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Topic: Chinook Jargon

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Chinookan

	Chinook Jargon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chinook Jargon was a trade language (or pidgin) of the Pacific Northwest, which spread quickly up the West Coast from Oregon, through Washington, British Columbia, and as far as Alaska.
		Jargon was originally derived from a great variety of indigenous words as a contact language for the relatively isolated native tribes of the Pacific Northwest, many of whom had very distinct local languages.
		Jargon placenames are found throughout the Pacific Northwest and Mountain States, although the source language for a given place name is difficult, since Chinook Jargon borrowed a most of its native words from the Salishan languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinook_Jargon (4021 words)

	Chinook Jargon
		Chinook Jargon is a trade language that was used extensively in the nineteenth century and first part of the twentieth century for communication between Europeans and First Nations people in much of the Pacific Northwest, including British Columbia.
		Chinook Jargon should not be confused with Chinook, which is the native language, now extinct, of the Chinook people, whose traditional territory is around the lower reaches of the Columbia River, near Portland, Oregon.
		Chinook Jargon is a language with a simplified grammar that draws its vocabulary from several languages.
	www.ydli.org /bcother/chinook.htm (783 words)

	Chinook Jargon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chinook Jargon was a trade language (or pidgin) of the Pacific Northwest which spread quickly up the West as far as Alaska.
		Jargon was derived from a great variety indigenous words as well as English and Many of its words are still in use in the Western United States and The Jargon words of published lexicons only in the hundreds and so it was to learn.
		Chinook Jargon is still spoken as a language by some residents of Oregon State much as the Métis language Michif is still spoken in Canada.
	www.freeglossary.com /Chinook_Jargon (795 words)

	White River Journal: Tenas Wawa - Chinook Jargon
		Chinook Jargon was sometimes used in advertising to conjure images of an imagined pioneer past, often involving demeaning stereotypes of Native Americans.
		Chinook Jargon, sometimes simply and inaccurately called Chinook, is a sort of shorthand language historically used between Native American tribes on the Northwest Coast and later by the Europeans and European Americans who traded with them and lived among them.
		This is one of the best-known Chinook Jargon words, partly because of its long-time use as the title of the University of Washington yearbook.
	www.wrvmuseum.org /journal/journal_0702.htm (1880 words)

	Lewis and Clark Trail Expedition, Chinook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Chinook Indians at the coast north of the river, spoke one of the Chinookan languages and to the south, another.
		Chinook Jargon was the trading language of the entire Northwest, from the time of the earliest explorers.
		The name chinook is used both for a warm, moist wind blowing onto the Washington and Oregon coasts, and a warm, dry wind descending from the Eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains.
	www.willapabay.org /~anne/chinook.htm (783 words)

	Can We Still Speak Chinook? :: thetyee.ca
		Chinook served as a tangible bridge between all groups -whether aboriginal, European, Chinese, Japanese, even Hawaiian - and as a foundation for a syncretic culture where no one identity had to be dominant.
		The casual penetration of English dialogue is another hallmark of Chinook's impact on the region; which is why we still have skookum and saltchuck and certain other words which survive in certain areas (one theory suggests, by the way, that "in the sticks", where sticks is forest or trees, is such an adaption from CJ).
		Most Jargon usage among natives, which became widespread and a bit standardized because it became a secret lingua franca in the residential schools and at pan-native gatherings such as pow-wows and potlatches, died out in the 1960s.
	thetyee.ca /Life/2006/01/10/StillSpeakChinook (5222 words)

	Chinook Jargon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is some controversy about the origin of the Jargon, but all agree that its glory days were during the early 1800s.During this era many dictionaries were published in order to help settlers interact with the First Nations people already living there.
		Chinook Jargon is still spoken as a first language by some residents of OregonState, much as the Métis language Michif is still spoken in Canada.
		For everyone else, the fact that Chinook Jargon everexisted is relatively unknown, perhaps due to the great influx of newcomers into the influential urban areas.
	www.therfcc.org /chinook-jargon-65535.html (654 words)

	Timetemple (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Pocket dictionary of the Chinook jargon: the Indian trading language of Alaska, the Northwest Territory and the northern Pacific coast.
		Chinook and shorthand rudiments: with which the Chinook jargon and the Wawa shorthand can be mastered without a teacher in a few hours.
		Practical Chinook vocabulary: comprising all and the only usual words of that wonderful language arranged in a most advantageous order for the speedily learning of the same, after the plan of Right Rev. Bishop Durieu O M.I., the most experienced missionary and Chinook speaker in British Columbia.
	timetemple.com /index.php?option=content&task=view&id=4 (1765 words)

