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Topic: ChipTest

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	IBM Research \| Deep Blue \| Overview
		Deep Blue was born in the labs of Carnegie Mellon University in 1985 as "Chiptest," the creation of doctoral students Feng-hsiung Hsu, Murray Campbell and Thomas Anantharaman.
		Chiptest receives an overhaul and is renamed Chiptest-M (the "M" stood for "microcode").
		More importantly, the bugs that had impeded Chiptest's performance the previous year were eliminated in the development of Chiptest-M. Hsu, Campbell and fellow CMU grad student Andreas Nowatzyk complete the development of Chiptest-M's first offspring, Deep Thought 0.01.
	www.research.ibm.com /deepblue/meet/html/d.3.1.html (833 words)

	[No title]
		Note the basic idea that all chip information/functionality necessary for chiptest is in struct chip.
		Note also that the TT array is not in struct chip, because it is just subordinate to the softchip function.
		Pin numbering conventions Note that the program needs to know the LPT1 pin layout, for example, that pin2 is the first output pin, and pin 10 is the first input pin.
	www.cs.umb.edu /~khoi/cscourse/cs241/hw4/chiptest.txt (941 words)

	Chiptest Associates for Gryphics IC Test Sockets and Plastronics Burn-In Sockets - Northern California, Silicon Valley
		Chiptest Associates for Gryphics IC Test Sockets and Plastronics Burn-In Sockets - Northern California, Silicon Valley
		ChipTest Associates is a Silicon Valley based manufacturers representative and consulting firm focusing on semiconductor test applications.
		From probe cards for wafer level testing, to Known Good Die test systems, to high performance test sockets for development, prototyping and test of integrated circuits for the latest high speed technologies, Million and Associates can offer a solution to meet and exceed your requirements.
	www.chiptest-assoc.com (132 words)

	Grand Challenge in Chip Design
		ChipTest won two games, lost two, and drew one at that tournament, while searching some 300,000 chess positions per second.
		An improved version won the 1987 ACM tournament without losing a game; able to search nearly 400,000 chess positions per second, it was arguably the strongest computer chess player the world had yet seen.
		But ChipTest did not seem strong enough to perform at the Grand Master level over a series of 25 games against human competitors, as would be necessary to claim the second of three Fredkin Intermediate Prizes.
	www.siam.org /siamnews/01-03/chess.htm (1792 words)

	Electronic Projects Online - Chiptester (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The ChipTester presented here is used with an IBM compatible PC, and will test nearly all logic devices, providing they operate from a single 5V supply and have no more than 24 pins.
		Since the device being tested will have more than eight pins, we need a method of connecting the eight input lines and eight output lines on the UART to the 24 pins on the test socket.
		Thus to tell the Chiptester to send a byte of data, we send 70h, 71h or 72h, depending upon which 8 bits we need.
	www.web-ee.com /Electronic-Projects/projects/chiptester/index.shtml (3860 words)

	Scientific American: A Grandmaster Chess Machine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Our work had made it clear that ChipTest's hardware could be speeded up and that the search could be managed more intelligently.
		A piece placement evaluation (the only inheritance from ChipTest) scores pieces according to their central placement, their mobility and other considerations.
		A pawn structure evaluation scores pawns according to such parameters as their mutual support, their control of the center of the board and their protection of the king.
	www.sciam.com /print_version.cfm?articleID=0005CCF5-D9D7-1CF6-93F6809EC5880000 (4247 words)

	Deep Thought for winning chess - computer chess Science News - Find Articles
		Built and programmed by a team of graduate students at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Deep Thought last month also tied for first place in a major chess tournament featuring some of the top human chess players in the United States.
		Deep Thought is a direct descendant of Chiptest, an experimental machine that last year won the North American computer chess championship (SN: 11/21/87, p.
		Developed by Feng-Hsiung Hsu and Thomas Anantharaman and their collaborators, Deep Thought consists of two Chiptest processors.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n25_v134/ai_6935038 (646 words)

	Vora's Behind Deep Blue Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is the best part of the book as we are priviliged to much detail about the development and the author's as well the reader's anticipation level is kept high.
		The rest of the book is somewhat downhill as we are not privy to additional interesting details behind the transition from ChipTest to Deep Thought.
		Also, when ChipTest was being developed the author didn't have anything to lose--once the author had ChipTest the stakes were higher--and the narration takes on a bit of a defensive tone (not outright defensive, but we can read it between the lines).
	www.personal.psu.edu /faculty/f/p/fpv/behind-deep-blue.htm (273 words)

