Anderson reference sequence (2) and "L" and "H" designated the light and the heavy strands of the mtDNA molecule, respectively.
	www.astm.org /DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/4313.htm (652 words)

	Who are these Chinese people? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The main theme of this lesson is to present general facts on similarities and differences between two Chinese ethnic groups – Han, the majority and Hui, one of Chinese minority.
		Within various ethnic groups, the majority group Han and one of minority groups – Hui will be introduced in the lesson.
		The focus of the paper is to research the differences and similarities between the minority group the team chose and the ethnic majority Han people.
	www.yale.edu /ycias/pier/resources/lessons/zhou.htm (614 words)

	Chinese Family Names - Chinese Name - Chinese
		A Chinese family name/clan name/surname (姓, pinyin: xìng) refers to one of the over seven hundred family names used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups.
		Although there are over 700 Chinese family names, the vast majority of Chinese have relatively few names.
		Chinese women usually retain their maiden names after marriage, sometimes placing their husbands' family names in front of theirs.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Chinese_Family_Names (1004 words)

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