	Amazon.com: Chinook: A History and Dictionary: Books: Edward H. Thomas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is a standard work: an introduction to the "Chinook Jargon," a contact or trade language which was used by up to a million speakers from dozens of ethnic groups in the northern Pacific Coast region of the present United States and British Columbia in Canada.
		Chinook Jargon is a pidgin comprised largely of words from the Nootka, (true, or pure) Chinook, French, and English languages.
		The Jargon was born in pre-European-contact times, and was used from north of Vancouver Island in northern B.C. southward to the northern California coast, and inland for some hundreds of miles.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0832302171?v=glance (648 words)

	Columbia Gorge - Chinook
		The Chinooks were primarily a bay and river people, dependent on fishing (salmon) as well as game.
		The development of the Chinook Jargon, an Indian trade language based originally on Chinook words but later incorporating an increasing vocabulary of European origin, bears witness to the importance of the Chinook tribes in pre-1840 trade relations.
		Chinook Jargon This language was a combination of words from several languages used primarily in trading with others.
	www.chenowith.k12.or.us /tech/subject/social/natam_or/chinook.html (873 words)

	Chinook Jargon: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chinook Jargon was a trade language (or pidgin pidgin quick summary:
		Jargon was derived from a great variety of indigenous words, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Chinook Jargon is still spoken as a first language by some residents of Oregon State Oregon quick summary:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ch/chinook_jargon.htm (1649 words)

	[No title]
		By the 1860s Chinook Jargon had become the de facto official language of communication between the government and indigenous peoples.
		Chinook Jargon was based on a pre-contact lingua franca used by aboriginal groups around the Columbia River, to communicate with each other.
		In the Chinook language there is no article, the case is determined by the construction; the plural is generally formed by prefixing hai-ianduacute;u (many), and the superlative by prefixing handaacute;i-us (very).
	web.uvic.ca /history-robinson/contexts/chinook_jargon.html (500 words)

	Canku Ota - Aug. 12, 2000 - Chinook Jargon Workshop
		Chinook Jargon, or Chinuk Wawa as it speakers refer to it, was commonly spoken in the Pacific Northwest from northern California to southern Alaska.
		Chinook Jargon is based on the speech of the Chinook people whose homeland is along the lower Columbia River.
		Today people still use Chinook Jargon when they refer to many places in the Northwest, but most people don't know they are using it.
	www.turtletrack.org /Issues00/Co08122000/CO_08122000_Chinook.htm (626 words)

	Timetemple (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chinook Jargon - The Hidden Language of the Pacific Northwest by Jim Holton.
		Chinook Jargon by the Yinka Déné Language Institute.
		Chinook Jargon at the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library.
	timetemple.com /index.php?option=content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=2 (811 words)

	Coast Salish Collections: Archaeology and Ethnology of the Gulf of Georgia (Songhees Relocation) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A "Jargon" is a simplistic language made up of words from two or more different languages.
		"Chinook Jargon" is an example of a jargon that was used on the West Coast of North America from southern Alaska to northern Oregon.
		Chinook Jargon is made up of words from several different languages, including Chinook, Nootka, English, French, Chehalis and a few others.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /salish/ph2/trad/cjargon.htm (185 words)

	Chinook Jargon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		An art installation featuring Chinook Jargon can be viewed on the Seawall in Yaletown, in Vancouver, British Columbia (at the foot of Davie Street).
		An introduction to the Chinook Jargon, a trading pidgin comprised of Native American, English and French words used by the pioneers and Indians on the western frontier.
		Chinook is the county seat of Blaine County and is the largest city in the county, with a population of approximately 1500 residents.
	www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Chinook_jargon (4304 words)

	Chinook Indian Language
		Chinook Jargon, similar in syntax to European languages, was easily learnt by settlers and explorers; people from Alaska to Southern California were speaking Chinook Jargon, which transformed itself over the years by adding elements of European and other aboriginal languages.
		After all, Chinook Jargon was the language of trade.
		Chinook Jargon was also used in industries like fishing, sealing, logging and the gathering of crops, and Missionaries in their efforts to convert the Native Americans, went as far as to translate Hymns and bible texts into Chinook Jargon.
	www.chinookindian.com /greene/chinook_language.htm (203 words)