	Behind Deep Blue: who's it for?
		It's basically the inside story of how Deep Blue came to be starting from its early days as ChipTest, and it offers a lot of insight into the events and people behind the machine from Hsu's perspective.
		The stories are interesting and informative, but I think it has to be something you already have a bit of an interest in.
		For example, I have a gut feeling that few non-geeks would be that interested in the story of how the ChipTest processors were hand-designed down to the transistor level because that was the only way Hsu could get them to fit in the available MOS technology (an impressive piece of work to say the least).
	www.uglx.org /bedbl (692 words)

	Speeding to a chess championship - North American Computer Chess Championship Science News - Find Articles
		Chiptest, developed by graduate student Feng-hsiung Hsu of Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, in its second year of competition, won all four of its games, defeating both second-place finishers, current world champion CRAY BLITZ (SN: 6/21/86, p.391) and Sun Phoenix.
		Last year's North American champion, Belle, this time apparently suffering from physical infirmities such as deteriorating integrated-circuit chips, placed well down the list of 13 contenders.
		Chiptest, using custom-designed chips, counts mainly on speed to carry it through its games.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n21_v132/ai_6157033 (320 words)

	GuyMcArthur.com: Building Deep Blue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		They call it "ChipTest" since it wasn't designed for anything more than to test this single chip in their final planned system.
		One of the surprising things to me is how well ChipTest, and subsequent versions (including Deep Thought and Deep Thought II), actually do with incomplete chess knowledge.
		Even between games in the 1997 rematch vs. Kasparov, they're tweaking the weights for various, and fairly basic things, so that Deep Blue for instance, better prioritizes the value of bishops on open diagonals, when and when not to castle, and so on.
	guymcarthur.com /reviews/articles/deepblue.xml (873 words)

	Games - ChipTest (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		ChipTest was a 1985 chess playing computer built by Feng-hsiung Hsu
		The new version had ChipTest's bugs eliminated and it was also ten times faster, searching 500,000 moves per second and running on a SUN 4 workstation.
		Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the eBay User Agreement and Privacy Policy.
	listing-index.ebay.com.cob-web.org:8888 /games/ChipTest.html (206 words)

	frontwheeldrive.com: reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hardware was scrounged from an cabinet full of defunct Preq workstations and from this organ bank ChipTest was born, the first chess machine from Hsu and gang that was jokingly entered into the Association of Computing Machinery computer chess tournament and ended up winning the whole shebang.
		ChipTest led the way for Deep Thought, an even more powerful system named after the computer in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," which was the one that would all land them jobs at IBM Research with a huge budget to beat the world champion.
		Behind Deep Blue is a classic tale of engineering discovery and execution, with flashes of insight, conquered obstacles, long hours, and a just shred of serendipity.
	frontwheeldrive.com /reviews_behind_deep_blue.html (652 words)

	Chiptest skal regulere patienters medicinordination
		oktober 2005 : Chiptest skal regulere patienters medicinordination
		"Teknologien har været kendt i mange år, men ved hjælp af denne chiptest er den nu så tilgængelig, hurtig og billig, at det giver mening at benytte den klinisk.
		Med den nye chiptest åbnes der mulighed for at tilpasse medicineringen individuelt inden for udvalgte patientgrupper.
	www.dbio.dk /neobuilder.2005100615173174400036254.html (582 words)

	BYTE.com
		Hsu took this unusual step even though the program was already running on one of the fastest Sun workstations available.
		Known as Chiptest, the hardware-assisted program could evaluate 50,000 possible board positions per second -- up to 9 million moves in the average 3 minutes allotted to a tournament chess player.
		Chiptest could not come close to beating a world champion, although it handily beat many other chess programs.
	www.byte.com /art/9707/sec6/art6.htm (2166 words)

	Deep Blue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Deep Blue started it's life as a PhD project at Carnegie Mellon University by PhD students Feng-hsiung Hsu and Murray Campbell.
		Chiptest, as it was known then, consisted of a custom designed chip hosted in a Sun 3/160 computer.
		The project moved over to IBM in 1989 when Hsu and Campbell joined IBM.
	burks.bton.ac.uk /burks/foldoc/8/30.htm (201 words)

	A brief history of computer chess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Anyway, such tournaments are still on, for instance the World Microcomputer Chess Championship is held every October.
		In 1985, three doctoral students (Hsu, Campbell and Anantharaman) created the chess-playing program Chiptest.
		This would develop into Deep Thought, a program that shared first place with Grandmaster Tony Miles (58) in the 1988 U.S. Open championship and defeated the brilliant 16-year Grandmaster Judit Polgar in 1993 in a 30-minute game.
	www.uz.ac.zw /science/maths/zimaths/chess.htm (1053 words)

