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	Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The number of Chinese characters contained in the Kangxi dictionary is nearly 47,035, although a large number of these are rarely-used variants accumulated throughout history.
		It is possible that these inscriptions are ancestral to the later Oracle bone script of the Shang Dynasty and therefore the modern Chinese script, since late Neolithic culture found in Longshan is widely accepted by historians and archaeologists to be ancestral to the bronze age Erlitou culture and the later Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
		The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme a glyph is required, and variant characters have at times developed for the same morpheme.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character (4610 words)

	Introduction to the Chinese Script
		The Chinese script is one of the oldest and most widely used writing systems in the world.
		Chinese characters are the basic carriers of the traditional Chinese culture, and, as an important tool for extending, spreading and exchanging ideas, they have played a critical role in the long history of the Chinese nation.
		The Chinese script is an ideographic writing system, in which the graphic structure is directly related to the meaning.
	faculty.virginia.edu /cll/chinese/introduction.html (1225 words)

	Symbols.com - Symbol 9:1
		It is also one of the basic gestalts in Western ideography (as opposed to the basic elements, which are derived entities).
		In the earliest Chinese ideography it appears as a sign for perfection and 10, the most perfect number.
		In Western ideography the cross, and its graphic opposite, the circle, are the most common basic gestalts, and appear in many different Western ideographic systems.
	www.symbols.com /encyclopedia/09/091.html (700 words)

	Home > Oakland, CA, California Yellow Pages, Classifieds, Real Estate, Business, Schools, Library and Jobs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Most words in Mandarin Chinese are polysyllabic and thus require two or more characters to write; single-character abbreviations for polysyllabic words are also common.
		Chinese characters are also known more formally as sinographs and the system as sinography.
		Similarly to Japan and Korea, Chinese (especially Classical Chinese) was used by the ruling classes, and the characters were eventually adopted to write Vietnamese.
	www.oaklandcaus.com /details/Chinese_characters (5717 words)

	The Chinese Written Character (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thus in Chinese the sign meaning "to be lost in the forest" relates to a state of non-existence.
		In Chinese the chief verb for "is" not only means actively "to have," but shows by its derivation that it expresses something even more concrete, namely, "to snatch from the moon with the hand." Here the baldest symbol of prosaic analysis is transformed by magic into a splendid flash of concrete poetry.
		In the derivation of nouns from verbs, the Chinese language is forestalled by the Aryan.
	www.hyattcarter.com /the_chinese_written_character.htm (8489 words)

	RE: Ideograph?!?
		Much less slippery is phonology, and one is on firmer ground to assert that Chinese characters (and characters derived from the Chinese tradition, either directly, or indirectly) are regularly associated with specific quantifiable pronunciations, in whatever language.
		It is the case in Chinese that a given morpheme with a certain well-defined pronunciation may in fact be representable with more than one character.
		The components of Chinese characters in the Eastern Han tradition are in fact explained in such terms, as representing real-world objects.
	www.mail-archive.com /unicode@unicode.org/msg27031.html (1166 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions
		This is an ancient Chinese art of healing, now it recommended by WHO and this science is used world wide.
		A method of Chinese medicine where disease is treated by directly or indirectly heating the acupuncture points by burning "moxa" made from the dried leaves of the plant artemesia vulgaris.
		The Chinese ideography of Yang depicts the sunny side of the hill while the symbol for Yin shows the darker side of the hill.
	www.acupuncturedelhi.com /faq.htm (1966 words)

	Randy's 'Favorite Getaways in Rural Japan' p 14
		Chinese movies usually have Chinese subtitles, which can be read by the speakers of dozens of different Chinese 'dialects' who cannot understand a bit of the spoken dialog.
		In this case, the Chinese character was understood to represent a Japanese word, and was pronounced in Japanese.
		By the way, in recent memory the Chinese government instigated a simplified version of many of their characters; so while many Japanese characters are somewhat simplified from the original Chinese, they are still more complex than some of their new counterparts in modern China.
	www.ease.com /~randyj/rjjapana.htm (4218 words)

	search.com - Ideogram
		Chinese characters are conventionally called ideographs or ideograms, but their own linguistic tradition divides characters into at least five categories, of which "ideograph" is a plausible translation of only one or two.
		The native terms (Chinese hanzi, Japanese kanji) are also fairly widespread in the contexts of the individual languages, but they are not generally considered suitable for discussion of the script as a whole.
		Unihan Database (the Unicode consortium's database of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean ideograms)
	www.search.com /reference/Ideogram (844 words)

	YellowRiverBooks.com - Books, CDs, CDROMs, MP3 on learning Chinese and more ....
		Listed in the front are the abbreviations for parts of speech, the scheme for the Chinese phonetic alphabet, and the table of initials and final in common speech.
		Chinese characters, with their unfamiliar rectangular outlines and complex structures, often appear to foreign learners to be an insuperable stumbling block.
		Although it could be used as a Chinese etymological dictionary, the book is an attempt to find a new way to teach the practical ideography of Chinese to those whose native scripts are alphabet-based.
	www.chinadragonbooks.com /learn_chinese/learn10.html (691 words)