	Chinook - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chinook Jargon, a pidgin hybrid of Chinookan, Nootka, Chehalis, French and English
		The Chinook, an early 20th Century newspaper in Vancouver, B.C., published by George Murray
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinook (117 words)

	Folklore Heritage in the Pacific Northwest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is danger of falling into error concerning the Chinook jargon, by confusing it with the intricate language of a tribe of that name.
		The Chinook jargon was and is yet employed by the white people in their dealings with the Natives, as well as by the Natives among themselves.
		There are many people who think the Chinook jargon to be the invention of McLaughlin, the Hudson's Bay Company's factor at Astoria, but the foregoing facts cited by Mr.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /folklore/ocean/general/chinook.htm (585 words)

	languagehat.com: THE KAMLOOPS WAWA.
		I'm not surprised that a newspaper partly in Chinook Jargon was published in British Columbia a century ago, but I'm astonished it lasted for over thirty years; the University of Saskatchewan Library has acquired a run of it and is mounting an exhibition, and the corresponding web page has some great images.
		The Kamloops Wawa was a multi-lingual publication written in English, French and Chinook Jargon.
		Chinook Jargon is a "pidgin" language, a much simplified and easy-to-learn version of traditional Chinook, designed to allow communication between tribes speaking disparate languages and between First Nations people and Europeans.
	www.languagehat.com /archives/001237.php (624 words)

	Wawa Press - Chinook Jargon
		Chinook Jargon - The Hidden Language of the Pacific Northwest
		Chinook Jargon is the most accessible of all the Native American languages.
		Enough Chinook Jargon can be learned in a few hours to enjoy simple conversation.
	www.adisoft-inc.com /chinookbook (290 words)

	CHINOOK - Aboriginal Business Education - The Chinook Jargon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In earlier times the language of trade along the west coast was a collection of Aboriginal and European words known as the Chinook Jargon.
		While there are very few speakers available to guide us, there are a number of useful resources that remind us of the language used by traders up and down the coast.
		A search of the internet quickly provides many useful references about the Chinook Jargon.
	www.chinook.ubc.ca /6jargon.htm (105 words)

	Chinook Jargon (Tsinuk Wawa, Chinook Pidgin)
		The Chinook Jargon was a major pidgin trade language based on Chinook, the Penutian language of a prominent Indian tribe of what is now the Washington coast.
		At its heyday in the 1800's the Chinook Jargon was spoken by some 100,000 people, and in fact there are native elders in British Columbia and Washington state who still remember some of the jargon, even though the Chinook language itself had died out by 1930.
		Description and history of the Chinook Jargon, with language lessons, grammar, and vocabulary.
	www.native-languages.org /cjargon.htm (280 words)

	National Geographic: Lewis & Clark—Tribes—Chinook Indians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Chinook numbered about 400 when the Corps of Discovery visited their villages along the south bank of the Columbia River in October 1805.
		The Chinook tribe had been trading with the British and American traders who came to the Oregon coast for decades.
		Their languages were mixed into "Chinook jargon," which the expedition members picked up.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /lewisandclark/record_tribes_083_14_3.html (186 words)

	Yamada Language Center: GSL WWW Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chinook Trade Jargon - An introduction to the Chinook Trade Jargon
		Shaw's Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon - A 1909 dictionary of Chinook Trade Jargon
		Gibbs' Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon - A 1863 dictionary
	babel.uoregon.edu /yamada/guides/chinook.html (62 words)

	CHINOOK - LoveToKnow Article on CHINOOK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The tribe is practically extinct, but the name survives in the trade language known as Chinook jargon.
		It moderates the climate of the eastern iRockies, the snow melting quickly on account of its warmth ~d vanishing on account of its dryness, so that it is said to lick up the snow from the slopes.
		See Gill, Dictionary of Chinook Jargon (Portland, Ore., 1891); Boas, Chinook Texts, in Smithsonian Report, Bureau of Ethno logy (Washington, 1894); J. Pilling, Bibliography olChinookan Languages, Smithsonian Report, Bureau of Ethnology (Washington, 1893); Horatio Hale, Maaual of Oregon Trade Language (London, 18901; G. Shaw, The C)Iiiwok Jargon (Seattle, 1909); Handbook of Anierican Indians (Washington, 1907).
	www.1911ency.org /C/CH/CHINOOK.htm (245 words)

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