	ACM COMPUTER CHESS by Bill Wall
		In 1986, BELLE won the 17th ACM tournament in Dallas.
		In 1987, CHIPTEST-M, developed by Feng Hsu, won the 18th ACM tournament in Dallas.
		CHIPTEST caused hash tables to be standard for chess programs.
	ed-thelen.org /comp-hist/ACM-ComputerChessWall.html (1068 words)

	Minnesota Technolog
		While completing his Ph.D. in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University, Campbell met doctoral student Fenghsiung Hsu, who had developed a single-chip move generator.
		The two collaborated in 1986 to construct a chess-playing computer, Chiptest, and both joined IBM in 1989.
		Now Campbell's new computer, Deep Blue, has become the first computer to defeat a grandmaster in tournament play.
	technolog.it.umn.edu /technolog/marapr98/vectors2.html (476 words)

	AMD Forums > Install XP on a RAID partition? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		I regularly install the OS onto SATA Raid HD and I have not had any problems...
		In my case the mobos have been MSI, but I would be surprised if your Gigabyte is different - it's all the nForce 3 chiptest.
		The early SATA Raid drivers that came with the MSI K8N Neo Platinum on a floppy were certainly faulty, so it's important to get the latest versions.
	forums.amd.com /lofiversion/index.php/t31889.html (937 words)

	Computer History Museum - Endgame - Embedding Software in Hardware
		In the 1980s, two competing computer chess machines, named Hitech and ChipTest, emerged from Carnegie Mellon University.
		These computers used advances in custom chip technology to implement search strategies in hardware that had previously been performed by software.
		The ChipTest team developed a second machine, named Deep Thought, which won the Fredkin Intermediate Prize in 1989 for the first system to play at the Grandmaster level (above 2400).
	www.computerhistory.org /chess/main.php?sec=thm-42f15cec6680f&sel=thm-42f15d0c57d91 (117 words)

	Feature: Deep Blue - Moody blue - Infomatics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		I am merely attempting to push that day as far into the future as possible." Sadly, for Kasparov, that day was not long in coming.
		The evolution of Deep Blue began in 1985 with Dr Feng-hsuing Hsu, who began to develop a chess-playing computer called "Chiptest".
		In 1989 Dr Hsu and Murray Campbell, a former classmate, joined IBM research and work on the Deep Blue project began.
	www.infomaticsonline.co.uk /personal-computer-world/features/2045265/feature-deep-blue-moody-blue (2313 words)

	Core Online: The quest to build a thinking machine: A History of Computer Chess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the mid-1980s, two competing research groups developed separate chess computers, one named Hitech and the other ChipTest.
		While both machines took different programming approaches, they shared advances in custom chip technology, allowing them to further implement brute force search strategies in hardware that had previously been performed by software.
		Building on the initial ChipTest machine, the team developed a second machine, called Deep Thought, after the fictional computer in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.
	www.computerhistory.org /core/articles/history_of_computer_chess.html (3754 words)

	Deep Blue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1985, a Carnegie Mellon doctoral student named Feng-hsiung Hsu began to develop a chess-playing computer called "Chiptest." Twelve years and hundreds of checkmates later, Chiptest has evolved into what is now widely considered to be the greatest chess-playing computer ever constructed -- Deep Blue.
		And this year, with improved capacity and a wealth of new chess knowledge, Deep Blue comes to the chessboard with more speed and power than ever before.
		Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
	roust.gotdns.com /deepblue/meet/html/d.3.html (734 words)

	LinkedIn: Anna Gualtieri
		Quick turn capabilities, one day turns possible in San Jose.
		ChipTest which is known for their excellent Test Development Services in rapid time.
		Quik-Pak offers Open Cavity Plastic or Ceramic Packages for quick turn prototypes.
	www.linkedin.com /pub/1/2b9/0b2 (363 words)

	Utilizing Parallel Computing to Play a Better Game of Chess
		The following web page takes a brief look at using parallel algorithms in a chess program.
		1985 - CMU PhD student, Feng-hsiung Hsu, wrote ChipTest a simple chess-playing computer (1 processor - 50KCps)
		1988 - Deep Thought project initiated based on a version ChipTest (2 processors - 720KCps)
	www.cs.berkeley.edu /~huebsch/cs267/chess.html (1082 words)

	Chessville - Misc. - Articles - Interview - Dr. Hsu
		CrazyBird(DM) kibitzes: in roughly 6 months, i created a single chip
		CrazyBird(DM) kibitzes: this chip was the basis for chiptest, dt i and
		CrazyBird(DM) kibitzes: deep blue are based on new chips.
	chessville.com /Editorials/Interviews/misc_articles_interview_hsu.htm (3233 words)

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