	Brush Calligraphy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		An interpretation of the ideograph pronounced xing in Chinese and gyô in Japanese.
		An interpretation of the ideograph pronounced qi in Chinese and ki in Japanese.
		An interpretation of the ideograph pronounced le or yue in Chinese and raku or gaku in Japanese.
	www.brushmind.net /BrushCallig.html (160 words)

	Usuario:Mpagano/Gottfried Leibniz - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Characters were, with Leibniz any written signs, and "real" characters were those which represent ideas directly—as the Chinese ideography was thought to—and not the words for them.
		Egyptian and Chinese hieroglyphics and the symbols of astronomers and chemists belong to the first category, but Leibniz declared them to be imperfect, and desired the second category of characters for what he called his universal characteristic.
		It was not in the form of an algebra that Leibniz first conceived his characteristic, probably because he was then a novice in mathematics, but in the form of a universal language or script.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Usuario:Mpagano/Gottfried_Leibniz (2820 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Even if it is true that both Korea and Japanese used Chinese writing at the first plae, it does not mean that both Korea and Japanese doen't have their own distinct writing system.
		Chinese language is like a main language that two other Korea and Japan had adopted and used them.
		Koreans are very much like Chinese and in fact they used Chinese until now even though the Hangul was invented 1445 by the King Sae Jong, the scholars considered it as low-class peasants language.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /soc/faculty/cheng/linkev.htm (549 words)

	IRICS 2005 / Section: Cross-Cultural and Socio-Linguistic Aspects of Sub Languages
		It is even more difficult to study languages incorporating ideography (Chinese, Japanese) where one sign denotes a whole word, and sometimes additional grammar meaning.
		The differences of these real objects in form, structure and usage together with the scope of semantic meaning form the invariant concept of "a house" which gives the possibility for the word to exist and to be translated into other languages.
		But in the Chinese culture this animal is treated differently and considered to be miserable and defenseless.
	www.inst.at /irics/speakers_n_s/omelianenko.htm (2592 words)

	T_R_A_N_S_L_I_T_E_R_A_T_I_O_N (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Not that an ideal of 'literal translation' (in the common sense) should not exist, but it needs to be recognized for what it is: an exercise in ideography or (cultural-transcendent) symbolism, an attempt to inscribe (potentially) shared ideas across languages without a necessary relation to the literal (material, specifically cultivated) inscriptions of either language.
		When you make a 'literal translation' of an English poem into Chinese it really is transcribed in Chinese letters which are programmable as such by Chinese readers and writers.
		If this relation with the letter is understood, carried over and inscribed in the 'literal translation' of a Chinese poem into English, this allows, potentially, programmable principles of literary/literal composition to brought over along with the specific version.
	www.shadoof.net /in/translit/transl09.html (202 words)

	Ideas About Chinese Calligraphy
		Chinese characters are composed of strokes, radicals, and section headings.
		Not only Chinese calligraphy adopts the importance of “slow practice” which is quite contrary to the public notion.
		This is why Chinese calligraphers live longer and healthier than most Chinese people throughout history.
	www.art-virtue.com /demo/understanding.htm (637 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Despite the longtime cultural influence of China upon Korea and the use of Chinese as the official written language of Korea until the late 19th century, Korean and Chinese belong to entirely different linguistic families.
		The mastery of Chinese ideography was very difficult, however, and only scholars could read and write.
		Chinese ideography is still taught, but most writers use hangul.
	www.arthurhu.com /2000/11/korean.txt (242 words)

	[No title]
		In 1984, John DeFrances revives the debate in his book-legnth study of the Chinese language.
		20.Peter Boodberg,“Some Proleptical Remarks on the Evolution of Archaic Chinese ” 330.
		21.Peter Boodberg,“Some Proleptical Remarks on the Evolution of Archaic Chinese ” 332.
	www.esl.ohio-state.edu /staff/Bloch/10802/researchpaper/humanities/citationdate.htm (557 words)

	Shi - Langmaker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shi (The Writing of the Fairy-folk) is an invented ideography created by Daniel Myers; see the site at http://www.bookofrefreshments.com/other/language/fairy/fairy.html for details.
		The language is a bit like Egyptian hieroglyphics or Chinese ideograms in that there is a base glyph which provides some semantic content, and smaller radicals which augment or alter the meaning of the base glyph.
		However in context with "shi" (creation) forms a symbol with the meaning of "person who creates speech", "speech maker", or even "singer." This is to be contrasted with the complete sentence "o-is o-is tu e-shi" (see link below for image), which could be translated as "someone creating speech".
	www.langmaker.com /db/Alp_shi.htm (278 words)

	WWW.BAOBINHDUONG.ORG.VN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		But behind this symbolic decoration is the Han ideography as seen in province ancient houses in forms of paralell sentences or abridged prose on lacquered and gilded wood scrolls hung on worship apartment columns.
		Chinese scripts are also engraved on lacquered boards… accordingly, they are written in hierograph of seal characterss, square handwriting, grass style,...
		Overally, the culture of Chinese ideography depicted by local ancient houses lies not only in decorative values but profound concepts of morality and desire for blissful life on basis of economy, ethics, and ritual exercises bequeathed by ancestors.
	www.baobinhduong.org.vn /newsdetail.asp?newsid=504&catid=98 (424 words)

	Dr. Barbara Drinck - Online-Texte (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The earliest meaningful contact with the Chinese culture can be traced back to the invitation of the learned Korean Wani to Japan who arrived in the fifth century.
		This means that Buddhism and Chinese ideography have always been closely related and that these scriptures and the ability to read them was the primarily educational task of the whole Heian period (794-1184).
		Following this, however, a new system of state according to the Chinese example was founded and its focal point was the capital city of Nara (later Heian-Kyô).
	userpage.fu-berlin.de /~drinck/texte/temple-schools.htm (2682 words)

	literacy in CHINA - alphabétisation en CHINE
		In China, a person is considered literate if he or she can read and write 1500 characters in Chinese ideography, understand the popular newspapers, keep simple accounts and write an “informal” text.
		The Chinese admit that according to their census of the early 1980s there are still around 230 million illiterates or semi-illiterates, with particularly large proportions of elderly people, women and people from rural areas.
		Another problem highlighted by the author is that of the village schools: these schools do not prepare children to continue their studies at schools of a higher level, most of which are to be found in the towns.
	www.ahama.freesurf.fr /auteurs_pays/CHINA.htm (14107 words)

	Chapter 1: The Ministry Of Psionic Affairs
		Joe Hologram doesn't need to be a mind reader to realize that the psi order is a branch of the Chinese government and that its Proxy sits on the State Council of Premier Zhang Hu-lan, a person many consider a criminal for his suppression of all dissent against the regime he heads.
		Their ability to read the minds of others is a very useful tool, to be sure, but in many cases, their mere presence is sufficient to spark a level of openness and honesty that's atypical in diplomatic circles.
		Her choice had the effect of impressing her Chinese patrons, as well as revealing her vision of the Mandarins' role within the Ministry and outside it.
	homepage.mac.com /bbaugh/asas/chapter1.html (14287 words)

	Book: Learning Chinese: The Origins of Chinese Characters-chinese language learning, learning chinese mandarin, book ...
		Whether borrowed or created, a character generally begins life in Chinese with one meaning and its ancient pronounciation.
		Yet no living language is static, and in time words develop a new pronunciation or meaning, and lose old ones.
		A look at the origins of the characters that make up the Chinese writing system involves also a look at the origins of Chinese civilisation.
	www.chinesecultureonline.com /d:BA:Culture-Learning-Chinese/1218.html (213 words)

	History of Indonesia : Equatorial Kingdoms
		Japan was much lagging behind the already robust Chinese kingdoms of Han, Wu and Wei (not yet such a thing as a united empire) which unfortunately were busy maiming each other in this period of time.
		He waited until the Mongolian and Chinese soldiers landed - initially to teach Singasari the range of the Khan's superiority - they came too late and Singasari didn't even exist anymore.
		He gained security warrant from the Chinese Emperor (of the Ming dynasty) that enabled the new kingdom to grow unhindered by unnecessary armed conflicts in its formatting years.
	www.geocities.com /rainforestwind/indonesianhistory2.htm (3937 words)

	Talk:Gottfried Leibniz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Neither Chinese nor Egyptian characters are purely ideographic systems (see ideogram, Chinese character, Egyptian hieroglyph.) In particular, a large number of Chinese characters are composed of radicals used mostly for their sound and with little relation to the overall meaning of the character.
		Bell reports that this was a result of Leibniz's interest in Chinese culture; no doubt he got it from the I Ching.
		So in a sense, all of information theory derives from Leibniz, for he was the first to emphasize the creative combinatorial potential of the 0 and 1 bit, and how everything can be built up from this one elemental choice, from these two elemental possibilities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Gottfried_Leibniz (8596 words)

	Yingzi - Langmaker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Yingzi is an invented ideography created by Mark Rosenfelder; see the site at http://www.zompist.com/yingzi/yingzi.htm for details.
		A sketch of a writing system "if English was written like Chinese".
		The main intent is to show the nature of the Chinese writing system.
	www.langmaker.com /db/Alp_yingzi.htm (41 words)

	Neil Tennant
		Feed him input in the form of stories written in Chinese ideography, followed by questions (again, in Chinese) intended to test his understanding of the stories.
		Whatever program is put forward as embodying one's competence in Chinese, it could be given to the monoglot English speaker in the room as a manual written in English, for the manipulation of Chinese characters.
		So, the ignorance of Chinese on the part of the homunculus (the man-in-the-room) within Godzilla's head is irrelevant; it's Godzilla whom we are claiming to understand Chinese, not the homunculus.
	people.cohums.ohio-state.edu /tennant9/101_functionalism_criticisms2.html (958 words)

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